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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 450 RESULTS
Limitations and/or Derogations
Germany
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(3) Amendments to this Basic Law affecting the division of the Federation into Länder, their participation on principle in the legislative process, or the principles laid down in Articles 15 and 20 shall be inadmissible. (Art. 79) - German…
(3) Eine Änderung dieses Grundgesetzes, durch welche die Gliederung des Bundes in Länder, die grundsätzliche Mitwirkung der Länder bei der Gesetzgebung oder die in den Artikeln 1 und 20 niedergelegten Grundsätze berührt werden, ist unzulässig. (Art. 79)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Guinea-Bissau
- English1. Martial law or a state of emergency can only be declared, in the whole or part of the national territory, in cases of effective or imminent foreign aggression, grave threat or disturbance of the democratic constitutional order, or political calamity.
2. The declaration of martial law cannot affect the right to life, integrity and identity, civil capacity and citizenship, non-retroactivity of penal laws, right to defense of the accused and liberty of conscience and religion.
3. The declaration of a state of emergency can only result in the partial suspension of rights, liberties and guarantees. (Art. 31) - Portuguese1 - O estado de sítio ou o estado de emergência só podem ser declarados, no todo ou em parte do território nacional, nos casos de agressão efectiva ou eminente por forças estrangeiras, de grave ameaça ou perturbação da ordem constitucional democrática ou de calamidade política.
2 - A declaração do estado de sítio em caso algum pode afectar os direitos à vida, à integridade pessoal e à identidade pessoal, a capacidade civil e a cidadania, a não retroactividade da lei penal, o direito de defesa dos arguidos e a liberdade de consciência e de religião.
3 - A declaração do estado de emergência apenas pode determinar a suspensão parcial dos direitos, liberdades e garantias. (Art. 31)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Zambia
- EnglishNothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of Articles 13, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, or 24 to the extent that it is shown that the law in question authorises the taking, during any period when the Republic is at war or when a declaration under Article 30 is in force, of measures for the purpose of dealing with any situation existing or arising during that period; and nothing done by any person under the authority of any such law shall be held to be in contravention of any of the said provisions if it is shown that the measures taken were, having due regard to the circumstances prevailing at the time, reasonably required for the purpose of dealing with the situation in question. (Art. 25)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Malta
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of sub-articles (4), (5) and (7) of this article, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
(2) Subject to the provisions of sub-articles (6), (7) and (8) of this article, no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
(3) In this article, the expression "discriminatory" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed, sex, sexual orientation or gender identity whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Sub-article (1) of this article shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision –
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(e) for authorising the taking during a period of public emergency of measures that are reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that period of public emergency;
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(7) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision (not being provisions specifically relating to sex) whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in sub-article (3) of this article may be subjected to any restriction on the rights and freedoms guaranteed by articles 38, 40, 41, 42 and 44 of this Constitution, being such a restriction as is authorised by article 38(2), 40(2), 41(2), 42(2) or 44(3).
... (Art. 45) - Maltese(1) Bla ħsara għad-disposizzjonijiet tas-subartikoli (4), (5) u (7) ta’ dan l-artikolu, ebda liġi ma għandha tagħmel xi disposizzjoni li tkun diskriminatorja sew fiha nnifisha jew fl-effett tagħha.
(2) Bla ħsara għad-disposizzjonijiet tas-subartikoli (6), (7) u (8) ta’ dan l-artikolu, ħadd ma għandu jiġi trattat b’mod diskriminatorju minn xi persuna li taġixxi bis-saħħa ta’ xi liġi miktuba jew fil-qadi tal-funzjonijiet ta’ xi kariga pubblika jew xi awtorità pubblika.
(3) F’dan l-artikolu, il-kelma "diskriminatorju" tfisser għoti ta’ trattament differenti lil persuni differenti attribwibbli għal kollox jew prinċipalment għad-deskrizzjoni tagħhom rispettiva skont ir-razza, post ta’ oriġini, opinjonijiet politiċi, kulur, fidi, sess, orjentazzjoni sesswali jew identità tal-ġeneru li minħabba fihom persuni ta’ deskrizzjoni waħda bħal dawn ikunu suġġetti għal inkapaċitajiet jew restrizzjonijiet li persuni ta’ deskrizzjoni oħra bħal dawn ma jkunux suġġetti għalihom jew ikunu mogħtija privileġġi jew vantaġġi li ma jkunux mogħtija lil persuni ta’ deskrizzjoni oħra bħal dawn.
(4) Is-subartikolu (1) ta’ dan l-artikolu ma għandux jgħodd għal xi liġi safejn dik il-liġi tipprovdi –
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(e) għall-awtorizzazzjoni tat-teħid matul perijodu ta’ emerġenza pubblika ta’ miżuri li jkunu raġonevolment ġustifikabbli sabiex tiġi milqugħa s-sitwazzjoni li tkun teżisti matul dak il-perijodu ta’ emerġenza pubblika:
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(7) Ebda ħaġa li tkun hemm jew li tkun magħmula bl-awtorità ta’ xi liġi ma għandha titqies li tkun inkonsistenti ma jew bi ksur ta’ dan l-artikolu safejn il-liġi in kwistjoni tagħmel provvediment (li ma jkunux provvedimenti li jirrigwardaw is-sess speċifikatament) li li bih persuni ta’ xi deskrizzjoni bħal dik kif hija msemmija fis-subartikolu (3) ta’ dan l-artikolu jistgħu jiġu assoġġettati għal xi restrizzjoni fuq drittijiet u libertajiet garantiti bl-artikoli 38, 40, 41, 42 u 44 ta’ din il-Kostituzzjoni, li tkun restrizzjoni bħal dik kif awtorizzata bl-artikolu 38(2), 40(2), 41(2), 42(2) jew 44(3).
