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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIn the case of [an] armed international conflict, formally declared or not, or of a grave internal commotion that puts in imminent danger the rule [imperio] of this Constitution or the regular functioning of the organs created by it, the Congress or the Executive Power may declare the State of Exception in all or in part of the national territory, for a term of sixty days maximum. In the case that such declaration is effected by the Executive Power, the measure must be approved or rejected by the Congress within a time period of forty-eight hours.
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The decree or the law that declares the State of Exception will contain the reasons and the facts invoked for its adoption, the time of its enforcement and the territory affected, as well as the rights that it restricts.
During the enforcement of the State of Exception, the Executive Power may only order, by decree and in each case, the following measures: the detention of the persons indicted [indiciadas] for participating in some of those acts, their transfer from one point to another of the Republic, as well as the prohibition or the restriction of public meetings and of demonstrations.
In all the cases, the persons indicted [indiciadas] will have the option to leave the country.
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The State of Exception will not interrupt the functioning of the powers of the State, the enforcement of this Constitution or, specifically, habeas corpus.
… (Art. 288) - SpanishEn caso de conflicto armado internacional, formalmente declarado o no, o de grave conmoción interior que ponga en inminente peligro el imperio de esta Constitución o el funcionamiento regular de los órganos creados por ella, el Congreso o el Poder Ejecutivo podrán declarar el Estado de Excepción en todo o en parte del territorio nacional, por un término de sesenta días como máximo. En el caso de que dicha declaración fuera efectuada por el Poder ejecutivo, la medida deberá ser aprobada o rechazada por el Congreso dentro del plazo de cuarenta y ocho horas.
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El decreto o la ley que declare el Estado de Excepción contendrá las razones y los hechos que se invoquen para su adopción, el tiempo de su vigencia y el territorio afectado, así como los derechos que restrinja.
Durante la vigencia del Estado de Excepción, el Poder ejecutivo sólo podrá ordenar, por decreto y en cada caso, las siguientes medidas: la detención de las personas indiciadas de participar en algunos de esos hechos, su traslado de un punto a otro de la República, así como la prohibición o la restricción de reuniones públicas y de manifestaciones.
En todos los casos, las personas indiciadas tendrán la opción de salir del país.
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El Estado de Excepción no interrumpirá el funcionamiento de los poderes del Estado, la vigencia de esta Constitución ni, específicamente, el hábeas corpus.
… (Art. 288)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishLiberty consists in being able to do anything that does not harm others: thus, the exercise of the natural rights of every man has no bounds other than those that ensure to the other members of society the enjoyment of these same rights. These bounds may be determined only by Law. (1789 Declaration, Art. 4)
- FrenchLa liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui: ainsi, l'exercice des droits naturels de chaque homme n'a de bornes que celles qui assurent aux autres Membres de la Société la jouissance de ces mêmes droits. Ces bornes ne peuvent être déterminées que par la Loi. (Déclaration 1789, Art. 4)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe law guarantees to all the exercise of the fundamental freedoms and rights. It determines the conditions in which they are exercised.
It may only establish[,] concerning these freedoms and these rights, those limits that are indispensable to maintain the public order and democracy.
… (Art. 24) - FrenchLa loi garantit à tous l'exercice des libertés et des droits fondamentaux. Elle détermine les conditions dans lesquelles ils s'exercent.
Elle ne peut fixer de limites à ces libertés et à ces droits que celles qui sont indispensables au maintien de l'ordre public et de la démocratie.
… (Art. 24)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishUnder a state of siege or a state of emergency, the following measures restricting personal freedoms may be taken:
a. obligation to remain in a certain place;
b. detention;
c. detention in buildings not intended for persons accused or convicted of common crimes;
d. restrictions relating to the inviolability of correspondence, the confidentiality of communication, the provision of information and the freedom of the press and of radio and television broadcasting;
e. home search and apprehension;
f. suspension of the freedom of assembly and demonstration;
g. requisitions of goods and services. (Art. 295) - PortugueseAo abrigo do estado de sítio ou de emergência podem ser tomadas as seguintes medidas restritivas da liberdade das pessoas:
a) obrigação de permanência em local determinado;
b) detenção;
c) detenção em edifício não destinado a acusados ou condenados por crimes comuns;
d) restrições relativas à inviolabilidade da correspondência, ao sigilo das comunicações, à prestação de informações e à liberdade de imprensa, radiodifusão e televisão.
