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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English1. The National Government shall establish independent institutions and commissions as provided for by this Constitution. Such institutions and commissions shall perform their functions and duties impartially and without interference from any person or authority.
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3. The National Government shall ensure that at least twenty-five percent of the membership of each of these institutions and commissions shall be women. (Art. 142)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) All persons shall be equal before the law.
(2) A person shall not be discriminated against on grounds of gender, race, colour, ethnic origin, religion, creed or social or economic status.
(3) For the purposes of this article, "discriminate" means to give different treatment to different persons attributable only or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, gender, occupation, religion or creed, whereby persons of one description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another description which are not granted of persons of another description are not made subject or are granted privileges or advantages which are not granted to persons of another description.
(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from enacting laws that are reasonably necessary to provide-
(a) for the implementation of policies and programmes aimed at redressing social, economic or educational imbalance in the Ghanaian society;
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(d) for making different provision for different communities having regard to their special circumstances not being provision which is inconsistent with the spirit of this Constitution.
... (Art. 17)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe public powers see to the elimination of any form of discrimination concerning women and assure the protection and the promotion of their rights.
They take, in all the domains, notably in the civil, political, economic, social and cultural domains, all the measures appropriate to assure the total realization and full participation of women in the development of the Nation.
They take measures to struggle against all forms of violence made against women in public and in private life.
Women have the right to an equitable representation within the national, provincial and local institutions. The State guarantees the implementation of man-woman parity in these said institutions.
The law establishes the modalities of application of these rights. (Art. 14) - FrenchLes pouvoirs publics veillent à l’élimination de toute forme de discrimination à l’égard de la femme et assurent la protection et la promotion de ses droits.
Ils prennent, dans tous les domaines, notamment dans les domaines civil, politique, économique, social et culturel, toutes les mesures appropriées pour assurer le total épanouissement et la pleine participation de la femme au développement de la nation.
Ils prennent des mesures pour lutter contre toute forme de violences faites à la femme dans la vie publique et dans la vie privée.
La femme a droit à une représentation équitable au sein des institutions nationales, provinciales et locales.
L’Etat garantit la mise en oeuvre de la parité homme-femme dans lesdites institutions.
La loi fixe les modalités d’application de ces droits. (Art. 14)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
3. The historical legacy of inequality and discrimination suffered by women in Ethiopia taken into account, women, in order to remedy this legacy, are entitled to affirmative measures. The purpose of such measures shall be to provide special attention to women so as to enable them to compete and participate on the basis of equality with men in political, social and economic life as well as in public and private institutions.
… (Art. 35) - Amharic…
3. ሴቶች በበታችነትና በልዩነት በመታየታቸው የደረሰባቸውን የታሪክ ቅርስ ከግምት ውስጥ በማስገባት ይህ ቅርስ እንዲታረምላቸው በተጨማሪ የድጋፍ እርምጃዎች ተጠቃሚ የመሆን መብት አላቸው፡፡ በዚህ በኩል የሚወሰዱት እርምጃዎች ዓላማ በፖለቲካዊ፣ በማኅበራዊና በኢኮኖሚያዊ መስኮች እንዲሁም በመንግሥት እና በግል ተቋሞች ውስጥ ሴቶች ከወንዶች ጋር በእኩልነት ተወዳዳሪና ተሳታፊ እንዲሆኑ ለማድረግ እንዲቻል ልዩ ትኩረት ለመስጠት ነው፡፡
… (አንቀጽ 35)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
(2) Members of the Zimbabwe Land Commission must—
(a) be chosen for their integrity and competence in, and knowledge and understanding of, the best practices in land management and administration; and
(b) reflect the diversity of Zimbabwe’s population, in particular its regional interests and gender balance.
… (Sec. 296)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe Senate is provided with the following competences:
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5. Controlling the application of the constitutional provisions by demanding [exigeant] the ethnic and gender representativeness and the equilibrium within all the structures and institutions of the State, notably the public administration and the Corps of Defense and of Security;
… (Art. 192) - KirundiInama nkenguzamateka ifise ububasha bukurikira:
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5. kugenzura ko ibitegekanijwe n’Ibwirizwa shingiro vyerekeye ingene amoko n’ibitsina biserukiwe bikwiye mu nzego zose za Leta na cane cane mu kazi ka Leta, mu ntwaramiheto no mu bajejwe umutekano ;
… (Ingingo ya 192) - FrenchLe Sénat est doté des compétences suivantes :
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5. Contrôler l’application des dispositions constitutionnelles exigeant la représentativité ethnique et de genre et l’équilibre dans toutes les structures et les institutions de l’Etat notamment l’administration publique et les corps de défense et de sécurité ;
… (Art. 192)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
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The law favors the equal access and the participation of women and men in public employment and to the functions in the domain of the political, economical and social life. (Art. 6) - French
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La loi favorise l’égal accès et la participation des femmes et des hommes aux emplois publics et aux fonctions dans le domaine de la vie politique, économique et sociale. (Art. 6)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe State and the Autonomous Collectivities create the conditions and the institutions which assure and guarantee … the promotion of gender … (Art. 40)
- Arabicتهيئ الدولة والجماعات المستقلة الظروف والمؤسسات التي تؤمن وتضمن... تعزيز المنظور الجنساني ... (المادة 40)
- FrenchL'Etat et les Collectivités Autonomes créent les conditions et les institutions qui assurent et garantissent … la promotion du genre … (Art. 40)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe woman has the same rights as the man.
The law guarantees parity and assures the promotion as well as the representativeness of women in all political, elective and administrative functions. (Art. 17) - FrenchLa femme a les mêmes droits que l’homme.
La loi garantit la parité et assure la promotion ainsi que la représentativité de la femme à toutes les fonctions politiques, électives et administratives. (Art. 17)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
The State of Rwanda commits itself to upholding and ensuring respect for the following fundamental principles:
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(d) building a State governed by the rule of law, a pluralistic democratic Government, equality of all Rwandans and between women and men which is affirmed by women occupying at least 30% of positions in decision-making organs;
… (Art. 10) - Kinyarwanda
Leta y’u Rwanda yiyemeje kugendera ku mahame remezo akurikira no gutuma yubahirizwa:
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(d) kubaka Leta igendera ku mategeko n’ubutegetsi bwa demokarasi ishingiye ku bitekerezo bya politiki binyuranye, uburinganire bw’Abanyarwanda bose n’ubw’abagore n’abagabo bushimangirwa n’uko abagore bagira nibura 30% by’imyanya mu nzego zifatirwamo ibyemezo;
… (Ingingo ya 10) - French
L’Etat du Rwanda s’engage à se conformer aux principes fondamentaux suivants et à les faire respecter:
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(d) l’édification d’un État de droit et d’un régime démocratique pluraliste, l’égalité de tous les Rwandais et l’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes reflétée par l’attribution aux femmes d’au moins 30% des postes dans les instances de prise de décisions;
… (Art. 10)