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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Religious Law
- English
Religions and faiths are equal before the law.
The relationships between the State and religious organizations are regulated by law, taking into account their influence on the formation of the spiritual, cultural and State traditions of the Belarusian people.
… (Art. 16) - Belarusian
Рэлігіі і веравызнанні роўныя перад законам.
Узаемаадносіны дзяржавы і рэлігійных арганізацый рэгулююцца законам з улікам іх уплыву на фарміраванне духоўных, культурных і дзяржаўных традыцый беларускага народа.
… (Артыкул 16) - Russian
Религии и вероисповедания равны перед законом.
Взаимоотношения государства и религиозных организаций регулируются законом с учетом их влияния на формирование духовных, культурных и государственных традиций белорусского народа.
… (Статья 16)
Religious Law
- English
(1) In exercising his powers under the foregoing provisions of this Chapter10 in respect of appointments to the offices of Justices of the Supreme court and Justices of the Court of Appeal, the President shall have regard to the need to ensure that there are among the holders of such offices persons learned in Islamic personal law and persons learned in Customary law.
(2) For the purposes of subsection (1) of this section –
(a) a person shall be deemed to be learned in Islamic personal law if he is a legal practitioner in Nigeria and has been so qualified for a period of not less than fifteen years in the case of a Justice of the Supreme Court or not less than twelve years in the case of a Justice of the Court of Appeal and has in either case obtained a recognized qualification in Islamic law from an institution acceptable to the National Judicial Council; and
… (Sec. 288)
Religious Law
- English1. Subject to the provisions of this Constitution any matter relating to betrothal, marriage, nullity of marriage of members of the Greek-Orthodox Church or of a religious group to which the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 2 shall apply shall, on and after the date of the coming into operation of this Constitution, be governed by the law of the Greek-Orthodox Church or of the Church of such religious group, as the case may be. A Law shall provide for an attempt of reconciliation or of spiritual dissolution of marriage to be made before a Bishop.
2. A. Any matter relating to divorce, judicial separation or restitution of conjugal rights or to family relations of the members of the Greek-Orthodox Church, shall be cognizable by family courts each of which is composed:
a) For a divorce trial, of three judges, one of which is a lawyer ecclesiastical officer appointed by the Greek Orthodox Church and presides over the Court and the other two of high professional and moral standard belonging to the Greek Orthodox Church are appointed by the Supreme Court among lawyers. If no ecclesiastical officer is appointed as above, the Supreme Court appoints the President of the Court as well.
b) For any other trial, or one judge as a law shall provide.
B. The divorce is maintainable only—
a) For the grounds, under the Charter of the Holy Church of Cyprus, as are in force at the date of Enactment by the House of Representatives, of the First Amendment of the Constitution Law of 1989, in so far as they are not inconsistent with the Constitution;
b) When the relations of the spouses have been so strongly shaken by a ground concerning the person of the defendant or of both spouses, which justifiably render continuation of the marital relation intolerable for the plaintiff; and
c) For any other ground that a law may provide after the views of the Greek Orthodox Church of Cyprus are being heard.
3. Any matter relating to divorce, judicial separation or restitution of conjugal rights or to family relations of the members of a religious group for which the provisions of the third paragraph of section 2 apply, shall be cognizable by a family court for which a law shall determine its establishment, composition and jurisdiction, mutatis mutandis to the above.
4. Law shall provide for appeal against decisions of the family courts, for the composition of those who shall adjudicate and decide on these appeals and for the jurisdiction and powers of these appellate courts. A law enacted in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph may provide that the appellate court may be composed of one or more judges of the Supreme Court, sitting alone or together with another judge or other judges belonging to the judicial service of the Republic as the law may provide.
5. Notwithstanding the provisions of the first paragraph of this section, the free choice of a civil marriage is offered to the members of the Greek Community.
6. Nothing in paragraph 1 of this Article contained shall preclude the application of the provisions of paragraph 5 of Article 90 to the execution of any judgment or order of any such tribunal. (Art. 111) - Greek(1).-Τηρουμένων των διατάξεων του Συντάγματος παν ζήτημα των ανηκόντων εις την ελληνικήν ορθόδοξον Εκκλησίαν ή εις θρησκευτικήν ομάδα, δι’ ήν ισχύουσιν αι διατάξεις της τρίτης παραγράφου του άρθρου 2, σχέσιν έχον προς τον αρραβώνα, τον γάμον, το κύρος του γάμου, διέπεται από της ημερομηνίας της ενάρξεως της ισχύος του Συντάγματος υπό του εκκλησιαστικού νόμου της ελληνικής ορθοδόξου Εκκλησίας ή υπό του εκκλησιαστικού νόμου εκάστης θρησκευτικής ομάδος, αναλόγως της περιπτώσεως.
