SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishA child acquires Finnish citizenship at birth and through the citizenship of its parents, as provided in more detail by an Act. Citizenship may also be granted upon notification or application, subject to the criteria determined by an Act.
No one can be divested of or released from his or her Finnish citizenship except on grounds determined by an Act and only if he or she is in possession of or will be granted the citizenship of another State. (Sec. 5) - FinnishSuomen kansalaisuus saadaan syntymän ja vanhempien kansalaisuuden perusteella sen mukaan kuin lailla tarkemmin säädetään. Kansalaisuus voidaan myöntää laissa säädetyin edellytyksin myös ilmoituksen tai hakemuksen perusteella.
Suomen kansalaisuudesta voidaan vapauttaa vain laissa säädetyillä perusteilla ja sillä edellytyksellä, että henkilöllä on tai hän saa toisen valtion kansalaisuuden. (5 §) - SwedishBarn får finskt medborgarskap vid födelsen och genom föräldrarnas medborgarskap enligt vad som närmare bestäms genom lag. Enligt grunder som bestäms i lag kan medborgarskap också beviljas efter anmälan eller på ansökan.
Ingen kan fråntas eller befrias från sitt finska medborgarskap annat än på i lag bestämda grunder och under förutsättning att han eller hon har eller får medborgarskap i en annan stat. (5 §)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) A person born outside the United Kingdom and the qualifying territories after commencement shall be a British citizen if at the time of the birth his father or mother—
(a) is a British citizen otherwise than by descent; or
(b) is a British citizen and is serving outside the United Kingdom and the qualifying territories in service to which this paragraph applies, his or her recruitment for that service having taken place in the United Kingdom or a qualifying territory; or
(c) is a British citizen and is serving outside the United Kingdom and the qualifying territories in service under an EU institution, his or her recruitment for that service having taken place in a country which at the time of the recruitment was a member of the European Union.
… (British Nationality Act 1981, Sec. 2)2
Education
- EnglishEducation shall be compulsory for persons under the age of 16.
Education at state and municipal schools of general education, vocational schools, and schools of further education shall be free of charge.
Higher education shall be accessible to everyone according to individual abilities. Citizens who are good at their studies shall be guaranteed education at state schools of higher education free of charge. (Art. 41) - LithuanianAsmenims iki 16 metų mokslas privalomas.
Mokymas valstybinėse ir savivaldybių bendrojo lavinimo, profesinėse bei aukštesniosiose mokyklose yra nemokamas.
Aukštasis mokslas prieinamas visiems pagal kiekvieno žmogaus sugebėjimus. Gerai besimokantiems piliečiams valstybinėse aukštosiose mokyklose laiduojamas nemokamas mokslas. (41 straipsnis)
Education
- English
…
The State shall have exclusive legislative powers in the following fields:
…
n) general provisions on education;
…
Concurrent legislative authority shall apply to the following fields:
... education
… (Art. 117) - Italian
…
Lo Stato ha legislazione esclusiva nelle seguenti materie:
…
n) norme generali sull’istruzione;
…
Sono materie di legislazione concorrente quelle relative a:
… istruzione
… (Art. 117)
Education
- English1 The Confederation and the Cantons shall, within the scope of their powers, jointly ensure the high quality and accessibility of the Swiss Education Area.
...
3 They shall ensure in the fulfilment of their duties that general and vocational courses of study achieve equal recognition in society. (Art. 61a) - French1 Dans les limites de leurs compétences respectives, la Confédération et les cantons veillent ensemble à la qualité et à la perméabilité de l’espace suisse de formation.
…
3 Dans l’exécution de leurs tâches, ils s’emploient à ce que les filières de formation générale et les voies de formation professionnelle trouvent une reconnaissance sociale équivalente. (Art. 61a) - German1 Bund und Kantone sorgen gemeinsam im Rahmen ihrer Zuständigkeiten für eine hohe Qualität und Durchlässigkeit des Bildungsraumes Schweiz.
