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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Customary Law
Zimbabwe
- English(1) The National Council of Chiefs and, within its province, a provincial assembly of Chiefs have the following functions—
(a) to protect, promote and develop Zimbabwe’s culture and traditions;
(b) to represent the views of traditional leaders and to maintain the integrity and status of traditional institutions;
(c) to protect, promote and advance the interests of traditional leaders;
(d) to consider representations and complaints made to it by traditional leaders;
(e) to define and enforce correct and ethical conduct on the part of traditional leaders and to develop their capacity for leadership;
(f) to facilitate the settlement of disputes between and concerning traditional leaders;
(g) to perform any other functions that may be conferred or imposed on it by an Act of Parliament.
(2) An Act of Parliament must ensure that—
(a) the National Council of Chiefs and all provincial assemblies of Chiefs are able to carry out their functions independently and efficiently; and
(b) persons employed by the National Council of Chiefs and provincial assemblies of Chiefs carry out their duties conscientiously and impartially. (Sec. 286)
Customary Law
South Sudan
- English…
6. The objects of local government shall be to:
…
i. acknowledge and incorporate the role of Traditional Authority and customary law in the local government system;
… (Art. 166)
Customary Law
Micronesia, Federated States of
- EnglishA state may provide that one of its seats is set aside for a traditional leader who shall be chosen as provided by statute for a 2-year term, in lieu of one representative elected on the basis of population. The number of congressional districts shall be reduced and reapportioned accordingly. (Art. IX, Sec. 11)
Customary Law
Eswatini
- English(1) There shall be a Council of Chiefs which shall be composed of twelve Chiefs drawn from the four regions of the Kingdom appointed by the iNgwenyama on a rotational basis.
(2) There shall be a Chairman of the Council who shall be appointed by the iNgwenyama and a secretary whose office shall be a public office.
(3) The Council of Chiefs shall be responsible for, among other things ...
(a) advising the King on customary issues and any matter relating to or affecting chieftaincy including chieftaincy disputes;
(b) performing the function in terms of section 115; and
(c) performing such other functions as may be assigned by this Constitution or any other law.
… (Sec. 251)
Customary Law
Botswana
- English(1) A person shall be qualified to be appointed under section 77(1)(b) as a Member of the Ntlo ya Dikgosi if he or she-
(a) is a citizen of Botswana; and
(b) has attained the age of 21 years.
...
(4) A Member of the Ntlo ya Dikgosi shall not, while he or she is such a Member, participate in party politics, but active participation in politics prior to being a Member of the Ntlo ya Dikgosi shall not bar any person from being such a Member. (Sec. 79)
Customary Law
Palau
- EnglishThe government shall take no action to prohibit or revoke the role or function of a traditional leader as recognized by custom and tradition which is not inconsistent with this Constitution, nor shall it prevent a traditional leader from being recognized, honored, or given formal or functional roles at any level of government. (Art. V, Sec. 1)
Customary Law
Somalia
- English(1) The state shall promote the positive traditions and cultural practices of the Somali people, whilst striving to eliminate from the community customs and emerging practices which negatively impact the unity, civilization and wellbeing of society.
… (Art. 31) - Somali(1) Dawladdu waa in ay horumarisaa hiddaha iyo dhaqanka suubban ee Shacabka Soomaaliyeed, iyadoo ku dedaaleysa in ay bulshada ka suuliso caadooyinka haraaga ah iyo kuwa dhowaan-soo-baxa ah ee wax u dhimaya midnimada, ilbaxnimada iyo caafimaadka bulshada.
... (Qodobak 31aad.)
Customary Law
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- English…
II. In the framework of the unity of the State, and in accordance with this Constitution, the nations and rural native indigenous peoples enjoy the following rights:
…
2. To their cultural identity, religious belief, spiritualities, practices and customs, and their own world view.
…
14. To the practice of their political, juridical and economic systems in accord with their world view. (Art. 30) - Spanish…
II. En el marco de la unidad del Estado y de acuerdo con esta Constitución las naciones y pueblos indígena originario campesinos gozan de los siguientes derechos:
…
2. A su identidad cultural, creencia religiosa, espiritualidades, prácticas y costumbres, y a su propia cosmovisión.
…
14. Al ejercicio de sus sistemas políticos, jurídicos y económicos acorde a su cosmovisión. (Art. 30)
Customary Law
Brazil
- EnglishThe social organization, customs, languages, creeds and traditions of Indians are recognized, as well as their original rights to the lands they traditionally occupy. The Union has the responsibility to delineate these lands and to protect and ensure respect for all their property.
§1°. Lands traditionally occupied by Indians are those on which they live on a permanent basis, those used for their productive activities, those indispensable for the preservation of environmental resources necessary for their well-being and those necessary for their physical and cultural reproduction, according to their uses, customs and traditions.
… (Art. 231) - PortugueseArt. 231. São reconhecidos aos índios sua organização social, costumes, línguas, crenças e tradições, e os direitos originários sobre as terras que tradicionalmente ocupam, competindo à União demarcá-las, proteger e fazer respeitar todos os seus bens.
§ 1º São terras tradicionalmente ocupadas pelos índios as por eles habitadas em caráter permanente, as utilizadas para suas atividades produtivas, as imprescindíveis à preservação dos recursos ambientais necessários a seu bem-estar e as necessárias a sua reprodução física e cultural, segundo seus usos, costumes e tradições.
... (Art. 231)
Customary Law
Myanmar
- EnglishEvery citizen shall, in accord with the law, have the right to freely develop literature, culture, arts, customs and traditions they cherish. In the process, they shall avoid any act detrimental to national solidarity. Moreover, any particular action which might adversely affect the interests of one or several other national races shall be taken only after coordinating with and obtaining the settlement of those affected. (Sec. 365)
- Burmeseနိုင်ငံသားတိုင်းသည် ဥပဒေနှင့်အညီ မိမိတို့အမြတ်တနိုးထားရှိသော စာပေ၊ ယဉ်ကျေးမှု၊ အနုပညာနှင့် ဓလေ့ထုံးတမ်းတို့ကို လွတ်လပ်စွာ ပြုစုပျိူးထောင်ဆောင်ရွက်ပိုင်ခွင့်ရှိသည်။ ယင်းသို့ဆောင်ရွက်ရာတွင် တိုင်းရင်းသားစည်းလုံးညီညွတ်ရေးကို ထိပါးမှုမရှိစေရန် ရှောင်ကြဉ်ရမည်။ ထို့ပြင်မိမိတို့၏ ဆောင်ရွက်မှုသည် အခြားတိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုး တစ်မျိုးကိုဖြစ်စေ၊ လူမျိုးများကိုဖြစ်စေ ထိခိုက်နစ်နာစေနိုင်လျှင် သက်ဆိုင်သူများအချင်းချင်းညှိနှိုင်း၍ ပြေလည်မှုရရှိပြီးမှသာ ဆောင်ရွက်ခွင့် ရှိသည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၆၅)