Νόμος θέλει προβλέψει περί της ενώπιον Επισκόπου αποπείρας συνδιαλλαγής ή της πνευματικής λύσης του γάμου.
(2).-Α. Παν ζήτημα των ανηκόντων εις την ελληνικήν ορθόδοξον Εκκλησίαν, σχέσιν έχον προς το διαζύγιον, τον χωρισμόν από κοίτης και τραπέζης ή την συνοίκησιν των συζύγων ή τας οικογενειακάς σχέσεις διαγιγνώσκεται υπό οικογενειακών δικαστηρίων έκαστον των οποίων σύγκειται:
(α) Εις την περί διαζυγίου δίκην εκ τριών δικαστών, ο είς των οποίων είναι αξιωματούχος κληρικός, νομομαθής διοριζόμενος υπό της ελληνικής ορθοδόξου Εκκλησίας και προεδρεύσει τούτου, οι δε έτεροι δύο επιλέγονται μεταξύ νομομαθών ανωτάτου επαγγελματικού και ηθικού επιπέδου ανηκόντων εις την υπό του Ανωτάτου Δικαστηρίου. Εις ην περίπτωσιν το Ανώτατον Δικαστήριον διορίζει και τον Πρόεδρον του Δικαστηρίου.
(β) Εις πάσαν άλλην δίκην εξ' ενός δικαστού ως νόμος θέλει ορίσει.
Β. Το διαζύγιον χωρεί μόνον-
(α) Διά τους εις το Καταστατικόν της Αγιωτάτης Εκκλησίας της Κύπρου λόγους ως ούτοι ισχύουν κατά την ημερομηνίαν ψηφίσεως υπό της Βουλής των Αντιπροσώπων του περί της Πρώτης Τροποποιήσεως του Συντάγματος Νόμου του 1989, εφ' όσον ούτοι δεν αντίκεινται προς το Σύνταγμα·
(β) όταν αι μεταξύ των συζύγων σχέσεις έχουν κλονισθή τόσον ισχυρώς από λόγον ο οποίος αφορά το ώστε βασίμως η εξακολούθησις της εγγάμου σχέσεως να είναι αφόρητος διά τον ενάγοντα· και
(γ) δι' οιονδήποτε έτερον λόγον ως νόμος θέλει ορίσει, αφού ακουσθώσιν αι απόψεις της ελληνικής ορθοδόξου Εκκλησίας της Κύπρου.
(3).- Παν ζήτημα των ανηκόντων εις θρησκευτικήν ομάδα δι' ην ισχύουσιν αι διατάξεις της τρίτης παραγράφου του άρθρου 2, σχέσιν έχον προς το διαζύγιον, τον χωρισμόν από κοίτης και τραπέζης ή την συνοίκησιν των συζύγων ή τας οικογενειακάς σχέσεις διαγιγνώσκεται υπό οικογενειακού δικαστηρίου, περί της ιδρύσεως, της συνθέσεως και της δικαιοδοσίας του οποίου νόμος θέλει ορίσει, τηρουμένων των αναλογιών προς τα ανωτέρω.
(4).- Νόμος θέλει προβλέψει περί της εφέσεως κατά των αποφάσεων των οικογενειακών δικαστηρίων, περί της συνθέσεως των δικαζόντων και αποφασιζόντων επί των εφέσεων τούτων, εκ και περί της δικαιοδοσίας και της εξουσίας των δευτεροβάθμιων τούτων δικαστηρίων. Νόμος συμφώνως ταις διατάξεσι της παρούσης παραγράφου δύναται να ορίση ότι το δευτεροβάθμιον δικαστήριον δύναται να απαρτίζηται εξ' ενός ή πλειόνων δικαστών του Ανωτάτου Δικαστηρίου, συνεδριαζόντων μόνων ή μετ' άλλου ή άλλων δικαστών της δικαστικής υπηρεσίας της Δημοκρατίας, ως ο νόμος θέλει ορίσει.
