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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Customary Law
Nepal
- English…
(2) The social and cultural objective of the State shall be to build a civilized and egalitarian society by eliminating all forms of discrimination, exploitation and injustice on the grounds of religion, culture, tradition, usage, custom, practice or on any other similar grounds,
… (Art. 50) - Nepali…
(२) धर्म, संस्कृति, संस्कार, प्रथा, परम्परा, प्रचलन वा अन्य कुनै पनि आधारमा हुने सबै प्रकारका विभेद, शोषण र अन्यायको अन्त्य गरी सभ्य र समतामूलक समाजको निर्माण गर्ने राज्यको सामाजिक र सांस्कृतिक उद्देश्य हुनेछ ।
... (धारा ५०)
Customary Law
Cyprus
- English1. A communal law made by the Communal Chamber concerned shall, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, provide for the establishment, composition and jurisdiction of courts to deal with civil disputes relating to personal status and to religious matters which are reserved for the competence of the Communal Chambers by the provisions of this Constitution.
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3. Any such court as aforesaid in the exercise of its jurisdiction, shall apply the laws made by the Communal Chamber concerned: Provided that nothing in this paragraph contained shall preclude a court of the Republic from applying in a case, where an issue relating to personal status or to religious matters is raised incidentally, the relevant communal law. (Art. 160) - Greek1. Tηρουμένων των διατάξεων του Συντάγματος, κοινοτικός νόμος, ψηφιζόμενος υπό Kοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως, θέλει προβλέψει περί της ιδρύσεως, της συνθέσεως και της δικαιοδοσίας δικαστηρίων, άτινα θα δικάζωσι τας αστικάς διαφοράς, τας αφορώσας εις τον προσωπικόν θεσμόν και εις θρησκευτικά ζητήματα, τα οποία υπάγονται κατά τας διατάξεις του Συντάγματος εις την αρμοδιότητα των Kοινοτικών Συνελεύσεων.
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3. Eν τη ενασκήσει της δικαιοδοσίας αυτών τα ανωτέρω δικαστήρια εφαρμόζουσι τούς υπέρ της οικείας Kοινοτικής Συνελεύσεως ψηφιζομένους νόμους’ αι διατάξεις όμως της παραγράφου ταύτης δεν αποκλείουσι το δικαίωμα δικαστηρίου της Δημοκρατίας να εφαρμόση τον σχετικόν κοινοτικόν νόμον επί υποθέσεως, καθ’ ην παρεμπιπτόντως εγείρεται ζήτημα προσωπικού θεσμού ή θρησκευτικόν ζήτημα. (Αρθρον 160) - Turkish1. Shall ilgili Ortak Ticaret Odası tarafından yapılan ortak bir kanunu, bu Anayasa hükümleri, kuruluş, kişisel durum ve Cemaat meclisleri yeterliliği için bu Anayasa hükümlerine göre ayrılmış olan dini konularla ilgili sivil anlaşmazlıklar ile başa çıkmak için mahkemelerin, kompozisyon ve yargı sağlar.
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3. Bu paragrafta yer alan hiçbir şey, Cumhuriyet Mahkemesinin, kişisel statü veya dini konularla ilgili bir sorunun tesadüfen ortaya çıktığı bir davada başvurmasını engellememesi koşuluyla, ilgili Topluluk Yasası tarafından yapılan yasaları uygulayacaktır. (Madde 160)
Customary Law
Kyrgyzstan
- EnglishThe citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic shall have the right to establish the courts of aksakaly [elders]. The competences, the procedures of establishment and the activity of the courts of aksakaly [elders] shall be defined by the law. (Art. 59)
- RussianВ Кыргызской Республике граждане вправе учреждать суды аксакалов. Порядок учреждения судов аксакалов, их полномочия и деятельность определяются законом. (Статья 59)
- KyrgyzКыргыз Республикасында жарандар аксакалдар сотторун уюштурууга укуктуу. Аксакалдар сотторун уюштуруу тартиби, алардын ыйгарым укуктары жана иштеши мыйзам менен аныкталат. (59-берене)
Customary Law
Malaysia
- English…
(5) Notwithstanding anything in Article 152, in the State of Sabah or Sarawak a native language in current use in the State may be used in native courts or for any code of native law and custom, and in the case of Sarawak, until otherwise provided by enactment of the Legislature, may be used by a member addressing the Legislative Assembly or any committee thereof. (Art. 161) - Malay…
(5) Walau apa pun apa-apa jua dalam Perkara 152, di dalam Negeri Sabah dan Sarawak sesuatu bahasa ibunda yang pada masa ini digunakan di Negeri itu boleh digunakan di dalam mahkamah anak negeri atau bagi apa-apa kanun undang-undang dan adat anak negeri, dan dalam hal Sarawak, sehingga diperuntukkan selainnya melalui enakmen Badan Perundangan, bahasa ibunda itu boleh digunakan oleh ahli apabila berucap di dalam Dewan Undangan atau mana-mana jawatankuasanya. (Perkara 161)
Customary Law
Jordan
- EnglishThe State shall safeguard the free exercise of the rites of religions and creeds in accordance with the customs observed in the Kingdom, if such is not inconsistent with public order or morality. (Art. 14)
- Arabicتحمي الدولة حرية القيام بشعائر الأديان والعقائد طبقاً للعادات المرعية في المملكة ما لم تكن مخلة بالنظام العام او منافية للاداب. (المادة 14)
Customary Law
India
- English(1) The Regional Council for an autonomous region in respect of all areas within such region and the District Council for an autonomous district in respect of all areas within the district except those which are under the authority of Regional Councils, if any, within the district shall have power to make laws with respect to—
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(j) social customs.
