SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 524 RESULTS
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Philippines
- EnglishWithin its territorial jurisdiction and subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national laws, the organic act of autonomous regions shall provide for legislative powers over:
…
(4) Personal, family, and property relations;
… (Art. X, Sec. 20) - FilipinoAng batayang batas ng mga rehiyong awtonomus, sa loob ng hurisdiksyong teritoryal nito at sa ilalim ng mga tadhana ng Konstitusyong ito at ng mga batas pambansa, ay dapat magtadhana ng mga kapangyarihang tagapagbatas sa:
…
(4) Mga ugnayang personal, pampamilya at pang-ari-arian;
… (Art. X, Seksyon 20)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Zambia
- English1. Subject to clauses (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
3. In this Article the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable, wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, sex, place of origin, marital status, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Clause (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision-
…
c. with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
… (Art. 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Vanuatu
- English1. The Republic of Vanuatu recognises, that, subject to any restrictions imposed by law on non-citizens and holders of dual citizenship who are not indigenous or naturalised citizens, all persons are entitled to the following fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual without discrimination on the grounds of race, place of origin, religious or traditional beliefs, political opinions, language or sex but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and to the legitimate public interest in defence, safety, public order, welfare and health –
…
j. protection for the privacy of the home and other property and from unjust deprivation of property;
… (Art. 5) - French1) Sous réserve des restrictions que la Loi peut imposer aux non-citoyens et aux détenteurs de la double nationalité qui ne sont pas indigènes ou citoyens naturalisés et dans le respect des droits et libertés d'autrui et de l'intérêt public légitime en matière de défense, de sécurité, d'ordre public, de prospérité et de santé, la République de Vanuatu reconnaît que toute personne, sans distinction de race, lieu d'origine, croyances religieuses ou traditionnelles, opinions politiques, langue ou sexe jouit des droits fondamentaux et les libertés individuelles suivants:
...
j) les garanties contre la violation du domicile et des autres biens, et contre l'expropriation injuste du patrimoine;
... (Art. 5)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Armenia
- English1. A community shall have property right on land and other property.
2. Land located within the territory of a community, with the exception of land owned by the state, as well as by natural persons or legal entities, shall be in the property of the community.
... (Art. 184) - Armenian1. Համայնքն ունի հողի, ինչպես նաև այլ գույքի նկատմամբ սեփականության իրավունք։
2. Համայնքի տարածքում գտնվող հողը, բացառությամբ պետությանը, ինչպես նաև ֆիզիկական ու իրավաբանական անձանց պատկանող հողերի, համայնքի սեփականությունն է։
… (Հոդված 184)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Syrian Arab Republic
- EnglishThe law shall determine the maximum level of agricultural ownership and agricultural investment to ensure the protection of the farmer and the agricultural laborer from exploitation and to ensure increased production. (Art. 16)
- Arabicيعين القانون الحد الأقصى للملكية الزراعية والإستثمار الزراعي بما يضمن حماية الفلاح والعامل الزراعي من الإستغلال ويضمن زيادة الإنتاج. (المادّة 16)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Argentina
- EnglishProperty may not be violated, and no inhabitant of the Nation can be deprived of it except by virtue of a sentence based on law. … (Sec. 17)
- SpanishLa propiedad es inviolable, y ningún habitante de la Nación puede ser privado de ella, sino en virtud de sentencia fundada en ley. … (Art. 17)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Angola
- English1. Unless authorisation is granted to the Executive to do so, the National Assembly shall have relative competence for legislating on the following matters:
…
g) The general system for property and means of production not included in the public domain;
…
m) The definition and system for property within the public domain;
…
r) The general elements of the system for the concession and transfer of land;
… (Art. 165) - Portuguese1. À Assembleia Nacional compete legislar com reserva relativa, salvo autorização concedida ao Executivo, sobre as seguintes matérias:
…
g) Regime geral dos bens e meios de produção não integrados no domínio público;
…
m) Definição e regime dos bens de domínio público;
…
r) Bases gerais do regime de concessão e transmissão da terra;
… (Art. 165)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Cyprus
- English1. Every person, alone or jointly with others, has the right to acquire, own, possess, enjoy or dispose of any movable or immovable property and has the right to respect for such right.
…
6. In the event of agricultural reform, lands shall be distributed only to persons belonging to the same Community as the owner from whom such land has been compulsorily acquired.
… (Art. 23) - Greek1. Έκαστος, μόνος ή από κοινού μετ’ άλλων, έχει το δικαίωμα να αποκτά, να είναι κύριος, να κατέχη, απολαύη ή διαθέτη οιανδήποτε κινητήν ή ακίνητον ιδιοκτησίαν και δικαιούται να απαιτή τον σεβασμόν του τοιούτου δικαιώματος αυτού.
…
6. Εν περιπτώσει αγροτικής μεταρρυθμίσεως αι γαίαι διανέμονται μόνον εις άτομα ανήκοντα εις την κοινότητα, εις ην ανήκει και ο ιδιοκτήτης των αναγκαστικώς απαλλοτριωθεισών γαιών.
… (Αρθρον 23) - Turkish1. Her şahıs, yalnız başına veya başkaları ile birlikte, herhangi bir menkul veya gayrimenkul mal edinme, buna sahip olma, bunu elinde tutma, bundan istifade etme veya üzerinde tasarruf etme hakkına ve bu hakka saygı gösterilmesi hakkına sahiptir.
…
6. Tarım reformu amacı ile zorla edinimlerde, toprak, yalnız gayrimenkulü zorla edinilen toprak sahibinin mensup olduğu Cemaate mensup şahıslara dağıtılabilir.
... (Madde 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
United Arab Emirates
- EnglishWithout prejudice to the provisions of the preceding Article, the UAE has exclusive legislative jurisdiction in the following matters:
…
• Ownership of real properties … (Art. 121) - Arabicﺑﻐﻴﺮ اﺧﻼﻝ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤ ﺎدﺓ اﻟ ﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ، ﻳﻨﻔﺮﺩ اﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺆ وﻥ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :
...
- اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎ رﻳﺔ وﻧﺰﻉ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ. ... (المادّة 121)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishLatifundio and double title are prohibited because they are contrary to the collective interest and development of the country. Latifundio is understood to mean the non-productive holding of land; the land that does not fulfill a social economic function; the exploitation of land that applies a system of servitude, quasi-slavery and slavery in labor relations; or the property that surpasses the maximum surface area established in the law. In no case may the maximum surface exceed five thousand hectares. (Art. 398)
- SpanishSe prohíbe el latifundio y la doble titulación por ser contrarios al interés colectivo y al desarrollo del país. Se entiende por latifundio la tenencia improductiva de la tierra; la tierra que no cumpla la función económica social; la explotación de la tierra que aplica un sistema de servidumbre, semiesclavitud o esclavitud en la relación laboral o la propiedad que sobrepasa la superficie máxima zonificada establecida en la ley. La superficie máxima en ningún caso podrá exceder de cinco mil hectáreas. (Art. 398)