(5).- Ανεξαρτήτων των διατάξεων της πρώτης παραγράφου του παρόντος άρθρου εις τους ανήκοντας εις την Ελληνικήν Κοινότητα προσφέρεται η ελεύθερη επιλογή πολιτικού γάμου.
(6).-Ουδέν εκ των εν τη πρώτη παραγράφω του παρόντος άρθρου διαλαμβανομένων δύναται να παρεμποδίσει την εφαρμογήν των διατάξεων της πέμπτης παραγράφου του άρθρου 90 προκειμένης εκτελέσεως οιασδήποτε αποφάσεως ή διαταγής παντός εκκλησιαστικού δικαστηρίου. (Αρθρον 111) - Turkish1. Bu Anayasanın hükümlerine tabi olarak, Yunan-Ortodoks Kilisesi üyelerinin veya 2.maddenin 3. fıkrası hükümlerinin uygulanacağı bir dini grubun nişanlanması, evlenmesi, evliliğinin geçersiz kılınması ile ilgili herhangi bir konu, bu Anayasanın yürürlüğe girdiği tarihte ve sonrasında, Yunan-Ortodoks Kilisesi veya bu tür dini grubun Kilisesi yasalarına tabidir. Bir yasa, bir Piskoposun önünde yapılacak bir uzlaşma veya evliliğin manevi olarak çözülme girişimini sağlayacaktır.
1. Bu Anayasanın hükümlerine tabi olarak, Yunan-Ortodoks Kilisesi üyelerinin veya 2.maddenin 3. fıkrası hükümlerinin uygulanacağı bir dini grubun nişanlanması, evlenmesi, evliliğinin geçersiz kılınması ile ilgili herhangi bir konu, bu Anayasanın yürürlüğe girdiği tarihte ve sonrasında, Yunan-Ortodoks Kilisesi veya bu tür dini grubun Kilisesi yasalarına tabidir. Bir yasa, bir Piskoposun önünde yapılacak bir uzlaşma veya evliliğin manevi olarak çözülme girişimini sağlayacaktır.
2. A. boşanma, adli ayrılık veya evlilik haklarının iadesi veya Rum-Ortodoks Kilisesi üyelerinin aile ilişkileri ile ilgili herhangi bir konu, her biri aile Mahkemeleri tarafından tanınabilir olacaktır composed:
a) boşanma davası için, biri Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi tarafından atanan ve mahkemeye başkanlık eden bir avukat dini memuru olan üç hakimin ve Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi'ne ait diğer iki yüksek mesleki ve ahlaki standardın avukatları arasında Yüksek Mahkeme tarafından atanır. Hiçbir din görevlisi olarak yukarıda tayin edilirse, Yargıtay da Mahkeme Başkanı olarak atadı.
b) başka bir yargılama için, ya da bir yargıç bir yasa olarak sağlayacaktır.
B. boşanma sadece sürdürülebilir-
a) gerekçesiyle, Kıbrıs Kutsal Kilisesi şartı altında, Temsilciler Meclisi tarafından yürürlüğe girdiği tarihte yürürlükte olduğu gibi, 1989 Anayasa Kanununun ilk değişiklik, şimdiye kadar Anayasa ile tutarsız değildir olarak;
b) eşlerin ilişkileri, davalı veya her iki eşin kişisiyle ilgili bir zemin tarafından bu kadar güçlü bir şekilde sarsıldığında, davacı için evlilik ilişkisinin devam etmesini haklı olarak dayanılmaz hale getirir; ve
c) Kıbrıs Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi'nin görüşleri dinlendikten sonra bir yasanın sağlayabileceği diğer herhangi bir zemin için.
3. Boşanma, adli ayrılık veya evlilik haklarının iadesi veya bölüm 2'nin üçüncü fıkrası hükümlerinin uygulandığı bir dini grubun üyelerinin aile ilişkileri ile ilgili herhangi bir konu, bir yasanın kuruluşunu, bileşimini ve yargı yetkisini belirleyeceği bir aile Mahkemesi tarafından tanınabilir olacaktır.mutatis mutandis yukarıdakilere.
4. Hukuk, aile mahkemelerinin kararlarına, bu itirazlara karar verecek ve karar verecek olanların kompozisyonuna ve bu temyiz mahkemelerinin yargı yetkisine ve yetkilerine itiraz sağlayacaktır. Bu fıkra hükümlerine göre çıkarılan bir kanun, temyiz Mahkemesinin, Kanunun sağlayabileceği şekilde, tek başına veya başka bir hakim veya Cumhuriyetin yargı hizmetine ait diğer hakimlerle birlikte oturan bir veya daha fazla Yargıtay hakiminden oluşabileceğini öngörebilir.
