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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Legislature
Ecuador
- EnglishTo be an Assembly person, one must be an Ecuadorian national, at least eighteen (18) years of age at the time of registering one's candidacy, and in possession of political rights. (Art. 119)
- SpanishPara ser asambleísta se requerirá tener nacionalidad ecuatoriana, haber cumplido dieciocho años de edad al momento de la inscripción de la candidatura y estar en goce de los derechos políticos. (Art. 119)
Legislature
Eswatini
- EnglishSubject to the provisions of this Constitution, a person qualifies to be appointed, elected or nominated, as the case may be, as a Senator or a member of the House if that person –(a) is a citizen of Eswatini;(b) has attained the age of eighteen years and is a registered voter;(c) has paid all taxes or made arrangements satisfactory to the Commissioner of Taxes; and(d) is registered as a voter in the inkhundla in which that person is a candidate (in the case of elected members). (Sec. 96)
Legislature
Iran, Islamic Republic of
- EnglishThere are to be two hundred seventy members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly which, keeping in view the human, political, geographic and other similar factors, may increase by not more than twenty for each ten-year period from the date of the national referendum of the year 1368 of the solar Islamic calendar. The Zoroastrians and Jews will each elect one representative; Assyrian and Chaldean Christians will jointly elect one representative; and Armenian Christians in the north and those in the south of the country will each elect one representative.
The limits of the election constituencies and the number of representatives will be determined by law. (Art. 64) - Persianعده نمایندگان مجلس شورای اسلامی دویست و هفتاد نفر است و از تاریخ همهپرسی سال یک هزار و سیصد و شصت و هشت هجری شمسی پس از هر ده سال، با در نظر گرفتن عوامل انسانی، سیاسی، جغرافیایی و نظایر آنها حداکثر بیست نفر نماینده میتواند اضافه شود. زرتشتیان و کلیمیان هر کدام یک نماینده و مسیحیان آشوری و کلدانی مجموعا یک نماینده و مسیحیان ارمنی جنوب و شمال هر کدام یک نماینده انتخاب میکنند. محدوده حوزههای انتخابیه و تعداد نمایندگان را قانون معین میکند. (اصل 64)
Legislature
Belgium
- English§ 1. The Senate is composed of sixty senators, of whom:
1° twenty-nine senators appointed by the Flemish Parliament from among its members or from among the members of the Dutch linguistic group of the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region;
2° ten senators appointed from among its members by the Parliament of the French Community;
3° eight senators appointed from among its members by the Parliament of the Walloon Region;
4° two senators appointed from among its members by the French linguistic group of the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region;
5° one senator appointed from among its members by the Parliament of the German-speaking Community;
6° six senators appointed by the senators referred to in 1°;
7° four senators appointed by the senators referred to in 2° to 4°.
...
§ 3. The Senate is composed of no more than two-thirds of senators of the same gender.
... (Art. 67) - Dutch§ 1. De Senaat telt zestig senatoren, van wie:
1° negenentwintig senatoren aangewezen door het Vlaams Parlement uit het Vlaams Parlement of uit de Nederlandse taalgroep van het Parlement van het Brusselse Hoofdstedelijke Gewest;
2° tien senatoren aangewezen door en uit het Parlement van de Franse Gemeenschap;
3° acht senatoren aangewezen door en uit het Parlement van het Waalse Gewest;
4° twee senatoren aangewezen door en uit de Franse taalgroep van het Parlement van het Brusselse Hoofdstedelijke Gewest;
5° een senator aangewezen door en uit het Parlement van de Duitstalige Gemeenschap;
6° zes senatoren aangewezen door de senatoren bedoeld in 1°;
7° vier senatoren aangewezen door de senatoren bedoeld in 2° tot 4°.
...
§ 3. Niet meer dan twee derden van de senatoren zijn van hetzelfde geslacht.
... (Art. 67) - French§ 1er. Le Sénat est composé de soixante sénateurs, dont:
1° vingt-neuf sénateurs désignés par le Parlement flamand en son sein ou au sein du groupe linguistique néerlandais du Parlement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale;
2° dix sénateurs désignés par le Parlement de la Communauté française en son sein;
3° huit sénateurs désignés par le Parlement de la Région wallonne en son sein;
4° deux sénateurs désignés par le groupe linguistique français du Parlement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale en son sein;
5° un sénateur désigné par le Parlement de la Communauté germanophone en son sein;
6° six sénateurs désignés par les sénateurs visés au 1°;
7° quatre sénateurs désignés par les sénateurs visés aux 2° à 4°.
...
§ 3. Le Sénat ne compte pas plus de deux tiers de sénateurs du même genre.
... (Art. 67) - German§ 1 – Der Senat setzt sich aus sechzig Senatoren zusammen:
1. Neunundzwanzig Senatoren werden vom Flämischen Parlament aus seiner Mitte oder aus der Mitte der niederländischen Sprachgruppe des Parlaments der Region Brüssel-Hauptstadt bestimmt.
2. Zehn Senatoren werden vom Parlament der Französischen Gemeinschaft aus seiner Mitte bestimmt.
3. Acht Senatoren werden vom Parlament der Wallonischen Region aus seiner Mitte bestimmt.
4. Zwei Senatoren werden von der französischen Sprachgruppe des Parlaments der Region Brüssel-Hauptstadt aus ihrer Mitte bestimmt.
5. Ein Senator wird vom Parlament der Deutschsprachigen Gemeinschaft aus seiner Mitte bestimmt.
6. Sechs Senatoren werden von den unter Nr. 1 erwähnten Senatoren bestimmt.
7. Vier Senatoren werden von den unter den Nummern 2 bis 4 erwähnten Senatoren bestimmt.
...
