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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
(1) The citizenship of the Republic of Moldova shall be acquired, maintained or withdrawn under the conditions provided for by the organic law.
(2) No one may be arbitrarily deprived of his/her citizenship or of the right to change the citizenship. (Art. 17) - Moldovian
(1) Cetăţenia Republicii Moldova se dobîndeşte, se păstrează ori se pierde în condiţiile prevăzute de legea organică.
(2) Nimeni nu poate fi lipsit în mod arbitrar de cetăţenia sa şi nici de dreptul de a-şi schimba cetăţenia. (Art. 17)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English...
(2) The citizenship of a person who was presumed to be a citizen by birth, as contemplated in Article 14(4), may be revoked if—
(a) the citizenship was acquired by fraud, false representation or concealment of any material fact by any person;
(b) the nationality or parentage of the person becomes known, and reveals that the person was a citizen of another country; or
(c) the age of the person becomes known, and reveals that the person was older than eight years when found in Kenya. (Art. 17) - Swahili...
(2) Uraia wa mtu ambaye alidhaniwa kuwa raia kwa kuzaliwa, kama ilivyobainishwa katika Kifungu cha 14 (4), unaweza kubatilishwa ikiwa—
(a) uraia huo ulipatikana kwa njia ya udanganyifu, utambulisho wa uongo au kuficha ukweli wowote halisi unaofanywa na yeyote
(b) utaifa au wazazi wa mtu huyo kujulikana, na kuonyesha ukweli kuwa mtu huyo alikuwa raia wa nchi nyingine; au
(c) umri wa mtu huyo kujulikana, na kuonyesha kuwa mtu huyo alikuwa na umri zaidi ya miaka minane alipokutwa Kenya. (Kifungu cha 17)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English[The following] are Costa Ricans by birth:
1. The child of [a] Costa Rican father or mother born in the territory of the Republic;
2. The child of [a] father or mother Costa Rican by birth, who are born abroad, and who are inscribed as such in the Civil Registry, by the will of the Costa Rican progenitor, while they are minors, or on their own until they turn twenty-five years old;
3. The child of foreign parents born in Costa Rica who are inscribed as Costa Ricans, by the will of either of their progenitors while they are minors, or on their own until they turn twenty-five years old;
4. The infant, of unknown [ignorados] parents, found in Costa Rica. (Art. 13) - SpanishSon costarricenses por nacimiento:
1) El hijo de padre o madre costarricense nacido en el territorio de la República;
2) El hijo de padre o madre costarricense por nacimiento, que nazca en el extranjero, y se inscriba como tal en el Registro Civil, por la voluntad del progenitor costarricense, mientras sea menor de edad, o por la propia hasta cumplir veinticinco años;
3) El hijo de padres extranjeros nacido en Costa Rica que se inscriba como costarricense, por voluntad de cualquiera de sus progenitores mientras sea menor de edad, o por la propia hasta cumplir veinticinco años;
4) El infante, de padres ignorados, encontrado en Costa Rica. (Art. 13)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishA person is a Cuban citizen through birth if:
a. They are born within the national territory, with the exception of the children of foreigners that are in the service of their government or an international organization. The law establishes the requirements and the formalities for cases involving the children of foreigners who are not permanent residents within the country;
b. They are born abroad to a Cuban mother or father, who were completing an official mission, according to the requirements and formalities established by the law;
c. They are born abroad to a Cuban mother or father, having previously complied with the requirements and formalities indicated by the law, or
d. They are born outside the national territory to a mother or father native to the Republic of Cuba that has lost Cuban citizenship, as long as they reclaim it in the form indicated by the law. (Art. 34) - SpanishSon ciudadanos cubanos por nacimiento:
a) los nacidos en el territorio nacional, con excepción de los hijos de extranjeros que se encuentren al servicio de su gobierno o de organismos internacionales. La ley establece los requisitos y las formalidades para el caso de los hijos de los extranjeros no residentes permanentes en el país;
b) los nacidos en el extranjero de padre o madre cubanos que se hallen cumpliendo misión oficial, de acuerdo con los requisitos y las formalidades que establece la ley;
c) los nacidos en el extranjero de padre o madre cubanos, previo cumplimiento de los requisitos y las formalidades que la ley señala; y
d) los nacidos fuera del territorio nacional de padre o madre cubanos por nacimiento que hayan perdido la ciudadanía cubana, siempre que la reclamen en la forma que señala la ley. (Art. 34)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English...
No Swedish citizen who is domiciled in the Realm or who has previously been domiciled in the Realm may be deprived of his or her citizenship. It may however be prescribed that children under the age of eighteen shall have the same nationality as their parents or as one parent. (Instrument of Government, Chapter 2, Art. 7) - Swedish...
Ingen svensk medborgare som är eller har varit bosatt i riket får fråntas sitt medborgarskap. Det får dock föreskrivas att barn under arton år i fråga om sitt medborgarskap ska följa föräldrarna eller en av dem. (Kungörelse (1974:152) om beslutad ny regeringsform, 2 kap, 7§)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishAny person, at least one of whose parents was a citizen of Liberia at the time of the Person’s birth, shall be a citizen of Liberia; provided that any such person shall upon reaching maturity renounce any other citizenship acquired by virtue of one parent being a citizen of another country. No citizen of the Republic shall be deprived of citizenship or nationality except as provided by law; and no person shall be denied the right to change citizenship or nationality. (Art. 28)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English[The following] are Salvadorans by birth:
1) Those born in the territory of El Salvador;
2) The children of a Salvadoran father or mother, born abroad;
3) The natives [originarios] of the other States that constituted the Federal Republic of Central America, who having [a] domicile in El Salvador, manifest before the competent authorities their will to be Salvadoran, without requiring of them the renunciation of their nationality of origin. (Art. 90) - SpanishSon salvadoreños por nacimiento:
1º- Los nacidos en el territorio de El Salvador;
2º- Los hijos de padre o madre salvadoreños, nacidos en el extranjero;
3º- Los originarios de los demás Estados que constituyeron la República Federal de Centro América, que teniendo domicilio en El Salvador, manifiesten ante las autoridades competentes su voluntad de ser salvadoreños, sin que se requiera la renuncia a su nacionalidad de origen. (Art. 90)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe conditions necessary for being a Japanese national shall be determined by law. (Art. 10)
- Japanese日本国民たる要件は、法律でこれを定める。(第10条)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. Every person born in Kiribati after the day prior to Independence Day shall become a citizen of Kiribati at the date of his birth unless on that date, not being a person of I-Kiribati descent or a person whose father is a citizen of Kiribati, he becomes a citizen of some other country: provided that a person shall not become a citizen of Kiribati by virtue of this subsection if at the time of his birth—
a. his father possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to any envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Kiribati and neither of his parents is a citizen of Kiribati; or
b. his father is a citizen of a country with which Kiribati is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation of such country.
2. Every person born outside Kiribati after the day prior to Independence Day shall become a citizen of Kiribati at the date of his birth if at that date his father is, or would but for his death have been, a citizen of Kiribati. (Sec. 25)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English1. Persons born in Mozambique after the proclamation of independence are Mozambican nationals.
2. This rule shall not apply to children born of a foreign father and a foreign mother, when either of them is in Mozambique in the employ of the government of his or her country.
… (Art. 24) - Portuguese1. São moçambicanos os cidadãos nascidos em Moçambique após a proclamação da independência.
2. Exceptuam-se os filhos de pai e mãe estrangeiros quando qualquer deles se encontre em Moçambique ao serviço do Estado a que pertence.
… (Art. 24)