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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. A child born to citizens of the Republic of Armenia shall be a citizen of the Republic of Armenia.
2. Every child whose one parent is a citizen of the Republic of Armenia shall have the right to acquire citizenship of the Republic of Armenia.
3. Armenians by ethnicity shall have the right to acquire citizenship of the Republic of Armenia from the moment of establishing residence in the Republic Armenia.
4. Armenians by ethnicity shall acquire citizenship of the Republic of Armenia through a simplified procedure stipulated by law.
5. A citizen of the Republic of Armenia may not be deprived of citizenship. A citizen of the Republic of Armenia may not be deprived of the right to change citizenship.
6. The procedure of exercising the rights stipulated by this Article, the other grounds of acquiring citizenship of the Republic of Armenia, and the grounds of termination shall be stipulated by law.
7. The rights stipulated by Part 2-4 and by the second sentence of Part 5 of this Article may be restricted only by law with the aim of protecting state security, preventing or solving crimes, as well as protecting other public interests.
8. Citizens of the Republic of Armenia, while outside of the borders of the Republic of Armenia, shall be under the protection of the Republic of Armenia on the basis of international law. (Art. 47) - Armenian1. Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացիներից ծնված երեխան Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացի է:
2. Յուրաքանչյուր երեխա, որի ծնողներից մեկը Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացի է, ունի Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացիություն ձեռք բերելու իրավունք:
3. Ազգությամբ հայերը Հայաստանի Հանրապետությունում բնակություն հաստատելու պահից ունեն Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացիություն ձեռք բերելու իրավունք:
4. Ազգությամբ հայերը Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացիությունը ձեռք են բերում օրենքով սահմանված պարզեցված կարգով:
5. Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացին չի կարող զրկվել քաղաքացիությունից: Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացին չի կարող զրկվել քաղաքացիությունը փոխելու իրավունքից:
6. Սույն հոդվածով սահմանված իրավունքների իրականացման կարգը, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացիության ձեռքբերման այլ հիմքերը, ինչպես նաև դադարեցման հիմքերը սահմանվում են օրենքով:
7. Սույն հոդվածի 2-4-րդ մասերով, ինչպես նաև 5-րդ մասի 2-րդ նախադասությամբ սահմանված իրավունքները կարող են սահմանափակվել միայն օրենքով` պետական անվտանգության, հանցագործությունների կանխման կամ բացահայտման, ինչպես նաև այլ հանրային շահերի պաշտպանության նպատակով:
8. Հայաստանի Հանրապետության քաղաքացիները Հայաստանի Հանրապետության սահմաններից դուրս, միջազգային իրավունքի հիման վրա, Հայաստանի Հանրապետության պաշտպանության ներքո են: (Հոդված 47)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe citizens of the UAE shall have a single nationality specified by law and shall enjoy abroad the protection of the Federal Government in accordance with the generally-accepted international principles.
A citizen’s nationality may not be divested or withdrawn except as may be provided in law. (Art. 8) - Arabicيكون لمواطني الاتحاد جنسية واحدة يحددها القانون، ويتمتعون في الخارج بحماية حكومة الاتحاد وفقا للأصول الدولية المرعية
لا يجوز إسقاط الجنسية عن المواطن، أﻭ ﺳﺤﺒﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ، اﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﻻﺕ اﻻﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ التي ينص عليها القانون (المادّة 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Any citizen of Singapore of or over the age of 21 years and of sound mind who is also or is about to become a citizen of another country may renounce his citizenship of Singapore by declaration registered by the Government, and shall upon such registration cease to be a citizen of Singapore.
(2) The Government may withhold the registration of a declaration under this Article —
(a) if the declaration is made during any war in which Singapore is engaged; or
(b) if the declaration is made by a person subject to the Enlistment Act (Cap. 93) unless he has —
(i) discharged his liability for full-time service under section 12 of that Act;
(ii) rendered at least 3 years of operationally ready national service under section 13 of that Act in lieu of such full-time service; or
(iii) complied with such conditions as may be determined by the Government.
