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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Belize
- English(1) The National Assembly may make provision, not inconsistent with this Part, in respect of citizenship, including provision for-
(a) the acquisition of citizenship of Belize by persons who are not eligible or who are no longer eligible to become citizens of Belize under this Part;
(b) revoking the citizenship of any person referred to in section 26 (1) of this Constitution;
(c) the renunciation by any person of his citizenship of Belize.
... (Sec. 28)
Citizenship and Nationality
Cuba
- EnglishCubans may not be deprived of their citizenship, except for legally sanctioned causes.
The law establishes the procedure to be followed in order to formalize the loss or renouncement of citizenship as well as the authorities empowered to decide in these cases. (Art. 38) - SpanishLos cubanos no pueden ser privados de su ciudadanía, salvo por causas legalmente establecidas.
La ley establece el procedimiento a seguir para la formalización de la pérdida y renuncia de la ciudadanía y las autoridades facultadas para decidirlo. (Art. 38)
Citizenship and Nationality
Bahamas
- English1. Notwithstanding anything contained in Article 8 of this Constitution, a person born legitimately outside The Bahamas after 9th July 1973 whose mother is a citizen of The Bahamas shall be entitled, upon making application on his attaining the age of eighteen years and before he attains the age of twenty-one years, in such manner as may be prescribed, to be registered as a citizen of The Bahamas:
Provided that if he is a citizen of some country other than The Bahamas he shall not be entitled to be registered as a citizen of The Bahamas under this Article unless he renounces his citizenship of that other country, takes the oath of allegiance and makes and registers such declaration of his intentions concerning residence as may be prescribed.
2. Where a person cannot renounce his citizenship of some other country under the law of that country, he may instead make such declaration concerning that citizenship as may be prescribed.
3. Any application for registration under this Article shall be subject to such exceptions or qualifications as may be prescribed in the interests of national security or public policy. (Art. 9)
Citizenship and Nationality
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The following are the areas of prerogative authority of the central level of the State:
…
9. Nationality, citizenship, laws applicable to foreigners, the right to asylum and refuge.
… (Art. 298) - SpanishI. Son competencias privativas del nivel central del Estado:
...
9. Nacionalidad, ciudadanía, extranjería, derecho de asilo y refugio.
... (Art. 298)
Citizenship and Nationality
Paraguay
- EnglishNo natural Paraguayan will be deprived of their nationality, but they may voluntarily renounce to it. (Art. 147)
- SpanishNingún paraguayo natural será privado de su nacionalidad, pero podrá renunciar voluntariamente a ella. (Art. 147)
Citizenship and Nationality
Guyana
- English(1) Parliament may make provision -
(a) for the acquisition of citizenship of Guyana by persons who do not become citizens of Guyana by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter2;
(b) for depriving of his or her citizenship of Guyana any person who is a citizen of Guyana otherwise than by virtue of article 41 (in so far as it relates to persons who became citizens of Guyana by virtue of articles 21, 23 and 24 of the Constitution of Guyana annexed to the Guyana Independence Order 1966), 43 or 44; or
(c) for the renunciation by any person of his or her citizenship of Guyana. (Art. 48)
Citizenship and Nationality
Panama
- EnglishPanamanian nationality by origin or acquired by birth can not be lost, but express or implied renunciation of it, suspends citizenship.
Panamanian nationality derived from or acquired by naturalization shall be lost for the same reasons. There is express renunciation when the person states in writing to the Executive Authority that he/she desires to abandon Panamanian citizenship; and implied renunciation when the person acquires the citizenship of a foreign state, or enters the service of an enemy State. (Art. 13) - SpanishLa nacionalidad panameña de origen o adquirida por el nacimiento no se pierde, pero la renuncia expresa o tácita de ella suspenderá la ciudadanía.
La nacionalidad panameña derivada o adquirida por la naturalización se perderá por las mismas causas.
La renuncia expresa de la nacionalidad se produce cuando la persona manifiesta por escrito al Ejecutivo su voluntad de abandonarla; y la tácita, cuando se adquiere otra nacionalidad o cuando se entra al servicio de un Estado enemigo. (Art. 13)
Citizenship and Nationality
Jamaica
- English1. A person may, in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter2, become a citizen of Jamaica by-
a. birth;
b. descent; or
c. registration as a citizen of Jamaica based on marriage to a citizen of Jamaica.
2. Parliament may make provision for the acquisition of citizenship of Jamaica by persons who do not become citizens of Jamaica by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter.
3. Subsection (1) shad not affect the right of any person who, before the 26th day of March, 1999, was entitled to Jamaican citizenship by virtue of any provision of the Constitution in force before that date. (Sec. 3)
Citizenship and Nationality
Guatemala
- EnglishThose born in the territory of the Republic of Guatemala, [on] Guatemalan vessels and aircraft[,] and the children of a Guatemalan father or mother, born abroad, are considered native Guatemalans of origin. The children of diplomatic officials and of those who perform legally comparable duties are excepted.
No native Guatemalan can be deprived of his [or her] nationality. (Art. 144) - SpanishSon guatemaltecos de origen, los nacidos en el territorio de la República de Guatemala, naves y aeronaves guatemaltecas y los hijos de padre o madre guatemaltecos, nacidos en el extranjero. Se exceptúan los hijos de funcionarios diplomáticos y de quienes ejerzan cargos legalmente equiparados.
A ningún guatemalteco de origen, puede privársele de su nacionalidad. (Art. 144)
Citizenship and Nationality
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- English(1) The following persons shall, if they do not already possess citizenship, be entitled, upon making application, to be registered as citizens:
(a) any person who is married to a citizen;
(b) any person who, being a Commonwealth citizen, is ordinarily resident in Saint Christopher and Nevis having been so resident for the period of fourteen years immediately preceding the date of his or her application;
(c) any person who, having been a citizen, has renounced his or her citizenship;
(d) any person who, but for renunciation of citizenship, would have become a citizen by virtue of section 90;
(e) any person who is married to any such person as is mentioned in paragraph (b), (c) or (d);
(f) any person who
(i) was married to a person who but for his or her death would have become a citizen by virtue of section 90; or
(ii) was married to a person who became a citizen by virtue of that section, but whose marriage to that person had been terminated by dissolution at any time before 19th September 1983 after having subsisted for at least three years;
(g) any person under the age of eighteen years who is the child of a citizen or the child of a person who is or would but for his or her death have been entitled to be registered as a citizen under any of the preceding paragraphs; and
(h) such other persons as may be prescribed by Parliament:
Provided that if it is so provided by Parliament an application for registration as a citizen under this subsection may in such circumstances as may be prescribed by Parliament in the interests of defence, public safety or public order, be refused by the Minister responsible for the matter in any case in which he or she is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for refusing the application.
(2) An application for registration under subsection (1) shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed, as respects that application, by or under a law enacted by Parliament and, in the case of a person under the age of eighteen years, it shall be made on his or her behalf by his or her parent or guardian:
Provided that, if any such person is or has been married, he or she may make the application himself or herself.
… (Sec. 92)