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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe following persons are Ecuadorians by naturalization:
1. Those who obtain the naturalization card.
2. Under-age foreigners adopted by a female or male Ecuadorian, who shall keep their Ecuadorian nationality as long as they do not express their wish to the contrary.
3. Those born abroad of a mother or father who is Ecuadorian by naturalization, while they are minors, shall keep their Ecuadorian nationality, as long as they do not express their wish to the contrary.
4. Those who marry, or have a common-law marriage with, an Ecuadorian female or male, in accordance with the law.
5. Those who obtain Ecuadorian nationality for having provided important services to the country on the basis of their talent or individual effort.
Those who acquire the Ecuadorian nationality shall not be obligated to forfeit their nationality of origin.
Ecuadorian nationality acquired by naturalization shall be forfeited by express renunciation. (Art. 8) - SpanishCon ecuatorianas y ecuatorianos por naturalización las siguientes personas:
1. Las que obtengan la carta de naturalización.
2. Las extranjeras menores de edad adoptadas por una ecuatoriana o ecuatoriano, que conservarán la nacionalidad ecuatoriana mientras no expresen voluntad contraria.
3. Las nacidas en el exterior de madre o padre ecuatorianos por naturalización, mientras aquéllas sean menores de edad; conservarán la nacionalidad ecuatoriana si no expresan voluntad contraria.
4. Las que contraigan matrimonio o mantengan unión de hecho con una ecuatoriana o un ecuatoriano, de acuerdo con la ley.
5. Las que obtengan la nacionalidad ecuatoriana por haber prestado servicios relevantes al país con su talento o esfuerzo Individual.
Quienes adquieran la nacionalidad ecuatoriana no estarán obligados a renunciar a su nacionalidad de origen.
La nacionalidad ecuatoriana adquirida por naturalización se perderá por renuncia expresa. (Art. 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishAny person who became a citizen of Trinidad and Tobago by virtue of registration under the former Constitution or by virtue of an acquisition of citizenship under Part II of the Trinidad and Tobago Citizenship Act, and who has not ceased to be a citizen under any law in force in Trinidad and Tobago, shall continue to be a citizen under this Constitution. (Sec. 16)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishChileans are:
1. Those born in the territory of Chile, with the exception of those children of foreigners who are [encontrarse] in Chile in the service of their Government, and those children of transient foreigners, all of whom, however, may opt for the Chilean nationality;
2. The children of a Chilean father or mother, born in foreign territory. However, it will be required that one of his ancestors in a direct line of first or second degree, has acquired Chilean nationality by virtue of that established in the Numerals 1, 3 or 4;
3. The foreigners who obtain a card of nationalization in accordance with the law;
4. Those who obtained special grant [gracia] of naturalization by law.
The law will regulate the procedures for opting for Chilean nationality; of [the] granting, denial and cancellation of naturalization papers and for the creation of a register for all these acts. (Art. 10) - SpanishSon chilenos:
1º.- Los nacidos en el territorio de Chile, con excepción de los hijos de extranjeros que se encuentren en Chile en servicio de su Gobierno, y de los hijos de extranjeros transeúntes, todos los que, sin embargo, podrán optar por la nacionalidad chilena;
2º.- Los hijos de padre o madre chilenos, nacidos en territorio extranjero. Con todo, se requerirá que alguno de sus ascendientes en línea recta de primer o segundo grado, haya adquirido la nacionalidad chilena en virtud de lo establecido en los números 1º, 3º ó 4º;
3º.- Los extranjeros que obtuvieren carta de nacionalización en conformidad a la ley,
4º.- Los que obtuvieren especial gracia de nacionalización por ley. La ley reglamentará los procedimientos de opción por la nacionalidad chilena; de otorgamiento, negativa y cancelación de las cartas de nacionalización, y la formación de un registro de todos estos actos. (Art. 10)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishI. Foreigners may acquire Bolivian nationality by naturalization if they are legally in the country for more than three years of uninterrupted residence under the supervision of the State, and they expressly manifest their desire to obtain Bolivian nationality and comply with the requisites established by law.
II. The time of residence shall be reduced to two years in the case of foreigners who are in one of the following situations:
1. They have a Bolivian spouse, a Bolivian child or children, or Bolivian adoptive parents. Foreign citizens who acquire citizenship by marriage with Bolivian citizens do not lose it in the case of widowhood or divorce.
… (Art. 142) - SpanishI. Podrán adquirir la nacionalidad boliviana por naturalización las extranjeras y los extranjeros en situación legal, con más de tres años de residencia ininterrumpida en el país bajo supervisión del Estado, que manifiesten expresamente su voluntad de obtener la nacionalidad boliviana y cumplan con los requisitos establecidos en la ley.
II. El tiempo de residencia se reducirá a dos años en el caso de extranjeras y extranjeros que se encuentren en una de las situaciones siguientes:
1. Que tengan cónyuge boliviana o boliviano, hijas bolivianas o hijos bolivianos o padres sustitutos bolivianos. Las ciudadanas extranjeras o los ciudadanos extranjeros que adquieran la ciudadanía por matrimonio con ciudadanas bolivianas o ciudadanos bolivianos no la perderán en caso de viudez o divorcio.
… (Art. 142)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThere shall be such provisions as may be made by Parliament for-
a. the acquisition of citizenship by persons who are not eligible or who are no longer eligible to become citizens under the provisions of this Chapter2:
b. depriving of his citizenship any person who is a citizen otherwise than by virtue of section 90, 91 or 92 of this Constitution;
c. the renunciation by any person of his citizenship. (Sec. 94)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
Every person born in Barbados after 29th November 1966 shall become a citizen of Barbados at the date of his birth: Provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Barbados by virtue of this section if at the time of his birth—
(a) his father possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to an envoy of a foreign sovereign State accredited to Barbados and neither of his parents is a citizen of Barbados; or
(b) his father is an enemy alien and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by the enemy. (Sec. 4)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishAny person who is married to a citizen of Grenada or who has been married to a person who was, during the subsistence of the marriage, a citizen of Grenada shall be entitled, upon making application in such manner as may be prescribed by or under a law enacted by Parliament, and if he is a British protected person or an alien taking the oath of allegiance, to be registered as a citizen of Grenada. (Sec. 98)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThere shall be such provision as may be made by Parliament
(a) for the naturalization as citizens of persons who are not entitled to become citizens under section 92;
(b) for the renunciation by any person of his or her citizenship;
… (Sec. 94)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishEvery person born in Dominica after the commencement of this Constitution shall become a citizen of Dominica at the date of his birth:
Provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Dominica by virtue of this section if at the time of his birth—
(a) his father or mother possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to an envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Dominica, and is not a citizen of Dominica; or
(b) his father or mother is a citizen of a country with which Dominica is at war, and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by the enemy. (Sec. 98)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. Every person born in Jamaica shall become a citizen of Jamaica-
a. on the sixth day of August, 1962, in the case of a person born before that date;
b. on the date of his birth, in the case of a person born on or after the sixth day of August, 1962.
2. A person shall be deemed to be born in Jamaica-
…
b. if at the time of his birth his mother-
i. is a citizen of Jamaica residing in a country other than Jamaica by reason of her employment in the diplomatic service of Jamaica; or
ii. whether or not a citizen of Jamaica, is residing in a country other than Jamaica by reason of her being married to a citizen of Jamaica who is residing in that country by reason of his employment in the diplomatic service of Jamaica.
… (Sec. 3B)