(3) This Article applies to a woman under the age of 21 years who has been married as it applies to a person of or over that age. (Art. 128)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English…
4. Nationality, citizenship and naturalisation.
… (Fourth Schedule, Federal Legislative List, Part I) - Urdu…
(۴) قومیت، شہریت اور عطائے حقوق شہریت۔
…(جدول چہارم، وفاقی قانون کی فہرست، حصہ اول)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishAt the commencement of this Constitution, every person who has his domicile in the territory of India and—
(a) who was born in the territory of India; or
(b) either of whose parents was born in the territory of India; or
(c) who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement,
shall be a citizen of India. (Art. 5) - Hindiइस संविधान के प्रारंभ पर प्रत्येक व्यक्ति जिसका भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में अधिवास है और—
(क) जो भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
(ख) जिसके माता या पिता में से कोई भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
(ग) जो ऐसे प्रारंभ से ठीक पहले कम से कम पाँच वर्ष तक भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में मामूली तौर से निवासी रहा है,
भारत का नागरिक होगा। (अनुच्छेद 5)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English...
6. Any notice to be given by the Minister to any person under Article 133(1) may be sent to that person at his last known address or, in the case of a person under the age of 18 years (not being a married woman) to his parent or guardian at the last known address of the parent or guardian; and if an address at which the notice may be sent to any person under this paragraph is not known and cannot after reasonable inquiry be ascertained, the notice may be given by publication in the Gazette.
…
15. (1) For the purposes of Part X, references to a person’s father or to his parent or to one of his parents shall, in relation to a person who is illegitimate, be construed as references to his mother.
… (Third Schedule)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Any citizen of or over the age of twenty-one years and of sound mind who is also or is about to become a citizen of another country may renounce his citizenship of the Federation by declaration registered by the Federal Government, and shall thereupon cease to be a citizen.
(2) A declaration made under this Article during any war in which the Federation is engaged shall not be registered except with the approval of the Federal Government.
(3) This Article applies to a woman under the age of twenty-one years who has been married as it applies to a person of or over that age. (Art. 23) - Malay(1) Mana-mana warganegara yang berumur dua puluh satu tahun atau lebih dan yang sempurna akal yang juga ialah seorang warganegara negara lain atau yang hampir menjadi seorang warganegara negara lain boleh melepaskan kewarganegaraannya bagi Persekutuan melalui akuan yang didaftarkan oleh Kerajaan Persekutuan, dan hendaklah sesudah itu terhenti menjadi warganegara.
(2) Akuan yang dibuat di bawah Perkara ini dalam masa apa-apa peperangan yang dalamnya Persekutuan terlibat tidaklah boleh didaftarkan kecuali dengan kelulusan Kerajaan Persekutuan.
(3) Perkara ini terpakai bagi seseorang perempuan yang di bawah umur dua puluh satu tahun yang telah berkahwin sebagaimana Perkara ini terpakai bagi seseorang yang berumur dua puluh satu tahun atau lebih. (Perkara 23)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishNothing in the foregoing provisions of this Part shall derogate from the power of Parliament to make any provision with respect to the acquisition and termination of citizenship and all other matters relating to citizenship. (Art. 11)
- Hindiइस भाग के पूर्वगामी उपबंधों की कोई बात नागरिकता के अर्जन और समाप्ति के तथा नागरिकता से संबंधित अन्य सभी विषयों के संबंध में उपबंध करने की संसद की शक्ति का अल्पीकरण नहीं करेगी। (अनुच्छेद 11)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
(1) The persons who have obtained the citizenship of Nepal at the time of commencement of this Constitution and who are qualified to obtain citizenship in accordance with this Part shall be the citizens of Nepal.
(2) The following person who has his or her permanent domicile in Nepal at the time of commencement of this Constitution shall be the citizen of Nepal by descent:-
(a) A person who has obtained the citizenship of Nepal by descent prior to the commencement of this Constitution;
(b) A person whose father or mother was a citizen of Nepal at the time of his or her birth.
(3) A child of a citizen having obtained the citizenship of Nepal by virtue of birth prior to the commencement of this Constitution shall, upon attaining the age of majority, acquire the citizenship of Nepal by descent in case the child's father and mother both are citizens of Nepal.
(4) Every minor who is found within Nepal and the whereabouts of whose father and mother are not known shall, until the father or the mother of the child is traced, be a citizen of Nepal by descent.
(5) A person who is born in Nepal to a woman who is a citizen of Nepal and has resided in Nepal and whose father is not traced shall be provided with the citizenship of Nepal by descent.
Provided that in case his or her father is held to be a foreign citizen, the citizenship of such person shall be converted into naturalized citizenship as provided for in the federal law.
(6) A foreign woman who has a matrimonial relationship with a citizen of Nepal may, in case she so desires, acquire the naturalized citizenship of Nepal as provided for in the federal law.
