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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
Nigeria
- English(1) An appeal shall lie from decisions of the Federal High Court or a High Court to the Court of Appeal as of right in the following cases –
…
(c) decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to the interpretation or application of this Constitution;
(d) decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to whether any of the provisions of Chapter IV of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be, contravened in relation to any person;
… (Sec. 241)
Jurisdiction and Access
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishThe following are functions of the Constitutional Division of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice:
1. To declare the nullity, in whole or in part, of national laws and other acts of National Assembly with the force of law, which are in conflict with this Constitution.
2. To declare the nullity, in whole or in part, of state Constitutions and laws, municipal ordinances and other acts of the deliberating bodies of the States and Municipalities which are issued by way of direct and immediate implementation of the Constitution and are in conflict with the same.
3. To declare the nullity, in whole or in part, of acts of the National Executive with the force of law, which are in conflict with this Constitution.
4. To declare the nullity, in whole or in part, of acts issued by way of direct and immediate implementation of the Constitution by any other government organ exercising Public Power.
5. To verify, at the request of the President of the Republic or the National Assembly, the constitutionality of international treaties signed by the Republic, prior to ratification of the same.
6. To review in all cases, even ex officio, the constitutionality of decree of the President of the Republic decreeing states of exception.
7. To declare the unconstitutionality of omissions on the part of the municipal, state, national or legislatures, in failing to promulgate rules or measures essential to guaranteeing compliance with the Constitution, or promulgating it in an incomplete manner; and to establish the time limit and, where necessary, guidelines for correcting the deficiencies.
8. To resolve any conflicts existing between different provisions of law, and declare which of the same must prevail.
9. To resolve constitutional controversies arising between any of the organs of Public Power.
10. To review judgments embodying constitutional protective orders or control on the constitutionality of laws or juridical rules, handed down by the courts of the Republic, on the terms established by the pertinent organic law.
11. Any other functions established by this Constitution or by law. (Art. 336) - SpanishSon atribuciones de la Sala Constitucional del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia:
1. Declarar la nulidad total o parcial de las leyes nacionales y demás actos con rango de ley de los cuerpos legislativos nacionales que colidan con esta Constitución.
2. Declarar la nulidad total o parcial de las Constituciones y leyes estadales, de las ordenanzas municipales y demás actos de los cuerpos deliberantes de los Estados y Municipios dictados en ejecución directa e inmediata de la Constitución y que colidan con ésta.
3. Declarar la nulidad total o parcial de los actos con rango de ley dictados por el Ejecutivo Nacional que colidan con esta Constitución.
4. Declarar la nulidad total o parcial de los actos en ejecución directa e inmediata de esta Constitución, dictados por cualquier otro órgano estatal en ejercicio del Poder Público, cuando colidan con ésta.
5. Verificar, a solicitud del Presidente o Presidenta de la República o de la Asamblea Nacional, la conformidad de la Constitución con los tratados internacionales suscritos por la República antes de su ratificación.
6. Revisar, en todo caso, aun de oficio, la constitucionalidad de los decretos que declaren estados de excepción dictados por el Presidente o Presidenta de la República.
7. Declarar la inconstitucionalidad de las omisiones del legislador o la legisladora nacional, estadal o municipal, cuando haya dejado de dictar las normas o medidas indispensables para garantizar el cumplimiento de la Constitución, o las haya dictado en forma incompleta, y establecer el plazo y, de ser necesario, los lineamientos de su corrección.
8. Resolver las colisiones que existan entre diversas disposiciones legales y declarar cuál de éstas debe prevalecer.
9. Dirimir las controversias constitucionales que se susciten entre cualesquiera de los órganos del Poder Público.
10. Revisar las sentencias de amparo constitucional y de control de constitucionalidad de leyes o normas jurídicas dictadas por los Tribunales de la República, en los términos establecidos por la ley orgánica.
11. Las demás que establezcan esta Constitución y la ley. (Art. 336)
Jurisdiction and Access
Pakistan
- English(1) Subject to this Article, the Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from judgements, decrees, final orders or sentences of a High Court.
(2) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgement, decree, final order or sentence of a High Court-
…
(f) if the High Court certifies that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution.