…
3 Sie setzen sich bei der Erfüllung ihrer Aufgaben dafür ein, dass allgemein bildende und berufsbezogene Bildungswege eine gleichwertige gesellschaftliche Anerkennung finden. (Art. 61a) - Italian1 La Confederazione e i Cantoni provvedono insieme nell’ambito delle rispettive competenze a un’elevata qualità e permeabilità dello spazio formativo svizzero.
…
3 Nell’adempimento dei loro compiti, la Confederazione e i Cantoni s’impegnano altresì affinché le vie della formazione generale e quelle della formazione professionale trovino un riconoscimento equivalente nella società. (Art. 61a)
Education
- EnglishThe House of Representatives shall:
…
2) consider draft laws, including on … education
… (Art. 97) - BelarusianПалата прадстаўнікоў:
…
2) разглядае праекты законаў, у тым ліку аб … адукацыі
… (Артыкул 97) - RussianПалата представителей:
…
2) рассматривает проекты законов, в том числе об … образовании
… (Статья 97)
Education
- EnglishEveryone has the right to education. Children have the right to receive basic education. The education shall safeguard the individual's abilities and needs, and promote respect for democracy, the rule of law and human rights.
The authorities of the state shall ensure access to upper secondary education and equal opportunities for higher education on the basis of qualifications. (Art. 109) - NorwegianEnhver har rett til utdannelse. Barn har rett til å motta grunnleggende opplæring. Opplæringen skal ivareta den enkeltes evner og behov og fremme respekt for demokratiet, rettsstaten og menneskerettighetene.
Statens myndigheter skal sikre adgang til videregående opplæring og like muligheter til høyere utdannelse på grunnlag av kvalifikasjoner. (§ 109)
Education
- EnglishParents shall have the right and duty to support, provide upbringing and education to their children in which they shall be equal.
... (Art. 65) - Serbian CyrillicРодитељи имају право и дужност да издржавају, васпитавају и образују своју децу, и у томе су равноправни.
… (Члан 65)
Education
- English…
2. Education constitutes a basic mission for the State and shall aim at the moral, intellectual, professional and physical training of Greeks, the development of national and religious consciousness and at their formation as free and responsible citizens.
3. The number of years of compulsory education shall be no less than nine.
4. All Greeks are entitled to free education on all levels at State educational institutions. The State shall provide financial assistance to those who distinguish themselves, as well as to students in need of assistance or special protection, in accordance with their abilities.
… (Art. 16) - Greek…
2. H παιδεία αποτελεί βασική αποστολή του Kράτους και έχει σκοπό την ηθική, πνευματική, επαγγελματική και φυσική αγωγή των Eλλήνων, την ανάπτυξη της εθνικής και θρησκευτικής συνείδησης και τη διάπλασή τους σε ελεύθερους και υπεύθυνους πολίτες.
3. Tα έτη υποχρεωτικής φοίτησης δεν μπορεί να είναι λιγότερα από εννέα.
4. Όλοι οι Έλληνες έχουν δικαίωμα δωρεάν παιδείας, σε όλες τις βαθμίδες της, στα κρατικά εκπαιδευτήρια. Tο Kράτος ενισχύει τους σπουδαστές που διακρίνονται, καθώς και αυτούς που έχουν ανάγκη από βοήθεια ή ειδική προστασία, ανάλογα με τις ικανότητές τους.
… ('Αρθρο 16)
Education
- EnglishFreedom of education shall be guaranteed.
Primary education is compulsory and shall be financed from public funds.
The state shall create the opportunities for citizens to obtain a proper education. (Art. 57) - SloveneIzobraževanje je svobodno.
Osnovnošolsko izobraževanje je obvezno in se financira iz javnih sredstev.
Država ustvarja možnosti, da si državljani lahko pridobijo ustrezno izobrazbo. (57. Člen)