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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Religious Law
Bahrain
- Englisha. The Kingdom of Bahrain is fully sovereign, independent Islamic Arab State … (Art. 1)
- Arabicأ - مملكة البحرين عربية إسلامية مستـقـلة ذات سيادة تامة، … (المادّة 1)
Religious Law
Bulgaria
- English…
(2) Religious institutions shall be separate from the State.
(3) Eastern Orthodox Christianity shall be considered the traditional religion in the Republic of Bulgaria.
… (Art. 13) - Bulgarian…
(2) Религиозните институции са отделени от държавата.
(3) Традиционна религия в Република България е източноправославното вероизповедание.
... (Чл. 13)
Religious Law
Rwanda
- EnglishThe Rwandan State is an independent, sovereign, democratic, social and secular Republic.
… (Art. 4) - KinyarwandaLeta y’u Rwanda ni Repubulika yigenga, ifite ubusugire, ishingiye kuri demokarasi, igamije guteza imbere Abanyarwanda kandi ntishingiye ku idini.
… (Ingingo ya 4) - FrenchL’Etat rwandais est une République indépendante, souveraine, démocratique, social et laïque.
… (Art. 4)
Religious Law
Cyprus
- English1. The Communal Chambers shall, in relation to their respective Community, have competence to exercise within the limits of this Constitution and subject to paragraph 3 of this Article, legislative power solely with regard to the following matters:—
(a) all religious matters;
…
(d) The composition and instances (βαθμούς δικαιοδοσίας - dereceleri) of courts dealing with civil disputes relating to personal status and to religious matters;
… (Art. 87) - GreekΕκατέρα Κοινοτική Συνέλευσις έχει αρμοδιότητα, εν σχέσει προς την αντίστοιχον κοινότητα, να ασκεί, ενός των ορίων του Συντάγματος και υπό τους περιορισμούς της τρίτης παραγράφου του παρόντος άρθρου, νομοθετικήν εξουσίαν αποκλειστικώς και μόνον επί των κατωτέρω θεμάτων:
(α) επί πάντων των θρησκευτικών θεμάτων,
…
(δ) επί της συνθέσεως και των βαθμών δικαιοδοσίας των δικαστηρίων, των εκδικαζόντων αστικάς διαφοράς, αναφερομένας εις τον προσωπικόν θεσμόν και εις θρησκευτικά ζητήματα,
… (Αρθρον 87) - Turkish1. Cemaat Meclisleri, kendi Cemaatleri bakımından, bu Anayasanın sınırları içinde ve bu maddenin 3. fıkrası hükümleri saklı kalmak şartıyla, yalnız aşağıdaki konularda yasama gücünü kullanma hakkına sahiptir:
(a) bütün dini konular;
...
(d) şahsi hâl ve dini konular ile ilgili hukuk davalarına bakacak mahkemelerin yapı ve dereceleri;
... (Madde 87)
Religious Law
Ireland
- English1 The State acknowledges that the homage of public worship is due to Almighty God. It shall hold His Name in reverence, and shall respect and honour religion.
2 2° The State guarantees not to endow any religion.
… (Art. 44) - Irish Gaelic1 Admhaíonn an Stát go bhfuil ag dul do Dhia na nUilechumhacht é a adhradh le hómós go poiblí. Beidh urraim ag an Stát dá ainm, agus bhéarfaidh oirmhidin agus onóir do Chreideamh.
2 2° Ráthaíonn an Stát gan aon chóras creidimh a mhaoiniú.