e) busca e apreensão em domicílio;
f) suspensão de liberdade de reunião e manifestação;
g) requisição de bens e serviços. (Art. 295)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English… No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. (Amendment XIV, Sec. 1)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishUpon the imposition of martial law or the declaration of a state of emergency, the rights and freedoms specified in Articles 22, 24, 25, 32, 35, and 36 of the Constitution may temporarily be limited. (Art. 145)
- LithuanianĮvedus karo ar nepaprastąją padėtį, laikinai gali būti apribojamos teisės ir laisvės, nurodytos Konstitucijos 22, 24, 25, 32, 35 ir 36 straipsniuose. (145 straipsnis)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. This Constitution is founded upon the following underlying principles—
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e. as all persons have equal status before the law, the only justifiable limitations to lawful rights are those necessary to ensure peaceful human interaction in an open and democratic society;
… (Sec. 12)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
(1) In the Republic of Moldova no law may be adopted which might curtail or restrict the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual and citizen.
(2) The exercise of the rights and freedoms may not be subdued to other restrictions unless for those provided by the law, which are in compliance with the unanimously recognised norms of the international law and are requested in such cases as: the defence of national security, territorial integrity, economic welfare of the country, public order aiming at preventing mass riots and crimes, protection of the rights, freedoms and dignity of other persons, prevention of disclosing confidential information or the guarantee of the power and impartiality of justice.
(3) The provisions under para. (2) does not allow the restrictions of the rights laid down in Articles 20-24.
(4) The restriction has to be proportionate to the situation that caused it and shall not affect the existence of the right or freedom. (Art. 54) - Moldovian
(1) În Republica Moldova nu pot fi adoptate legi care ar suprima sau ar diminua drepturile şi libertăţile fundamentale ale omului şi cetăţeanului.
(2) Exerciţiul drepturilor şi libertăţilor nu poate fi supus altor restrîngeri decît celor prevăzute de lege, care corespund normelor unanim recunoscute ale dreptului internaţional şi sînt necesare în interesele securităţii naţionale, integrităţii teritoriale, bunăstării economice a ţării, ordinii publice, în scopul prevenirii tulburărilor în masă şi infracţiunilor, protejării drepturilor, libertăţilor şi demnităţii altor persoane, împiedicării divulgării informaţiilor confidenţiale sau garantării autorităţii şi imparţialităţii justiţiei.
(3) Prevederile alineatului (2) nu admit restrîngerea drepturilor proclamate în articolele 20-24.
(4) Restrîngerea trebuie să fie proporţională cu situaţia care a determinat-o şi nu poate atinge existenţa dreptului sau a libertăţii. (Art. 54)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
The State guarantees to all citizens the public and individual freedoms,
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Liberty cannot be limited except by the law. (Art. 10) - Arabic
تضمن الدّولة لكافة المواطنين الحرّيات العمومية و الفردية،
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لا تحدّ الحرية إلا بقانون. (المادّة 10) - French
L'État garantit à tous les citoyens les libertés publiques et individuelles,
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La liberté ne peut être limitée que par la loi. (Art. 10)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English...
(5) During a period of public emergency, the President may make such regulations and take such measures as appear to him to be necessary or expedient for the purpose of maintaining and securing peace, order and good government in Sierra Leone or any part thereof.
(6) Without derogating from the generality of the powers conferred by subsection (5) and notwithstanding the provisions of this Chapter, the regulations or measures may, so far as appears to the President to be necessary or expedient for any of the purposes mentioned in that subsection—
a. make provision for the detention of persons, the restriction of the movement of persons within defined localities, and the deportation and exclusion of persons other than citizens of Sierra Leone from Sierra Leone or any part thereof;
b. authorise—
i. the taking of possession or control on behalf of the Government of any property or undertaking;
ii. the acquisition on behalf of the Government of any property other than land;
c. authorise the entering and search of any premises;
d. amend any law, suspend the operation of any law, and apply any law with or without modification:
Provided that such amendment, suspension or modification shall not apply to this Constitution;
e. provide for charging, in respect of the grant or issue of any licence, permit, certificate or other document for the purpose of the regulations, such fees as may be prescribed by or under the regulations;
f. provide for payment of compensation and remuneration to persons affected by the regulations;
g. provide for the apprehension, trial and punishment of persons offending against the regulations;
h. provide for maintaining such supplies and services as are, in the opinion of the President, essential to the life and well-being of the community:
Provided that nothing in this subsection shall authorise the making of regulations during a period of public emergency for the trial of persons who are not members of defence forces by military courts.
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(18) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of this section to the extent that the law in question authorises the taking during a period of a state of public emergency of measures that are reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists immediately before and during that period of a state of public emergency. (Sec. 29)