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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. Subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) of section 112 and of section 117 of this Constitution, the following persons shall be entitled, upon making application, to be registered on or after 1st November 1981-
a. any person who, on 31st October 1981-
i. was married to a person who becomes a citizen by virtue of section 112 of this Constitution; or
ii. was married to a person who, having died before 1st November 1981, would have but for his or her death, become a citizen by virtue of that section: Provided that such person is not, or was not at the time of the death of the spouse, living apart from the spouse under a decree of a competent court or a deed of separation;
b. any person who-
i. was married to a person who is or becomes a citizen; or
ii. was married to a person who was or, but for his or her death, would have become a citizen:
Provided that no application shall be allowed from such person before the marriage has subsisted for upwards of three years and that such person is not, or was not at the time of the death of the spouse, living apart from the spouse under a decree of a competent court or a deed of separation;
c. i. every person being a Commonwealth citizen who on 31st October 1981 was domiciled in Antigua and had been ordinarily resident therein for a period of not less than seven years preceding that day;
ii. any person who being a Commonwealth citizen is domiciled in Antigua and Barbuda and has for a period of not less than seven years immediately preceding his application been lawfully ordinarily resident in Antigua and Barbuda (whether or not that period commenced before 1st November 1981);
d. any person who, but for having renounced his citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies in order to qualify for the acquisition or retention of the citizenship of another country, would have become a citizen on 1st November 1981;
e. any person who, having been a citizen, had to renounce his citizenship in order to qualify for the acquisition or retention of the citizenship of another country;
f. any person under the age of eighteen years who is the child, stepchild or child adopted in a manner recognised by law of a citizen or is the child, stepchild or child so adopted of a person who is or would but for his death have been entitled to be registered as a citizen under this subsection.
2. An application under this section shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed as respects that application by or under a law enacted by Parliament and, in the case of a person to whom subsection (1) (f) of this section applies, it shall be made on his behalf by his parent or guardian:
Provided that if the person to whom subsection (1) (f) of this section applies is or has been married, the application may be made by that person. (Sec. 114)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
The acquisition, loss and recuperation of nationality will be regulated by the laws. (Art. 21)
- Spanish
La adquisición, pérdida y recuperación de la nacionalidad serán reguladas por las leyes. (Art. 21)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishParliament may make provision
(a) for the acquisition of citizenship of Barbados by persons who do not become citizens of Barbados by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter2; or
(b) for depriving of his citizenship of Barbados any person who is a citizen of Barbados otherwise than by virtue of subsection (1) or (2) of section 2 or section 4 or section 5. (Sec. 9)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) If a person who is a citizen of some other country or entitled to be registered as such is entitled to registration as a citizen under section 92, he or she shall not, by reason only that he or she is or may become a citizen of that other country, be refused registration under that section or be required to renounce his or her citizenship of that country as a condition of being registered under that section.
… (Sec. 93)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. A person-
a. who was born outside Jamaica before the sixth day of August, 1962;
b. who was not before the 1st day of March, 1993, entitled to Jamaican citizenship by virtue of any provisions of this Constitution in force before that date; and
c. whose father or mother, on the sixth day of August, 1962, became or would but for his or her death have become a citizen of Jamaica in accordance with subsection (1) of section 3,
shall become a citizen of Jamaica on the 1st day of March, 1993.
2. Subsection (1) shall not affect the rights of any person who, before the 1st day of March, 1993, was entitled to Jamaican citizenship by virtue of any provision of this Constitution which was in force before that date. (Sec. 3A)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. No person who is a citizen of Jamaica by virtue of section 3 (1) (a), (b) or (c) shall be deprived of his citizenship of Jamaica.
2. A person who is a citizen of Jamaica other than by virtue of section 3 (1) (a), (6) or (c), shall not be deprived of his citizenship except by or under the provisions of a law-
a. specifying the grounds on which such deprivation may take place and the procedure for such deprivation; and
b. securing to any person affected thereby a right of access to the Supreme Court for the purpose of reviewing the decision to deprive him of his right to such citizenship. (Sec. 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
Those born in the territory of the Republic are Peruvians by birth. Also so are those born abroad of [a] Peruvian father or mother, inscribed in the corresponding register, conforming to law.
Those who acquire nationality by naturalization or by option, are also Peruvians, as long as they maintain residence in Peru. (Art. 52) - Spanish
Son peruanos por nacimiento los nacidos en el territorio de la República. También lo son los nacidos en el exterior de padre o madre peruanos, inscritos en el registro correspondiente, conforme a ley.
Son asimismo peruanos los que adquieren la nacionalidad por naturalización o por opción, siempre que tengan residencia en el Perú. (Art. 52)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishEvery person born in Dominica after the commencement of this Constitution shall become a citizen of Dominica at the date of his birth:
Provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Dominica by virtue of this section if at the time of his birth—
(a) his father or mother possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to an envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Dominica, and is not a citizen of Dominica; or
(b) his father or mother is a citizen of a country with which Dominica is at war, and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by the enemy. (Sec. 98)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe following persons are Ecuadorians by naturalization:
1. Those who obtain the naturalization card.
2. Under-age foreigners adopted by a female or male Ecuadorian, who shall keep their Ecuadorian nationality as long as they do not express their wish to the contrary.
3. Those born abroad of a mother or father who is Ecuadorian by naturalization, while they are minors, shall keep their Ecuadorian nationality, as long as they do not express their wish to the contrary.
4. Those who marry, or have a common-law marriage with, an Ecuadorian female or male, in accordance with the law.
5. Those who obtain Ecuadorian nationality for having provided important services to the country on the basis of their talent or individual effort.
Those who acquire the Ecuadorian nationality shall not be obligated to forfeit their nationality of origin.
Ecuadorian nationality acquired by naturalization shall be forfeited by express renunciation. (Art. 8) - SpanishCon ecuatorianas y ecuatorianos por naturalización las siguientes personas:
1. Las que obtengan la carta de naturalización.
2. Las extranjeras menores de edad adoptadas por una ecuatoriana o ecuatoriano, que conservarán la nacionalidad ecuatoriana mientras no expresen voluntad contraria.
3. Las nacidas en el exterior de madre o padre ecuatorianos por naturalización, mientras aquéllas sean menores de edad; conservarán la nacionalidad ecuatoriana si no expresan voluntad contraria.
4. Las que contraigan matrimonio o mantengan unión de hecho con una ecuatoriana o un ecuatoriano, de acuerdo con la ley.
5. Las que obtengan la nacionalidad ecuatoriana por haber prestado servicios relevantes al país con su talento o esfuerzo Individual.
Quienes adquieran la nacionalidad ecuatoriana no estarán obligados a renunciar a su nacionalidad de origen.
La nacionalidad ecuatoriana adquirida por naturalización se perderá por renuncia expresa. (Art. 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishParliament may make provision-
a. for the acquisition of citizenship of The Bahamas by persons who do not become citizens of The Bahamas by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter3;
b. for depriving of his citizenship of The Bahamas any person who is a citizen of The Bahamas otherwise than by virtue of paragraphs (1) or (2) of Articles 6 or 8 of this Constitution; or
c. for the certification of citizenship of The Bahamas for persons who have acquired that citizenship and who desire such certification. (Art. 13)