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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Equality and Non-Discrimination
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- English…
4. The enjoyment of the rights and freedoms provided for in this Article or in the international agreements listed in Annex I to this Constitution shall be secured to all persons in Bosnia and Herzegovina without discrimination on any ground such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, association with a national minority, property, birth or other status.
… (Art. II) - Bosnian…
4. Uživanje prava i sloboda, predviđenih u ovom članu ili u međunarodnim sporazumima navedenim u Aneksu I ovog Ustava, osigurano je svim licima u Bosni i Hercegovini bez diskriminacije po bilo kojem osnovu kao što je pol, rasa, boja, jezik, vjera, političko i drugo mišljenje, nacionalno ili socijalno porijeklo, povezanost sa nacionalnom manjinom, imovina, rođenje ili drugi status.
… (Član II) - Croatian…
4. Uživanje prava i sloboda predviđenih ovim člankom ili u međunarodnim sporazumima navedenim u Aneksu I ovom Ustavu, osigurano je za sve osobe u Bosni i Hercegovini bez diskriminacije po bilo kojoj osnovi kao što je spol, rasa, boja, jezik, vjera, političko ili drugo uvjerenje, nacionalno ili društveno podrijetlo, vezivanje za neku nacionalnu manjinu, imovina, rođenje ili drugi status.
… (Članak II) - Serbian…
4. Уживање права и слобода, предвиђених овим чланом или међународним споразумима наведеним у Анексу I овог Устава, обезбеђено је свим лицима у Босни и Херцеговини без дискриминације по било којој основи као што су пол, раса, боја, језик, вјероисповијест, политичко или друго мишљење, национално и социјално поријекло или повезаност са националном мањином, имовина, рођење или други статус.
… (Члан II)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Burundi
- EnglishAll citizens are equal before the law, which assures them an equal protection.
No one may be subject to discrimination notably because of their origin, of their race, of their ethnicity, of their sex, of their color, of their language, of their social situation, of their religious, philosophical or political convictions, because of a physical or mental handicap, or because they are carriers of HIV/AIDS or of any other incurable disease. (Art. 22) - KirundiAbanyagihugu bose barangana imbere y’Itegeko kandi rikabakingira kumwe.
Nta muntu n’umwe akumirwa kubera amamuko yiwe, ibara ry’urukoba rwiwe, ubwoko bwiwe, igitsina ciwe, ururimi avuga, uko abayeho mu gihugu, idini ryiwe, ivyiyumviro nyamukuru vyiwe ku vyerekeye ubuzima canke intwaro y’igihugu canke kubera ubumuga canke kubera ko afise umugera wa SIDA canke iyindi ngwara iyo ariyo yose idakira. (Ingingo ya 22) - FrenchTous les citoyens sont égaux devant la loi, qui leur assure une protection égale.
Nul ne peut être l’objet de discrimination du fait notamment de son origine, de sa race, de son ethnie, de son sexe, de sa couleur, de sa langue, de sa situation sociale, de ses convictions religieuses, philosophiques ou politiques ou du fait d’un handicap physique ou mental ou du fait d’être porteur du VIH/SIDA ou toute autre maladie incurable. (Art. 22)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Mauritius
- English1. Subject to subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
2. Subject to subsections (6), (7) and (8), no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting in the performance of any public function conferred by any law or otherwise in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
3. In this section, 'discriminatory' means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, caste, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages that are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision –
…
aa. for a minimum number of candidates for election to local authorities to be of a particular sex, with a view to ensuring adequate representation of each sex on a local authority;
ab. for a minimum number of candidates for election to the Rodrigues Regional Assembly to be of a particular sex, with a view to ensuring adequate representation of each sex in the Rodrigues Regional Assembly;
…
c. for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters that is the personal law applicable to persons of that description.
5. Nothing contained in any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of subsection (1) to the extent that it makes provision with respect to standards or qualifications (not being standards or qualifications specifically relating to race, caste, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex) to be required of any person who is appointed to any office in the public service, any office in a disciplined force, any office in the service of a local authority or any office in a body corporate established directly by any law for public purposes.
6. Subsection (2) shall not apply to anything which is expressly or by necessary implication authorised to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in subsection (4) or (5).
7. Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this section to the extent that the law in question makes provision whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) may be subjected to any restriction on the rights and freedoms guaranteed by sections 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, being such a restriction as is authorised by section 9(2), 11(5), 12(2), 13(2), 14(2) or 15(3), as the case may be.