… (Art. 185) - Urdu(ا) اس آرٹیکل کے تابع، عدالت عظمٰی کو کسی عدالت عالیہ کے صادر کردہ فیصلوں، ڈگریوں ، حتمی احکام یا سزاؤں کے خلاف اپیلوں کی سماعت کرنے اور ان پر فیصلہ صادر کرنے کا اختیار ہو گا۔
(۲) کسی عدالت عالیہ کے صادر کردہ کسی فیصلے، ڈگری، حتمی حکم یا سزا کے خلاف اپیل عدالت عظمٰی میں دائرکی جا سکے گی۔
...
(و) اگر عدالت عالیہ اس امر کی تصدیق کر دے کہ مقدمے میں دستور کی تعبیر کے بارے میں کوئی اہم قانونی مسئلہ درپیش ہے۔
…(آرٹیکل ۱۸۵)
Jurisdiction and Access
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- English(1) Subsection (2) applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of primary legislation is compatible with a Convention right.
(2) If the court is satisfied that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right, it may make a declaration of that incompatibility.
(3) Subsection (4) applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of subordinate legislation, made in the exercise of a power conferred by primary legislation, is compatible with a Convention right.
(4) If the court is satisfied—
(a) that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right, and
(b) that (disregarding any possibility of revocation) the primary legislation concerned prevents removal of the incompatibility,it may make a declaration of that incompatibility.
(5) In this section “court” means—
(a) the Supreme Court;
(b) the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council;
(c) the Court Martial Appeal Court;
(d) in Scotland, the High Court of Justiciary sitting otherwise than as a trial court or the Court of Session;
(e) in England and Wales or Northern Ireland, the High Court or the Court of Appeal.
(f) the Court of Protection, in any matter being dealt with by the President of the Family Division, the Chancellor of the High Court] or a puisne judge of the High Court.
... (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 4)6
Jurisdiction and Access
Sierra Leone
- English(1) The Supreme Court shall, save as otherwise provided in section 122 of this Constitution, have original jurisdiction, to the exclusion of all other Courts—
a. in all matters relating to the enforcement or interpretation of any provision of this Constitution; and
b. where any question arises whether an enactment was made in excess of the power conferred upon Parliament or any other authority or person by law or under this Constitution.
(2) Where any question relating to any matter or question as is referred to in subsection (1) arises in any proceedings in any Court, other than the Supreme Court, that Court shall stay the proceedings and refer the question of law involved to the Supreme Court for determination; and the Court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with the decision of the Supreme Court. (Sec. 124)
Jurisdiction and Access
Cambodia
- EnglishThe King, the Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly or one-tenth of the National Assembly’s Members, the President of the Senate or one-fourth of the Senators, may send the laws adopted by the National Assembly to the Constitutional Council for examination before their promulgation.
The rules of procedure of the National Assembly, the rules of procedure of the Senate and the organic laws must be sent to the Constitutional Council for examination before their promulgation. … (Art. 140) - Khmerព្រះមហាក្សត្រ នាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រី ប្រធានរដ្ឋសភា តំណាងរាស្រ្តចំនួនមួយភាគដប់ ប្រធានព្រឹទ្ធសភា ឬសមាជិកព្រឹទ្ធសភាចំនួយមួយភាគបួន អាចបញ្ជូនច្បាប់ ដែលរដ្ឋសភាបានអនុម័តទៅឱ្យក្រុមប្រឹក្សាធម្មនុញ្ញពិនិត្យ មុននឹងច្បាប់នោះត្រូវប្រកាសឱ្យប្រើ។
បទបញ្ជាផ្ទៃក្នុង រដ្ឋសភា បទបញ្ជាផ្ទៃក្នុងព្រឹទ្ធសភា និងច្បាប់រៀបចំអង្គការ ទាំងឡាយ ត្រូវតែបញ្ជូនទៅក្រុមប្រឹក្សាធម្មនុញ្ញពិនិត្យ មុននឹងប្រកាសឱ្យប្រើ។ … (មាត្រា ១៤០)
Jurisdiction and Access
Thailand
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court has duties and powers as follows:
(1) to consider and adjudicate on the constitutionality of a law or bill;
(2) to consider and adjudicate on a question regarding duties and powers of the House of Representative, the Senate, the National Assembly, the Council of Ministers or Independent Organs;
(3) others duties and powers prescribed in the Constitution.