… (Airteagal 44)
Religious Law
Iran, Islamic Republic of
- EnglishAll citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
- Persianهمه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد یکسان در حمایت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انسانی، سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی با رعایت موازین اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Religious Law
Portugal
- EnglishConstitutional revision laws must respect:
…
c) The separation between church and state;
… (Art. 288) - PortugueseAs leis de revisão constitucional terão de respeitar:
…
c) A separação das Igrejas do Estado;
... (Art. 288)
Religious Law
Jordan
- EnglishThe Tribunals of Religious Communities are the tribunals of the non-Muslim religious communities that have been or will be recognised by the Government as established in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. (Art. 108)
- Arabicمجالس الطوائف الدينية هي مجالس الطوائف الدينية غير المسلمة التي اعترفت أو تعترف الحكومة بأنها مؤسسة في المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية. (المادّة 108)
Religious Law
Samoa
- EnglishWHEREAS sovereignty over the Universe belongs to the Omni-present God alone, and the authority to be exercised by the people of Samoa within the limits prescribed by His commandments is a sacred heritage;
WHEREAS the Leaders of Samoa have declared that Samoa should be an Independent State based on Christian principles and Samoan custom and tradition;
… (Preamble) - SamoanONA o le pule aoao i le Lalolagi e i ai lea i le Atua na o Ia, e afio i mea uma lava ma o le pulega e faaaogaina e tagata o Samoa i totonu o tuaoi na faasinoina mai i Tulafono a le Atua o se tofi paia tuufaasolo;
ONA ua faaalia e Taitai o Samoa le tatau ona avea Samoa ma Malo Tutoatasi e faavaeina i luga o talitonuga faa-Kerisiano ma tu ma aganuu a Samoa;
… (Uputomua)
Religious Law
Malaysia
- English1. Except with respect to the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya, Islamic law and personal and family law of persons professing the religion of Islam, including the Islamic law relating to succession, testate and intestate, betrothal, marriage, divorce, dower, maintenance, adoption, legitimacy, guardianship, gifts, partitions and non-charitable trusts; Wakafs and the definition and regulation of charitable and religious trusts, the appointment of trustees and the incorporation of persons in respect of Islamic religious and charitable endowments, institutions, trusts, charities and charitable institutions operating wholly within the State; Malay customs; Zakat, Fitrah and Baitulmal or similar Islamic religious revenue; mosques or any Islamic public places of worship, creation and punishment of offences by persons professing the religion of Islam against precepts of that religion, except in regard to matters included in the Federal List; the constitution, organization and procedure of Syariah courts, which shall have jurisdiction only over persons professing the religion of Islam and in respect only of any of the matters included in this paragraph, but shall not have jurisdiction in respect of offences except in so far as conferred by federal law; the control of propagating doctrines and beliefs among persons professing the religion of Islam; the determination of matters of Islamic law and doctrine and Malay custom.
… (Ninth Schedule, Legislative Lists, List II—State List) - Malay1. Kecuali mengenai Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Labuan dan Putrajaya, hukum Syarak dan undang-undang diri dan keluarga bagi orang yang menganut agama Islam, termasuk hukum Syarak yang berhubungan dengan pewarisan, berwasiat dan tidak berwasiat, pertunangan, perkahwinan, perceraian, mas kahwin, nafkah, pengangkatan, kesahtarafan, penjagaan, alang, pecah milik dan amanah bukan khairat; Wakaf dan takrif serta pengawalseliaan amanah khairat dan agama, pelantikan pemegang amanah dan pemerbadanan orang berkenaan dengan derma kekal agama dan khairat, institusi, amanah, khairat dan institusi khairat Islam yang beroperasi keseluruhannya di dalam Negeri; adat Melayu; Zakat, Fitrah dan Baitulmal atau hasil agama Islam yang seumpamanya; masjid atau mana-mana tempat sembahyang awam untuk orang Islam, pewujudan dan penghukuman kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh orang yang menganut agama Islam terhadap perintah agama itu, kecuali berkenaan dengan perkara yang termasuk dalam Senarai Persekutuan; keanggotaan, susunan dan tatacara mahkamah Syariah, yang hendaklah mempunyai bidang kuasa hanya ke atas orang yang menganut agama Islam dan hanya berkenaan dengan mana-mana perkara yang termasuk dalam perenggan ini, tetapi tidak mempunyai bidang kuasa berkenaan dengan kesalahan kecuali setakat yang diberikan oleh undang-undang persekutuan; mengawal pengembangan doktrin dan kepercayaan di kalangan orang yang menganut agama Islam; penentuan perkara mengenai hukum dan doktrin Syarak dan adat Melayu.
… (Jadual Kesembilan, Senarai Perundangan, Senarai II—Senarai Negeri)