… (Sixth Schedule: Provisions as to the Administration of Tribal Areas in the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram, Art. 3) - Hindi(1) किसी स्वायत्त क्षेत्र के लिए क्षेत्रीय परिषद के पास ऐसे क्षेत्र के अंदर और एक स्वायत्त जिले के लिए जिला परिषद के पास उस जिले के अंदर क्षेत्रीय परिषदों के प्राधिकार में आने वाले क्षेत्रों, यदि कोई हों, को छोड़ कर उस जिले के अंदर सभी क्षेत्रों के संबंध में निम्नलिखित के संबंध में कानून बनाने का अधिकार होगा—
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(ञ) सामाजिक प्रथाएँ।
… (छठी अनुसूची: असम, मेघालय, त्रिपुरा और मिजोरम में जनजातीय क्षेत्रों के प्रशासन के संबंध में प्रावधान, अनुच्छेद 3)
Customary Law
Timor-Leste
- English…
4. The State shall recognise and value the norms and customs of East Timor that are not contrary to the Constitution and to any legislation dealing specifically with customary law. (Sec. 2) - Tetum…
4. Estadu rekoñese no valoriza norma no lisan rai-Timór nian ne’ebé la’ós kontra Lei-Inan no mós lejizlasaun seluk tan ne’ebé ko’alia kona-ba direitu ne’ebé mai husi lisan no toman. (Art. 2) - Portuguese…
4. O Estado reconhece e valoriza as normas e os usos costumeiros de Timor-Leste que não contrariem a Constituição e a legislação que trate especialmente do direito costumeiro. (Art. 2)
Customary Law
Brunei Darussalam
- English(1) There shall be established a Majlis Mesyuarat Adat Istiadat (to be known in English as the Adat Istiadat Council) which shall consist of a Chairman and other members, all of whom shall be appointed by His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan and hold office during His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan’s pleasure.
(2) The Adat Istiadat Council shall be the authority responsible for advising His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan on matters relating to Adat Istiadat or State custom:
Provided that His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan is not bound to act in accordance with the advice of the Adat Istiadat Council.
... (Sec. 3A) - Malay(1) Hendaklah diadakan Majlis Mesyuarat Adat Istiadat yang terdiri daripada seorang Pengerusi dan ahli-ahli lain, yang kesemuanya dilantik oleh Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan dan memegang jawatan selama tempoh selagi diperkenankan oleh Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan.
(2) Majlis Mesyuarat Adat Istiadat adalah badan yang bertanggungjawab untuk menyembahkan nasihat ke hadapan majlis Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan mengenai perkara-perkara yang berhubung dengan Adat Istiadat Negara: Dengan syarat bahawa Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan tidak terikat untuk bertindak menurut nasihat Majlis Mesyuarat Adat Istiadat.
... (Sec. 3A)
Customary Law
Nepal
- English…
(6) No child shall be recruited or used in army, police or any armed group, or be subjected, in the name of cultural or religious traditions, to abuse, exclusion or physical, mental, sexual or other form of exploitation or improper use by any means or in any manner.
… (Art. 39) - Nepali…
(६) कुनै पनि बालबालिकालाई सेना, प्रहरी वा सशस्त्र समूहमा भर्ना वा प्रयोग गर्न वा सांस्कृतिक वा धार्मिक प्रचलनका नाममा कुनै पनि माध्यम वा प्रकारले दुव्र्यवहार, उपेक्षा वा शारीरिक, मानसिक, यौनजन्य वा अन्य कुनै प्रकारको शोषण गर्न वा अनुचित प्रयोग गर्न पाइने छैन ।
... (धारा ३९)
Customary Law
Cyprus
- English1. The Communal Chambers shall, in relation to their respective Community, have competence to exercise within the limits of this Constitution and subject to paragraph 3 of this Article, legislative power solely with regard to the following matters:—
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c. personal status;
d. The composition and instances (βαθμούς δικαιοδοσίας - dereceleri) of courts dealing with civil disputes relating to personal status and to religious matters;
… (Art. 87) - GreekΕκατέρα Κοινοτική Συνέλευσις έχει αρμοδιότητα, εν σχέσει προς την αντίστοιχον κοινότητα, να ασκεί, ενός των ορίων του Συντάγματος και υπό τους περιορισμούς της τρίτης παραγράφου του παρόντος άρθρου, νομοθετικήν εξουσίαν αποκλειστικώς και μόνον επί των κατωτέρω θεμάτων:
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(γ) επί του προσωπικού θεσμού,
(δ) επί της συνθέσεως και των βαθμών δικαιοδοσίας των δικαστηρίων, των εκδικαζόντων αστικάς διαφοράς, αναφερομένας εις τον προσωπικόν θεσμόν και εις θρησκευτικά ζητήματα,
… (Αρθρον 87) - Turkish1. Topluluk odaları, kendi Topluluklarıyla ilgili olarak, bu Anayasanın sınırları dahilinde ve bu maddenin 3. paragrafına tabi olarak, yalnızca AŞAĞIDAKİLERLE ilgili yasama yetkisine sahip olacaktır matters:-
...
c. kişisel durum;
d. kişisel statü ve dini konularla ilgili medeni uyuşmazlıklarla ilgilenen mahkemelerin bileşimi ve örnekleri;
...(Madde 87)