§ 3 – Nicht mehr als zwei Drittel der Senatoren sind desselben Geschlechts.
... (Art. 67)
Legislature
Guyana
- English…
(3) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may make provision -
(a) …
(v) for the extraction from the lists and declaration of names of the candidates who have been elected, and for such provision for extraction to take into account the proportion that women form of the electorate;
…
(b) …
(iii) for the minimum number or proportion of female candidates on a party’s list and in all party’s lists taken together;
(iv) for the minimum number or proportion of female candidates on a party’s lists for geographical constituencies taken individually or together;
(v) for the maximum percentage or the number of geographical constituencies a party can contest in which its lists contain no female candidate.
… (Art. 160)
Legislature
Kiribati
- English
1. Subject to the provisions of this section, the Maneaba ni Maungatabu shall be composed of-
a. thirty-five elected members;
b. the member provided for in section 117 of this Constitution;
… (Sec. 53)
Legislature
Kenya
- English(1) Elections for the seats in Parliament provided for under Articles 97(1) (c) and 98 (1) (b), (c) and (d), and for the members of county assemblies under 177 (1) (b) and (c), shall be on the basis of proportional representation by use of party lists.
(2) The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission shall be responsible for the conduct and supervision of elections for seats provided for under clause (1) and shall ensure that—
…
(b) except in the case of the seats provided for under Article 98 (1) (b), each party list comprises the appropriate number of qualified candidates and alternates between male and female candidates in the priority in which they are listed;
… (Art. 90) - Swahili(1) Uchaguzi wa viti katika Bunge vilivyobainishwa chini ya Kifungu cha 97 (1) (c) na 98 (1) (b), (c) na (d), na kwa wajumbe wa mabunge ya kaunti chini ya kifungu cha 177 (1) (b) na (c), zitakuwa kwa msingi wa uwakilishi wa usawa kwa kutumia orodha za chama.
(2) Tume Huru ya Uchaguzi na Mipaka itakuwa na jukumu la kufanya na kusimamia uchaguzi wa viti vilivyobainishwa chini ya ibara ya (1) na itahakikisha kwamba—
…
(b) isipokuwa katika viti vilivyobainishwa chini ya Kifungu cha 98 ( 1)(b), orodha ya kila chama inajumuisha idadi inayofaa ya wagombea wenye sifa na wanabadilishana kati ya wagombea wa kiume na wa kike katika kipaumbele ambacho kwacho wameorodheshwa;
… (Kifungu cha 90)
Legislature
Jordan
- EnglishIn addition to the conditions prescribed in Article (75) of this Constitution, a member of the Senate must have completed forty calendar years of his age and be one of the following classes: present and former prime ministers and ministers; persons who had previously held the offices of ambassadors, ministers plenipotentiary, speakers of the House of Representatives, presidents and judges of the Court of Cassation and of the Civil and Sharia Courts of Appeal; retired military officers of the rank of Lt. General and above; former representatives who were elected at least twice as representatives; and the other similar personalities who enjoy the confidence of the people in view of their work and services to the Nation and the country. (Art. 64)
- Arabicيشترط في عضو مجلس الأعيان زيادة على الشروط المعينة في المادة (75) من هذا الدستور أن يكون قد أتم أربعين سنة شمسية من عمره وأن يكون من إحدى الطبقات الآتية: رؤساء الوزراء والوزراء الحاليون والسابقون ومن أشغل سابقاً مناصب السفراء والوزراء المفوضين ورؤساء مجلس النواب ورؤساء وقضاة محكمة التمييز ومحاكم الإستئناف النظامية والشرعية والضباط المتقاعدون من رتبة أمير لواء فصاعداً والنواب السابقون الذين انتخبوا للنيابة لا أقل من مرتين ومن ماثل هؤلاء من الشخصيات الحائزين على ثقة الشعب واعتماده بأعمالهم وخدماتهم للأمة والوطن. (المادّة 64)
Legislature
Estonia
- EnglishThe Riigikogu comprises one hundred and one members. Members of the Riigikogu are elected in free elections according to the principle of proportional representation. Elections are general, uniform and direct. Voting is secret.
Any citizen of Estonia who has attained twenty-one years of age and is eligible to vote may stand in an election of the Riigikogu.
… (Sec. 60) - EstonianRiigikogul on sada üks liiget. Riigikogu liikmed valitakse vabadel valimistel proportsionaalsuse põhimõtte alusel. Valimised on üldised, ühetaolised ja otsesed. Hääletamine on salajane.
Riigikogusse võib kandideerida iga vähemalt kahekümne ühe aastane hääleõiguslik Eesti kodanik.
… (§ 60)
Legislature
Mexico
- EnglishThe Chamber of Deputies will be composed of 300 deputies [feminine] and deputies [masculine] elected according to the principle of relative majority voting, within a system of uninomial electoral districts, as well as 200 deputies [feminine] and deputies [masculine] who will be elected according to the principle of proportional representation, within the System of Regional Lists [Sistema de Listas Regionales], voting in plurinomial circumscriptions. (Art. 52)
- SpanishLa Cámara de Diputados estará integrada por 300 diputadas y diputados electos según el principio de votación mayoritaria relativa, mediante el sistema de distritos electorales uninominales, así como por 200 diputadas y diputados que serán electos según el principio de representación proporcional, mediante el Sistema de Listas Regionales, votadas en circunscripciones plurinominales. (Art. 52)