8. Subsection (2) shall not affect any discretion relating to the institution, conduct or discontinuance of civil or criminal proceedings in any court that is vested in any person by or under this Constitution or any other law. (Sec. 16)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Haiti
- EnglishThe Haitian people proclaim this Constitution:
…
To fortify the national unity, eliminating all discrimination between the populations, of the towns and of the countryside, by the acceptance of the community of languages and of culture and by the recognition of the right to progress, to information, to education, to health, to work and to leisure for all citizens [masculine] and citizens [feminine].
…
To establish a governmental regime based on the fundamental liberties and the respect for human rights, the social peace, economic equity, the equity of gender, the concerted [action] and the participation of all the population in the grand decisions engaging the national life, by an effective decentralization.
To assure to women a representation in the instances of power and of decision which must conform to the equality of the sexes and to equity of gender. (Preamble) - FrenchLe Peuple Haïtien proclame la présente Constitution:
…
Pour fortifier l'unité nationale, en éliminant toutes discrimations entre les populations des villes et des campagnes, par l'acceptation de la communauté de langues et de culture et par la reconnaissance du droit au progrès, à l'information, à l'éducation, à la santé, au travail et au loisir pour tous les citoyens et citoyennes.
…
Pour instaurer un régime gouvernamental basé sur les libertés fondamentales et le respect des droits humains, la paix sociale, l’equité économique, l’équité de genre, la concertation et la participation de toute la population aux grandes décisions engageant la vie nationale, par une décentralisation effective.
Pour assurer aux femmes une représentation dans les instances de pouvoir et de décision qui soit conforme à l’égalité des sexes et à l’équité de genre. (Préambule)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Estonia
- EnglishEveryone is entitled to protection by the government and of the law.
… (Sec. 13) - EstonianIgaühel on õigus riigi ja seaduse kaitsele.
… (§ 13)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Comoros
- EnglishThe Union of the Comoros recognizes equally the equality of all citizens before the law, without distinction of race, of sex, of religion, of political conviction, and assures the full enjoyment of the fundamental freedoms for all citizens. (Art. 2)
- Arabicيعترف اتحاد جزر القمر أيضاً بالمساواة بين جميع المواطنين أمام القانون، دون التمييز على أساس العنصر، الجنس، الدين، القناعة السياسية، ويضمن التمتع الكامل بالحريات الأساسية لجميع المواطنين. (المادة 2)
- FrenchL’Union des Comores reconnaît également l'égalité de tous les citoyens devant la loi, sans distinction de race, de sexe, de religion, de conviction politique, et assure la pleine jouissance des libertés fondamentales pour tous les citoyens. (Art. 2)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Niger
- EnglishAll Nigeriens are born and remain free and equal in rights and in duties. However, the access of certain categories of citizens to electoral mandates, to elective functions and to public employments may be favored by particular measures specified by the law. (Art. 10)
- FrenchTous les Nigériens naissent et demeurent libres et égaux en droits et en devoirs. Toutefois, l’accès de certaines catégories de citoyens aux mandats électoraux, aux fonctions électives et aux emplois publics peut être favorisé par des mesures particulières prévues par la loi. (Art. 10)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Paraguay
- EnglishThe State will guarantee to all inhabitants of the Republic:
1. Equality in access to justice, for which effect it will level [allanará] the obstacles that would prevent it;
2. Equality before the laws;
3. Equality in access to the non-elective public functions, without any requirement other than suitability [for the job], and
4. Equal opportunities in the participation of the benefits of nature, of the material assets, and of the culture. (Art. 47) - SpanishEl Estado garantizará a todos los habitantes de la República:
1. la igualdad para el acceso a la justicia, a cuyo efecto allanará los obstáculos que la impidiesen;
2. la igualdad ante las leyes;
3. la igualdad para el acceso a las funciones públicas no electivas, sin más requisitos que la idoneidad, y
4. la igualdad de oportunidades en la participación de los beneficios de la naturaleza, de los bienes materiales y de la cultura. (Art. 47)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Latvia
- EnglishAll human beings in Latvia shall be equal before the law and the courts. Human rights shall be realised without discrimination of any kind. (Art. 91)
- LatvianVisi cilvēki Latvijā ir vienlīdzīgi likuma un tiesas priekšā. Cilvēka tiesības tiek īstenotas bez jebkādas diskriminācijas. (Art. 91)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
Senegal
- English… All human beings are equal before the law. Men and Women are equal in right [droit].
The law promotes [favorise] the equal access of women and men to the mandates and functions.
There is in Senegal no constraint [sujet], or privilege arising from birth, from person or from family. (Art. 7) - French... Tous les êtres humains sont égaux devant la loi. Les hommes et les femmes sont égaux en droit.
La loi favorise l’égal accès des femmes et des hommes aux mandats et fonctions.
Il n'y a au Sénégal ni sujet, ni privilège de lieu de naissance, de personne ou de famille. (Art. 7)