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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishAlthingi and the President of Iceland jointly exercise legislative power. The President and other governmental authorities referred to in this Constitution and elsewhere in the law exercise executive power.
… (Art. 2) - IcelandicAlþingi og forseti Íslands fara saman með löggjafarvaldið. Forseti og önnur stjórnarvöld samkvæmt stjórnarskrá þessari og öðrum landslögum fara með framkvæmdarvaldið.
… (2. gr.)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of [the] State of Guatemala and [he or she] exercises the functions of the Executive Organ through the mandate of the people.
… (Art. 182) - SpanishEl Presidente de la República es el Jefe del Estado de Guatemala y ejerce las funciones del Organismo Ejecutivo por mandato del pueblo.
… (Art. 182)
Head of State
- EnglishThe constitutional powers of the King are hereditary through the direct, natural and legitimate descent from H.M. Leopold, George, Christian, Frederick of Saxe-Coburg, by order of primogeniture.
The descendant mentioned in the first paragraph who marries without the King’s consent or, in his absence, without the consent of those exercising the King’s powers in cases provided for by the Constitution shall be deprived of his right to the crown.
Nonetheless, this right may be restored by the King or, in his absence, by those exercising the powers of the King in cases provided for by the Constitution, but only with the assent of both Houses. (Art. 85) - DutchDe grondwettelijke macht van de Koning gaat bij erfopvolging over op de natuurlijke en wettige nakomelingschap, in de rechte lijn, van Z.M. Leopold, Joris, Christiaan, Frederik van Saksen-Coburg en volgens eerstgeboorterecht.
De in het eerste lid bedoelde nakomeling die huwt zonder toestemming van de Koning of van hen die, bij gebreke van de Koning, zijn macht uitoefenen in de bij de Grondwet bepaalde gevallen, verliest zijn recht op de kroon.
Hij kan echter in zijn recht worden hersteld door de Koning of door hen die, bij gebreke van de Koning, zijn macht uitoefenen in de bij de Grondwet bepaalde gevallen, doch alleen met instemming van beide Kamers. (Art. 85) - FrenchLes pouvoirs constitutionnels du Roi sont héréditaires dans la descendance directe, naturelle et légitime de S.M. Léopold, Georges, Chrétien, Frédéric de Saxe-Cobourg, par ordre de primogéniture.
Sera déchu de ses droits à la couronne, le descendant visé à l’alinéa 1er, qui se serait marié sans le consentement du Roi ou de ceux qui, à son défaut, exercent ses pouvoirs dans les cas prévus par la Constitution.
Toutefois il pourra être relevé de cette déchéance par le Roi ou par ceux qui, à son défaut, exercent ses pouvoirs dans les cas prévus par la Constitution, et ce moyennant l’assentiment des deux Chambres. (Art. 85) - GermanDie verfassungsmäßige Gewalt des Königs geht durch Erbfolge in gerader Linie über auf die leibliche und legitime Nachkommenschaft S.M. Leopold, Georg, Christian, Friedrich von Sachsen-Coburg, und zwar nach dem Recht der Erstgeburt.
Der in Absatz 1 erwähnte Nachkomme, der ohne Einverständnis des Königs oder derjenigen heiratet, die bei Fehlen des Königs dessen Gewalt in den von der Verfassung vorgesehenen Fällen ausüben, verwirkt seine Rechte auf die Krone.
Er kann jedoch vom König oder von denjenigen, die bei Fehlen des Königs dessen Gewalt in den von der Verfassung vorgesehenen Fällen ausüben, wieder in seine Rechte eingesetzt werden, doch nur mit der Zustimmung beider Kammern. (Art. 85)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President and Vice-President of the Nation shall be directly elected by the people, by second ballot, according to this Constitution. To this end, the national territory shall be a single constituency. (Sec. 94)
- SpanishEl presidente y el vicepresidente de la Nación serán elegidos directamente por el pueblo, en doble vuelta, según lo establece esta Constitución. A este fin el territorio nacional conformará un distrito único. (Art. 94)
Head of State
- English
The President of the Republic shall be the Head of the State and shall represent national unity.
… (Art. 87) - Italian
Il Presidente della Repubblica è il capo dello Stato e rappresenta l'unità nazionale.
… (Art. 87)
Head of State
- English
(1) There shall be a President of Nauru, who shall be elected by Parliament.
(2) A person is not qualified to be elected President unless he is a member of Parliament.
… (Art. 16)
Head of State
- EnglishThere shall be a President of the Republic of Botswana who shall be the Head of State. (Sec. 30)
Head of State
- EnglishThe King shall undertake to rule according to the rulings of Islam and shall supervise the application of Shari'ah, the regulations, and the State's general policy as well as the protection and defense of the country. (Basic Law, Art. 55)
- Arabicيقوم الملك بسياسة الأمة سياسة شرعية طبقاً لأحكام الإسلام، ويُشرف على تطبيق الشريعة الإسلامية، والأنظمة، والسياسة العامة للدولة، وحماية البلاد والدفاع عنها. (النظام الأساسي، المادّة 55)
Head of State
- English(1) The President shall be elected directly by the voters for a period of five years by a procedure established by law.
(2) Eligible for President shall be any natural-born Bulgarian citizen over 40 years of age and qualified to be elected to the National Assembly, who has resided in the country for the five years preceding the election.
… (Art. 93) - Bulgarian(1) Президентът се избира пряко от избирателите за срок от пет години по ред определен със закон.
(2) За президент може да бъде избиран български гражданин по рождение, навършил 40 години, който отговаря на условията за избиране на народен представител и е живял последните пеɬгодини в страната.
… (Чл. 93)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President and Vice President shall be elected in a nationwide election for a term of four years. ... (Art. VIII, Sec. 4)