... (Art. 45)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Malawi
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2. Notwithstanding subsection (1), Parliament shall not have the power to delegate any legislative powers which would substantially and significantly affect the fundamental rights and freedoms recognized by this Constitution. (Sec. 58)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Belize
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(9) During any period of public emergency, the following provisions shall have effect-
(a) the Governor-General may make such regulations as are necessary or expedient for securing public safety, the defence of Belize, the maintenance of public order and the suppression of mutiny, rebellion and riot, and for maintaining supplies and services essential to the life of the community;
(b) any such regulations may empower such authorities or persons as may be specified in the regulations to make orders and rules for any of the purposes for which such regulations are authorised by this subsection to be made and may contain such incidental and supplementary provisions as are necessary or expedient for the purposes of the regulations;
(c) any such regulations or any order or rule made in pursuance of such regulations may amend or suspend the operation of any law and shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent therewith contained in any law;
(d) in this subsection, "law" does not include this Constitution or any provision thereof or any law that alters this Constitution or any provision thereof.
(10) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law (including any regulations made under subsection (9) of this section) shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of section 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, or 17 of this Constitution to the extent that the law in question makes in relation to any period of public emergency provision, or authorises the doing during any such period of anything, that is reasonably justifiable in the circumstances of any situation arising or existing during the period for the purpose of dealing with that situation. (Sec. 18)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Morocco
- EnglishNo revision may infringe the provisions relative to the Muslim religion, on the monarchic form of the State, on the democratic choice of the Nation or on [those] acquired in matters of [the] freedoms and of fundamental rights inscribed in this Constitution. (Art. 175)
- Arabicلايحقّ أن تتناول المراجعة الأحكام المتعلّقة بالّدين الإسلامي، وبالنّظام الملكي للدّولة، وبالاختيار الديمقراطي للأمّة، وبالمكتسبات في مجال الحريات والحقوق الأساسية المنصوص عليها في هذا الدّستور. (الفصل 175)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. Neither the Pluri-National Legislative Assembly, nor any other body or institution, nor association or popular group of any kind, shall grant to a body or person any extraordinary authorities different than those established in this Constitution.
II. Public Power may not be accumulated, nor may any body or person be granted supremacy over the rights and guarantees recognized in this Constitution.
III. The reform of the Constitution may not be initiated while there is a state of emergency in force. (Art. 140) - SpanishI. Ni la Asamblea Legislativa Plurinacional, ni ningún otro órgano o institución, ni asociación o reunión popular de ninguna clase, podrán conceder a órgano o persona alguna facultades extraordinarias diferentes a las establecidas en esta Constitución.
II. No podrá acumularse el Poder Público, ni otorgarse supremacía por la que los derechos y garantías reconocidos en esta Constitución queden a merced de órgano o persona alguna.
III. La reforma de la Constitución no podrá iniciarse mientras esté vigente un estado de excepción. (Art. 140)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Russian Federation
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2. In the Russian Federation no laws must be adopted which abolish or diminish human and civil rights and freedoms.
3. Human and civil rights and freedoms may be limited by federal law only to the extent necessary for the protection of the basis of the constitutional order, morality, health, rights and lawful interests of other people, and for ensuring the defence of the country and the security of the State. (Art. 55) - Russian…
2. В Российской Федерации не должны издаваться законы, отменяющие или умаляющие права и свободы человека и гражданина.
3. Права и свободы человека и гражданина могут быть ограничены федеральным законом только в той мере, в какой это необходимо в целях защиты основ конституционного строя, нравственности, здоровья, прав и законных интересов других лиц, обеспечения обороны страны и безопасности государства. (Статья 55)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Colombia
- EnglishWhen events different from those provided for in Articles 212 and 213 occur that disrupt or threaten to disrupt in serious or imminent manner the economic, social, or ecological order of the country or which constitute a grave public calamity, the President, with the signature of all the Ministers, can declare a State of Emergency for periods up to thirty days in each case which, added up, must not exceed ninety days in a calendar year.
By means of such a declaration, which must be substantiated, the President can, with the signature of all the Ministers, issue decrees with the force of law, intended exclusively to ward off the crisis and impede the extension of its effects.
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The Government may not infringe [desmejorar] on the social rights of workers through the decrees contemplated in this Article.
… (Art. 215) - SpanishCuando sobrevengan hechos distintos de los previstos en los artículos 212 y 213 que perturben o amenacen perturbar en forma grave e inminente el orden económico, social y ecológico del país, o que constituyan grave calamidad pública, podrá el Presidente, con la firma de todos los ministros, declarar el Estado de Emergencia por períodos hasta de treinta días en cada caso, que sumados no podrán exceder de noventa días en el año calendario.
Mediante tal declaración, que deberá ser motivada, podrá el Presidente, con la firma de todos los ministros, dictar decretos con fuerza de ley, destinados exclusivamente a conjurar la crisis y a impedir la extensión de sus efectos.
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El Gobierno no podrá desmejorar los derechos sociales de los trabajadores mediante los decretos contemplados en este artículo.
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