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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Korea, Republic of
- English1. The state shall endeavor to realize the land-to-the-tillers principle with respect to agricultural land. Tenant farming shall be prohibited.
2. The leasing of agricultural land and the consignment management of agricultural land to increase agricultural productivity and to ensure the rational utilization of agricultural land or due to unavoidable circumstances, shall be recognized under the conditions as prescribed by law. (Art. 121) - Korean①국가는 농지에 관하여 경자유전의 원칙이 달성될 수 있도록 노력하여야 하며, 농지의 소작제도는 금지된다.
②농업생산성의 제고와 농지의 합리적인 이용을 위하거나 불가피한 사정으로 발생하는 농지의 임대차와 위탁경영은 법률이 정하는 바에 의하여 인정된다. (제121조)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Slovenia
- EnglishThe manner in which property is acquired and enjoyed shall be established by law so as to ensure its economic, social, and environmental function.
The manner and conditions of inheritance shall be established by law. (Art. 67) - SloveneZakon določa način pridobivanja in uživanja lastnine tako, da je zagotovljena njena gospodarska, socialna in ekološka funkcija.
Zakon določa način in pogoje dedovanja. (67. Člen)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Liberia
- Englisha. The property which a person possesses at the time of marriage or which may afterwards be acquired as a result of one’s own labors shall not be held for or otherwise applied to the liquidation of the debts or other obligations of the spouse, whether contracted before or after marriage; nor shall the property which by law is to be secured to a man or a woman be alienated or be controlled by that person’s spouse save by free and voluntary consent.
b. The Legislature shall enact laws to govern the devolution of estates and establish rights of inheritance and descent for spouses of both statutory and customary marriages so as to give adequate protection to surviving spouses and children of such marriages. (Art. 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Guyana
- EnglishLand is for social use and must go to the tiller. (Art. 18)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Malaysia
- English...
13. Native law and custom, including the personal law relating to marriage, divorce, guardianship, maintenance, adoption, legitimacy, family law, gifts or succession, testate or intestate; registration of adoptions under native law or custom; the determination of matters of native law or custom; the constitution, organization, and procedure of native courts (including the right of audience in such courts), and the jurisdiction and powers of such courts, which shall extend only to the matters included in this paragraph and shall not include jurisdiction in respect of offences except in so far as conferred by federal law.
… (Ninth Schedule, List IIA—Supplement to State List for States of Sabah and Sarawak, [Article 95B(1)(a)]) - Malay...
13. Undang-undang dan adat anak negeri, termasuk undang-undang diri yang berhubungan dengan perkahwinan, perceraian, penjagaan, nafkah, pengangkatan, kesahtarafan, undang-undang keluarga, alang atau pewarisan, berwasiat atau tidak berwasiat; pendaftaran pengangkatan di bawah undang-undang atau adat anak negeri; penentuan perkara perkara mengenai undang-undang atau adat anak negeri; keanggotaan, susunan, dan tatacara mahkamah anak negeri (termasuk hak untuk didengar di dalam mahkamah itu), dan bidang kuasa dan kuasa mahkamah itu, yang hendaklah meliputi hanya perkara yang termasuk dalam perenggan ini sahaja dan tidaklah termasuk bidang kuasa berkenaan dengan kesalahan kecuali setakat yang diberikan oleh undang-undang persekutuan.
… (Jadual Kesembilan, Senarai IIA—Tambahan kepada Senarai Negeri bagi Negeri Sabah dan Sarawak, [Perkara 95B(1)(a)])
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Nauru
- EnglishWhereas every person in Nauru is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, has the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following freedoms, namely:-
(a) …, the enjoyment of property and the protection of the law;
… (Art. 3)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Mauritius
- English1. Subject to subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
3. In this section, 'discriminatory" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, caste, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages that are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision
…
c. for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters that is the personal law applicable to persons of that description.
… (Sec. 16)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Mexico
- EnglishEvery person has the right to dignified and socially useful work. To this effect, the creation of jobs [empleos] and the social organization of work shall be promoted, in accordance with the law.
The Congress of the Union, without contravening the following bases[,] must adopt laws concerning work, which will govern:
A. Among the workers, day laborers, domestic servants, artisans and in a general manner any contract of labor:
…
XXVIII. The laws will determine the assets that constitute the patrimony of the family, the assets that will be inalienable, [that] may not be subject to encumbrances [gravámenes reales] or attachments [embargos], and that will be transferable by titles of inheritance with simplification of the formalities of the proceedings of succession [juicios sucesorios].
… (Art. 123) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho al trabajo digno y socialmente útil; al efecto, se promoverán la creación de empleos y la organización social de trabajo, conforme a la ley.
El Congreso de la Unión, sin contravenir a las bases siguientes deberá expedir leyes sobre el trabajo, las cuales regirán:
A. Entre los obreros, jornaleros, empleados domésticos, artesanos y de una manera general, todo contrato de trabajo:
…
XXVIII. Las leyes determinarán los bienes que constituyan el patrimonio de la familia, bienes que serán inalienables, no podrán sujetarse a gravámenes reales ni embargos, y serán transmisibles a título de herencia con simplificación de las formalidades de los juicios sucesorios.
… (Art. 123)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Nepal
- EnglishThe State shall pursue the following policies:
…
(e) Policies relating to agriculture and land reforms:
(1) to make scientific land reforms having regard to the interests of the farmers, while ending the dual ownership existing in the lands,
… (Art. 51) - Nepaliराज्यले देहायका नीतिहरू अवलम्बन गर्नेछः–
...
(ङ) कृषि र भूमिसुधार सम्बन्धी नीतिः
(१) भूमिमा रहेको दोहोरो स्वामित्व अन्त्य गर्दै किसानको हितलाई ध्यानमा राखी वैज्ञानिक भूमिसुधार गर्ने,
... (धारा ५१)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Solomon Islands
- EnglishParliament shall provide, in relation to any compulsory acquisition of customary land or any right over or interest in it, that:-
(a) before such land is compulsorily acquired, there shall be prior negotiations with the owner of the land, right or interest;
(b) the owner shall have a right of access to independent legal advice; and
(c) so far as practicable the interest so acquired shall be limited to a fixed-term interest. (Sec. 112)