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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Subject to Clause (9), the Federal Government may, upon application made by any person of or over the age of twenty-one years who is not a citizen, grant a certificate of naturalization to that person if satisfied—
(a) that—
(i) he has resided in the Federation for the required periods and intends, if the certificate is granted, to do so permanently;
(ii) (repealed);
(b) that he is of good character; and
(c) that he has an adequate knowledge of the Malay language.
… (Art. 19) - Malay(1) Tertakluk kepada Fasal (9), apabila permohonan dibuat oleh mana-mana orang yang berumur dua puluh satu tahun atau lebih yang bukan warganegara, maka Kerajaan Persekutuan boleh memberi orang itu suatu perakuan naturalisasi jika Kerajaan Persekutuan berpuas hati—
(a) bahawa—
(i) dia telah bermastautin di Persekutuan selama tempoh yang dikehendaki dan berniat hendak berbuat demikian secara tetap jika diberi perakuan itu;
(ii) (Dimansuhkan);
(b) bahawa dia berkelakuan baik; dan
(c) bahawa dia mempunyai pengetahuan yang memadai dalam bahasa Melayu.
… (Perkara 19)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishImmigration and Emigration and Citizenship
This would include –
(a) Citizenship, Naturalization and Aliens;
… (Ninth Schedule, List II, Reserved List) - Sinhalaආගමනය හා විගමනය සහ පුරවැසිභාවය
මෙයට පහත දැක්වෙන විෂයයන් ඇතුළත් වේ:-
(අ) පුරවැසිභාවය, පුරවැසිභාවයට ඇතුළත් කිරීම සහ විදේශිකයෝ;
… (නව වෙනි උපලේඛනය, II වෙනි ලැයිස්තුව, සංවෘත ලැයිස්තු)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe law shall regulate the Syrian Arab citizenship. (Art. 48)
- Arabicينظم القانون الجنسية العربية السورية. (المادّة 48)
Education
- EnglishEducation is the right of all citizens of Afghanistan, which shall be offered up to the B.A. level in the state educational institutes free of charge by the state. To expand balanced education as well as to provide mandatory intermediate education throughout Afghanistan, the state shall design and implement effective programs and prepare the ground for teaching mother tongues in areas where they are spoken. (Art. 43)
- Dariتعلیم حق تمام اتباع افغانستان است كه تا درجه لیسانس در مؤسسات تعلیمی دولتی به صورت رایگان از طرف دولت تأمین می گردد. دولت مكلف است به منظور تعمیم متوازن معارف در تمام افغانستان، تأمین تعلیمات متوسطۀ اجباری، پروگرام مؤثر طرح و تطبیق نماید و زمینه تدریس زبانهای مادری را در مناطقی كه به آنها تكلم می كنند فراهم كند. (مادۀ ۴۳)
- Pashtoزده كړه د افغانستان د ټولو اتباعو حق دى چې د ليسانس تر درجې پورې و ړيا د دولت له خوا تأمينيږي. دولت مكلف دى چې په ټول افغانستان كې د متوازن معارف د عامولو او د منځنيو اجباري زده كړو د تأمين لپاره اغېزمن پروگرام طرح او تطبيق كړي او د مورنيو ژبو د تدريس لپاره په هغو سيمو كي چې پرې خبرې كېږي لاره هواره كړي. (۴۳ ماده)
Education
- English
…
8. Basic and secondary education
... (Schedule 8, List of Local Level Powers) - Nepali
…
(८) आधारभूत र माध्यमिक शिक्षा
... (अनुसूची–८, स्थानीय तहको अधिकारको सूची)
Education
- English…
(2) No citizen shall be denied admission into any educational institution maintained by the State or receiving aid out of State funds on grounds only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them. (Art. 29) - Hindi…
(2) राज्य द्वारा पोषित या राज्य-निधि से सहायता पाने वाली किसी शिक्षा संस्था में प्रवेश से किसी भी नागरिक को केवल धर्म, मूलवंश, जाति, भाषा या इनमें से किसी के आधार पर वंचित नहीं किया जाएगा। (अनुच्छेद 29)
Education
- English
...
– Education is a right for every citizen. Its objective is to build the Omani character, preserve the national identity, inculcate the scientific method in thinking, develop talents, encourage innovation, consolidate civilised and spiritual values, and anchor the notions of citizenship, tolerance, and harmony.
