SEARCH DATABASE

The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

ABOUT 32 RESULTS

Citizenship and Nationality

Japan
  • English
    The conditions necessary for being a Japanese national shall be determined by law. (Art. 10)
  • Japanese
    日本国民たる要件は、法律でこれを定める。(第10条)

Education

Japan
  • English
    (1) All people shall have the right to receive an equal education correspondent to their ability, as provided by law.
    (2) All people shall be obligated to have all boys and girls under their protection receive ordinary education as provided for by law. Such compulsory education shall be free. (Art. 26)
  • Japanese
    １ すべて国民は、法律の定めるところにより、その能力に応じて、ひとしく教育を受ける権利を有する。
    ２ すべて国民は、法律の定めるところにより、その保護する子女に普通教育を受けさせる義務を負ふ。義務教育は、これを無償とする。(第26条)

Employment Rights and Protection

Japan
  • English
    (1) All people shall have the right and the obligation to work.
    (2) Standards for wages, hours, rest and other working conditions shall be fixed by law.
    (3) Children shall not be exploited. (Art. 27)
  • Japanese
    １ すべて国民は、勤労の権利を有し、義務を負ふ。
    ２　賃金、就業時間、休息その他の勤労条件に関する基準は、法律でこれを定める。
    ３　児童は、これを酷使してはならない。(第27条)

Employment Rights and Protection

Japan
  • English
    (1) Every person shall have freedom to choose and change his residence and to choose his occupation to the extent that it does not interfere with the public welfare.
    … (Art. 22)
  • Japanese
    １ 何人も、公共の福祉に反しない限り、居住、移転及び職業選択の自由を有する。
    … (第22条)

Equality and Non-Discrimination

Japan
  • English
    (1) All of the people are equal under the law and there shall be no discrimination in political, economic or social relations because of race, creed, sex, social status or family origin.
    … (Art. 14)
  • Japanese
    １　すべて国民は、法の下に平等であつて、人種、信条、性別、社会的身分又は門地により、政治的、経済的又は社会的関係において、差別されない。
    … (第14条)

Marriage and Family Life

Japan
  • English
    (1) Marriage shall be based only on the mutual consent of both sexes and it shall be maintained through mutual cooperation with the equal rights of husband and wife as a basis.
    (2) With regard to choice of spouse, property rights, inheritance, choice of domicile, divorce and other matters pertaining to marriage and the family, laws shall be enacted from the standpoint of individual dignity and the essential equality of the sexes. (Art. 24)
  • Japanese
    １婚姻は、両性の合意のみに基いて成立し、夫婦が同等の権利を有することを基本として、相互の協力により、維持されなければならない。
    ２配偶者の選択、財産権、相続、住居の選定、離婚並びに婚姻及び家族に関するその他の事項に関しては、法律は、個人の尊厳と両性の本質的平等に立脚して、制定されなければならない。(第24条)

Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure

Japan
  • English
    (1) The right to own or to hold property is inviolable.
    (2) Property rights shall be defined by law, in conformity with the public welfare.
    … (Art. 29)
  • Japanese
    １　財産権は、これを侵してはならない。
    ２　財産権の内容は、公共の福祉に適合するやうに、法律でこれを定める。
    … (第29条)

Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure

Japan
  • English
    ...
    (2) With regard to choice of spouse, property rights, inheritance, choice of domicile, divorce and other matters pertaining to marriage and the family, laws shall be enacted from the standpoint of individual dignity and the essential equality of the sexes. (Art. 24)
  • Japanese
    …
    ２　配偶者の選択、財産権、相続、住居の選定、離婚並びに婚姻及び家族に関するその他の事項に関しては、法律は、個人の尊厳と両性の本質的平等に立脚して、制定されなければならない。 (第24条)

Protection from Violence

Japan
  • English
    The infliction of torture by any public officer and cruel punishments are absolutely forbidden. (Art. 36)
  • Japanese
    公務員による拷問及び残虐な刑罰は、絶対にこれを禁ずる。 (第36条)

Protection from Violence

Japan
  • English
    …
    (3) Children shall not be exploited. (Art. 27)
  • Japanese
    …
    ３　児童は、これを酷使してはならない。(第27条)