5. Bu bölümün birinci fıkrasının hükümlerine bakılmaksızın, Yunan toplumunun üyelerine medeni bir evliliğin serbest seçimi sunulmaktadır.
6. Bu maddenin 1. fıkrasında yer alan hiçbir şey, 90.maddenin 5. fıkrası hükümlerinin, bu tür bir mahkemenin herhangi bir kararının veya emrinin yerine getirilmesine uygulanmasını engelleyemez. (Madde 111)
Religious Law
- EnglishThe Evangelical Lutheran Church shall be the State Church in Iceland and, as such, it shall be supported and protected by the State.
This may be amended by law. (Art. 62) - IcelandicHin evangeliska lúterska kirkja skal vera þjóð- kirkja á Íslandi, og skal ríkisvaldið að því leyti styðja hana og vernda.
Breyta má þessu með lögum. (62. gr.)
Religious Law
- EnglishSince the family is the fundamental unit of Islamic society, all laws, regulations, and pertinent programs must tend to facilitate the formation of a family, and to safeguard its sanctity and the stability of family relations on the basis of the law and the ethics of Islam. (Art. 10)
- Persianاز آنجا که خانواده واحد بنیادی جامعه اسلامی است، همه قوانین و مقررات و برنامهریزیهای مربوط باید در جهت آسان کردن تشکیل خانواده، پاسداری از قداست آن و استواری روابط خانوادگی بر پایه حقوق و اخلاق اسلامی باشد. (اصل 10)
Religious Law
- English…
3. The relationship between the State and churches and other religious organizations shall be based on the principle of respect for their autonomy and the mutual independence of each in its own sphere, as well as on the principle of cooperation for the individual and the common good.
4. The relations between the Republic of Poland and the Roman Catholic Church shall be determined by international treaty concluded with the Holy See, and by statute.
5. The relations between the Republic of Poland and other churches and religious organizations shall be determined by statutes adopted pursuant to agreements concluded between their appropriate representatives and the Council of Ministers. (Art. 25) - Polish…
3. Stosunki między państwem a kościołami i innymi związkami wyznaniowymi są kształtowane na zasadach poszanowania ich autonomii oraz wzajemnej niezależności każdego w swoim zakresie, jak również współdziałania dla dobra człowieka i dobra wspólnego.
4. Stosunki między Rzecząpospolitą Polską a Kościołem katolickim określają umowa międzynarodowa zawarta ze Stolicą Apostolską i ustawy.
5. Stosunki między Rzecząpospolitą Polską a innymi kościołami oraz związkami wyznaniowymi określają ustawy uchwalone na podstawie umów zawartych przez Radę Ministrów z ich właściwymi przedstawicielami. (Art. 25)
Religious Law
- EnglishThe Sharia Courts alone shall have the jurisdiction - in accordance with their own laws - in the following matters:
1. Matters of personal status of Muslims.
2. Cases of blood money (Diya) if the two parties are both Muslims or one of the parties is not a Muslim and the two parties consent to that the right of jurisdiction be for the Sharia Courts.
3. Matters pertaining to Islamic (Waqfs). (Art. 105) - Arabicللمحاكم الشرعية وحدها حق القضاء وفق قوانينها الخاصّة في الأمور الآتية:
1. مسائل الأحوال الشخصية للمسلمين.
2. قضايا الدية إذا كان الفريقان كلاهما مسلمين أو كان أحدهما غير مسلم ورضي الفريقان أن يكون حق القضاء في ذلك للمحاكم الشرعية.
3. لأمور المختصة بالأوقاف الإسلامية. (المادّة 105)
Religious Law
- English
… The government shall not recognize or establish a national religion, … (Art. IV, Sec. 1)
Religious Law
- English…
2. No state religion shall be recognized, and religion and State shall be separated. (Art. 20) - Korean…
②국교는 인정되지 아니하며, 종교와 정치는 분리된다. (제20조)
Religious Law
- English
(1) The Preamble acknowledges that Tuvalu is an Independent State based on Christian principles, the Rule of Law, Tuvaluan values, culture and tradition, and respect for human dignity.
… (Sec. 29)