– Education is compulsory throughout the primary education level. The state shall encourage the establishment of private schools and institutes under the supervision of the state in accordance with the provisions of the law.
– The state shall endeavour to combat illiteracy.
– The state shall ... facilitate admission to higher education equally for all on the basis of competency and merit, encourage the establishment of private and community universities, and guarantee that the quality of education in those universities is in line with international quality standards.
... (Art. 16) - Arabic
...
– التعليم حق لكل مواطن، هدفه بناء الشخصية العمانية، والحفاظ على الهوية الوطنية، وتأصيل المنهج العلمي في التفكير، وتنمية المواهب، وتشجيع الابتكار، وترسيخ القيم الحضارية والروحية، وإرساء مفاهيم المواطنة والتسامح والتآلف.
– التعليم إلزامي حتى نهاية مرحلة التعليم الأساسي، وتشجع الدولة إنشاء المدارس والمعاهد الخاصة بإشراف من الدولة، وفقا لأحكام القانون.
– وتعمل الدولة على مكافحة الأمية.
...
– الدولة ... وتيسير القبول للتعليم العالي أمام الجميع على قدم المساواة على أساس الكفاءة والجدارة، والعمل على تشجيع إنشاء الجامعات الخاصة، والأهلية، وتضمن الدولة جودة التعليم في تلك الجامعات بما يتفق ومعايير الجودة العالمية.
… (المادّة ١٦)
Education
- EnglishThe state develops socialist educational undertakings and works to raise the scientific and cultural level of the whole nation.
The state runs schools of various types, makes primary education compulsory and universal, develops secondary, vocational and higher education and promotes pre-school education.
The state develops educational facilities of various types in order to wipe out illiteracy and provide political, cultural, scientific, technical and professional education for workers, peasants, state functionaries and other working people. It encourages people to become educated through independent study.
... (Art. 19) - Chinese国家发展社会主义的教育事业,提高全国人民的科学文化水平。
国家举办各种学校,普及初等义务教育,发展中等教育、职业教育和高等教育,并且发展学前教育。
国家发展各种教育设施,扫除文盲,对工人、农民、国家工作人员和其他劳动者进行政治、文化、科学、技术、业务的教育,鼓励自学成才。
... (第十九条)
Education
- English1. Development of education is a primary national policy for the purposes of elevating the people's intellectual standards, training human resources and fostering talents.
2. The State shall prioritise investment in and attraction of other investment sources for education; take care of pre-school education; guarantee compulsory primary education which is free of charge; gradually universalise secondary education; develop higher education and vocational education and provide an appropriate policy for scholarship and tuition.
3. The State shall prioritise the educational development in mountainous and island areas, (regions inhabited by ethnic minority people) and in regions that have extremely difficult socio-economic conditions; shall prioritise employment and development of the talented and provide favourable conditions for the disabled and the poor to access education and vocational learning. (Art. 61) - Vietnamese1. Phát triển giáo dục là quốc sách hàng đầu nhằm nâng cao dân trí, phát triển nguồn nhân lực, b i dưỡng nhân tài.
2. Nhà nước ưu tiên đầu tư và thu hút các nguồn đầu tư khác cho giáo dục; chăm lo giáo dục mầm non; bảo đảm giáo dục tiểu học là bắt buộc, Nhà nước không thu học phí; từng bước phổ cập giáo dục trung học; phát triển giáo dục đại học, giáo dục nghề nghiệp; thực hiện chính sách học bổng, học phí hợp lý.
3. Nhà nước ưu tiên phát triển giáo dục ở miền núi, hải đảo, vùng đồng bào dân tộc thiểu số và vùng có điều kiện kinh tế - xã hội đặc biệt khó khan; ưu tiên sử dụng, phát triển nhân tài; tạo điều kiện để người khuyết tật và người nghèo được học văn hoá và học nghề. (Điều 61)
Education
- English
Until the children are of age, parents and guardians shall be obliged to support them, take care of their upbringing, education and healthy, full and harmonious development.
… (Art. 77) - Uzbek
Ota-onalar va ularning o‘rnini bosuvchi shaxslar o‘z farzandlarini voyaga yetguniga qadar boqishi, ularning tarbiyasi, ta’lim olishi, sog‘lom, to‘laqonli va har tomonlama kamol topishi xususida g‘amxo‘rlik qilishga majburdirlar.
... (77-modda)