The submission of a petition and the conditions for submitting a petition, the consideration and adjudication, the rendering of a decision, and the operation of the Court, except as prescribed by the Constitution, shall be in accordance with the Organic Act on the Procedures of the Constitutional Court. ... (Sec. 210) - Thaiศาลรัฐธรรมนูญมีหน้าที่และอํานาจดังต่อไปนี้
(๑) พิจารณาวินิจฉัยความชอบด้วยรัฐธรรมนูญของกฎหมายหรือร่างกฎหมาย
(๒) พิจารณาวินิจฉัยปัญหาเกี่ยวกับหน้าที่และอํานาจของสภาผู้แทนราษฎร วุฒิสภา รัฐสภา คณะรัฐมนตรี หรือองค์กรอิสระ
(๓) หน้าที่และอํานาจอื่นตามที่บัญญัติไว้ในรัฐธรรมนูญ
การยื่นคําร้องและเงื่อนไขการยื่นคําร้อง การพิจารณาวินิจฉัย การทําคําวินิจฉัย และการดําเนินงานของศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ นอกจากที่บัญญัติไว้ในรัฐธรรมนูญแล้ว ให้เป็นไปตามพระราชบัญญัติประกอบรัฐธรรมนูญว่าด้วยวิธีพิจารณาของศาลรัฐธรรมนูญ ... (มาตรา ๒๑๐)
Jurisdiction and Access
Nauru
- EnglishThe President or a Minister may, in accordance with the approval of the Cabinet, refer to the Supreme Court for its opinion any question concerning the interpretation or effect of any provision of this Constitution which has arisen or appears to the Cabinet likely to arise, and the Supreme Court shall pronounce in open court its opinion on the question. (Art. 55)
Jurisdiction and Access
Togo
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court is the highest jurisdiction of the State in constitutional matters. It is [the] judge the constitutionality of the law and it guarantees the fundamental rights of the human person and of the public freedoms. It is the regulatory organ of the functioning of the institutions and of the activity of the public powers. (Art. 99)
- FrenchLa Cour constitutionnelle est la plus haute juridiction de l'Etat en matière constitutionnelle. Elle est juge de la constitutionnalité de la loi et elle garantit les droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine et les libertés publiques. Elle est l'organe régulateur du fonctionnement des institutions et de l'activité des pouvoirs publics. (Art. 99)
Jurisdiction and Access
Yemen
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of the Republic is the highest judicial authority. The law shall specify how it can be formed, clarify its functions and the procedures to be followed before it. It shall undertake to do the following:
a. Judge on cases and pleas that laws, regulations, by-laws and decisions are not constitutional.
b. Judge disputes over conflict of jurisdiction.
c. Investigate and give opinions regarding appeals referred by the House of Representatives which relate to its membership.
d. Rule on appeals of final judgments in civilian, commercial, criminal, personal and administrative disputes and disciplinary cases according to the law.
e. To try the President of the Republic, the Vice President, the Prime Minister, his deputies, the ministers and their deputies according to the law. (Art. 153) - Arabicالمحكمة العليا للجمهورية هي أعلى هيئة قضائية ، ويحدد القانون كيفية تشكيلها ويبين اختصاصاتها والإجراءات التي تتبع أمامها ، وتمارس على وجه الخصوص في مجال القضاء ما يلي:
أ.الفصل في الدعاوى والدفوع المتعلقة بعدم دستورية القوانين واللوائح والأنظمة والقرارات.
ب.الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص بين جهات القضاء.
ج.التحقيق وإبداء الرأي في صحة الطعون المحالة إليها من مجلس النواب المتعلقة بصحة عضوية أي من أعضائه.
د.الفصل في الطعون في الاحكام النهائية وذلك في القضايا المدنية والتجارية والجنائية والأحوال الشخصية والمنازعات الإدارية والدعاوى التأديبية وفقاً للقانون.
ه.محاكمة رئيس الجمهورية ونائب الرئيس ورئيس الوزراء ونوابه والوزراء ونوابهم وفقاً للقانون.( مادة 153)