(7) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Article, in the case of a person born to a woman who is a citizen of Nepal and married to a foreign citizen, the person may acquire the naturalized citizenship of Nepal in accordance with the federal law in case he or she has permanently resided in Nepal and has not acquired the citizenship of a foreign country.
Provided that in case such person's mother and father both are citizens of Nepal at the time of acquisition of citizenship, such person born in Nepal may acquire the citizenship of Nepal by descent.
(8) In the cases other than those referred to in this Article, the Government of Nepal may, in accordance with the federal law, grant the naturalized citizenship of Nepal.
(9) The Government of Nepal may, in accordance with the federal law, grant the honorary citizenship of Nepal.
(10) Whenever any territory is acquired by way of incorporation into Nepal, a person having his or her domicile within such territory shall, subject to the federal law, become a citizen of Nepal. (Art. 11) - Nepali
(१) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुँदाका बखत नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेका र यस भाग बमोजिम नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्न योग्य व्यक्तिहरू नेपालको नागरिक हुनेछन् ।
(२) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुँदाका बखत नेपालमा स्थायी बसोवास भएको देहायको व्यक्ति वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिक ठहर्नेछः–
(क) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुनुभन्दा अघि वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेको व्यक्ति ।
(ख) कुनै व्यक्तिको जन्म हुँदाका बखत निजको बाबु वा आमा नेपालको नागरिक रहेछ भने त्यस्तो व्यक्ति ।
(३) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुनुभन्दा अघि जन्मको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेको नागरिकको सन्तानले बाबु र आमा दुवै नेपालको नागरिक रहेछन् भने निज बालिग भएपछि वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्नेछ ।
(४) नेपालभित्र फेला परेको पितृत्व र मातृत्वको ठेगान नभएको प्रत्येक नाबालक निजको बाबु वा आमा फेला नपरेसम्म वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिक ठहर्नेछ ।
(५) नेपालको नागरिक आमाबाट नेपालमा जन्म भई नेपालमा नै बसोबास गरेको र बाबुको पहिचान हुन नसकेको व्यक्तिलाई वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्रदान गरिनेछ । तर बाबु विदेशी नागरिक भएको ठहरेमा त्यस्तो व्यक्तिको नागरिकता संघीय कानून बमोजिम अंगीकृत नागरिकतामा परिणत हुनेछ ।
(६) नेपाली नागरिकसँग वैवाहिक सम्बन्ध कायम गरेकी विदेशी महिलाले चाहेमा संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको अंगीकृत नागरिकता लिनसक्नेछ ।
(७) यस धारामा अन्यत्र जुनसुकै कुरा लेखिएको भए तापनि विदेशी नागरिकसँग विवाह गरेकी नेपाली महिला नागरिकबाट जन्मिएको व्यक्तिको हकमा निज नेपालमा नै स्थायी बसोबास गरेको र निजले विदेशी मुलुकका नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेको रहेनछ भने निजले संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको अंगीकृत नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्न सक्नेछ । तर नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्दाका बखत निजका आमा र बाबु दुवै नेपाली नागरिक रहेछन् भने नेपालमा जन्मेको त्यस्तो व्यक्तिले वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(८) यस धारामा लेखिएदेखि बाहेक नेपाल सरकारले संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको अंगीकृत नागरिकता प्रदान गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(९) नेपाल सरकारले संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको सम्मानार्थ नागरिकता प्रदान गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(१०) नेपालभित्र गाभिने गरी कुनै क्षेत्र प्राप्त भएमा त्यस्तो क्षेत्रभित्र बसोबास भएको व्यक्ति संघीय कानूनको अधीनमा रही नेपालको नागरिक हुनेछ । (धारा ११)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe following are citizens of the Philippines:
(1) Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this Constitution;
(2) Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
(3) Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and
(4) Those who are naturalized in accordance with law. (Art. IV, Sec. 1) - FilipinoAng sumusunod ay mga mamamayan ng Pilipinas:(1) Yaong mga mamamayan ng Pilipinas sa panahon ng pagkakapatibay ng Konstitusyong ito;
(2) Yaong ang mga ama o mga ina ay mga mamamayan ng Pilipinas;(3) Yaong mga isinilang bago sumapit ang Enero 17, 1973 na ang mga ina ay Pilipino, na pumili ng pagkamamamayang Pilipino pagsapit sa karampatang gulang; at
(4) Yaong mga naging mamamayan ayon sa batas. (Art. IV, Seksyon 1)