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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Employment Rights and Protection
Guatemala
- EnglishThe Guatemalans have the right to opt for public employment or office and to do so only their capabilities, fitness, and honesty will be taken into account. (Art. 113)
- SpanishLos guatemaltecos tienen derecho a optar a empleos o cargos públicos y para su otorgamiento no se atenderá más que a razones fundadas en méritos de capacidad, idoneidad y honradez. (Art. 113)
Employment Rights and Protection
Philippines
- EnglishThe State affirms labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the rights of workers and promote their welfare. (Art. II, Sec. 18)
- FilipinoNaninindigan ang Estado na ang paggawa ay siyang pangunahing pwersang pangkabuhayan ng lipunan. Dapat nitong pangalagaan ang mga karapatan ng mga manggagawa at itaguyod ang kanilang kagalingan. (Art. II, Seksyon 18)
Employment Rights and Protection
Ukraine
- English… Equality of the rights of women and men shall be ensured by providing women with opportunities equal to those of men in public, political and cultural activities, in obtaining education and in professional training, in work and remuneration for it; by taking special measures for the protection of work and health of women; by establishing pension privileges; by creating conditions that make it possible for women to combine work and motherhood; by adopting legal protection, material and moral support of motherhood and childhood, including the provision of paid leave and other privileges to pregnant women and mothers. (Art. 24)
- Ukrainian… Рівність прав жінки і чоловіка забезпечується: наданням жінкам рівних з чоловіками можливостей у громадсько-політичній і культурній діяльності, у здобутті освіти і професійній підготовці, у праці та винагороді за неї; спеціальними заходами щодо охорони праці і здоров'я жінок, встановленням пенсійних пільг; створенням умов, які дають жінкам можливість поєднувати працю з материнством; правовим захистом, матеріальною і моральною підтримкою материнства і дитинства, включаючи надання оплачуваних відпусток та інших пільг вагітним жінкам і матерям. (Стаття 24)
Employment Rights and Protection
Namibia
- English(1) All persons shall have the right to:
…
(j) practise any profession, or carry on any occupation, trade or business.
… (Art. 21)
Employment Rights and Protection
Honduras
- EnglishThe law shall determine which employers, according to their capital and the total number of workers, shall be required to provide them and their families with educational, health, housing and other services. (Art. 141)
- SpanishLa Ley determinará los patronos que por el monto de su capital o el número de sus trabajadores, estarán obligados a proporcionar a éstos y a sus familias, servicios de educación, salud, vivienda o de otra naturaleza. (Art. 141)
Employment Rights and Protection
Thailand
- EnglishThe State should organise an economic system which provides opportunities for the people to all together benefit from the economic growth in a comprehensive, fair and sustainable manner and to be self-reliant in accordance with the philosophy of sufficiency economy, should eliminate unfair economic monopoly, and should develop economic competitiveness of the people and the country. ...
The State shall promote, support, protect and stabilise the system of various types of co-operatives, and small and medium enterprises of the people and communities. ... (Sec. 75) - Thaiรัฐพึงจัดระบบเศรษฐกิจให้ประชาชนมีโอกาสได้รับประโยชน์จากความเจริญเติบโตทางเศรษฐกิจไปพร้อมกันอย่างทั่วถึง เป็นธรรม และยั่งยืน สามารถพึ่งพาตนเองได้ตามหลักปรัชญา ของเศรษฐกิจพอเพียง ขจัดการผูกขาดทางเศรษฐกิจที่ไม่เป็นธรรม และพัฒนาความสามารถในการแข่งขันทางเศรษฐกิจของประชาชนและประเทศ ...
รัฐพึงส่งเสริม สนับสนุน คุ้มครอง และสร้างเสถียรภาพให้แก่ระบบสหกรณ์ประเภทต่างๆ ตลอดจนกิจการวิสาหกิจขนาดย่อมและขนาดกลางของประชาชนและชุมชน ... (มาตรา ๗๕)
Employment Rights and Protection
New Zealand
- EnglishFor the avoidance of doubt it is hereby declared that preferential treatment granted by reason of—
(a) a woman’s pregnancy or childbirth; or
(b) a person’s responsibility for part-time care or full-time care of children or other dependants— shall not constitute a breach of this Part. (Human Rights Act 1993, Sec. 74)
Employment Rights and Protection
Seychelles
- EnglishThe State recognises the right of every citizen to work and to just and favourable conditions of work and with a view to ensuring the effective exercise of these rights the State undertakes−
(a) to take necessary measures to achieve and maintain a high and stable level of employment, as is practicable, with a view to attaining full employment;
(b) subject to such restrictions as are necessary in a democratic society, to protect effectively the right of a citizen to earn a dignified living in a freely chosen occupation, profession or trade;
(c) to promote vocational guidance and training;
(d) to make and enforce statutory provisions for safe, healthy and fair conditions of work, including reasonable rest, leisure, paid holidays, remuneration which guarantees, as a minimum, dignified and decent living conditions for the workers and their families, fair and equal wages for work of equal value without distinction and stability of employment.
… (Art. 35)
Employment Rights and Protection
Panama
- EnglishMotherhood of the working woman is protected. The pregnant woman may not be separated from her public or private employment for this reason. For a minimum of six weeks prior to confinement and eight weeks thereafter, she is entitled to rest with the same remuneration that she was receiving, and her job shall be kept for her, as well as all the rights inherent to her contract. Upon returning to work, the mother may not be dismissed for one year, except in special cases prescribed by law, which shall in addition, regulate the special working conditions of the pregnant woman. (Art. 72)
- SpanishSe protege la maternidad de la mujer trabajadora. La que esté en estado de gravidez no podrá ser separada de su empleo público o particular por esta causa. Durante un mínimo de seis semanas precedentes al parto y las ocho que le siguen, gozará de descanso forzoso retribuido del mismo modo que su trabajo y conservará el empleo y todos los derechos correspondientes a su contrato. AI reincorporarse la madre trabajadora a su empleo no podrá ser despedida por el término de un año, salvo en casos especiales previstos en la Ley, la cual reglamentará además, las condiciones especiales de trabajo de la mujer en estado de preñez. (Art. 72)
Employment Rights and Protection
Yemen
- EnglishWork is a right, an honour, and a necessity for society's progress. Every citizen has the right to choose the appropriate work for himself within the law. No citizen can be compelled to do any work except within the law, and in which case it is to serve the common interest and be in return for a fair wage. The law shall regulate union activities and professional work, and the relationship between workers and employers. (Art. 29)
- Arabicالعمل حق وشرف وضرورة لتطوير المجتمع ولكل مواطن الحق في ممارسة العمل الذي يختاره لنفسه في حدود القانون ولا يجوز فرض أي عمل جبراً على المواطنين إلا بمقتضى قانون ولأداء خدمة عامة وبمقابل أجر عادل، وينظم القانون العمل النقابي والمهني والعلاقة بين العمال وأصحاب العمل. (المادّة 29)