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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. Recourse to the Constitutional Court is sought upon the request of the:
a) President of the Republic;
b) Prime Minister;
c) Not less than one-fifth of the members of Assembly;
ç) Peoples Advocate;
d) Head of High State Audit;
dh) Any court, as per the provisions of Article 145, paragraph 2, of this Constitution;
e) Any commissioner established by law for the protection of the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution;
ë) High Judicial Council and High Prosecutorial Council;
f) Local governance units;
g) Organs of religious communities;
gj) Political parties;
h) Organizations;
i) Individuals.
2. The entities provided for in subparagraphs “d”, “dh”, “e”, “ë”, “f”, “g”, “gj”, “h”, and “i” of paragraph 1 of this Article may file a request only regarding the issues connected to their interests. (Art. 134) - Albanian
1. Gjykata Kushtetuese vihet në lëvizje me kërkesë të: a) Presidentit të Republikës;
b) Kryeministrit;
c) jo më pak se një të pestës së deputetëve;
ç) Avokatit të Popullit;
d) Kryetarit të Kontrollit të Lartë të Shtetit;
dh) çdo gjykate, sipas nenit 145, pika 2, të kësaj Kushtetute;
e) çdo komisioneri të krijuar me ligj për mbrojtjen e të drejtave dhe lirive themelore të garantuara nga Kushtetuta;
ë) Këshillit të Lartë Gjyqësor dhe Këshillit të Lartë të Prokurorisë; f) organeve të qeverisjes vendore;
g) organeve të bashkësive fetare;
gj) partive politike;
h) organizatave;
i) individëve.
2. Subjektet e parashikuara nga nënparagrafët “d”, “dh”, “e”, “ë”, “f”, “g”, “gj”, “h” dhe “i”, të paragrafit 1, të këtij neni, mund të bëjnë kërkesë vetëm për çështje që lidhen me interesat e tyre. (Neni 134)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Court may be referred to [a matter] of a pleading of unconstitutionality on remand of the Supreme Court or of the Council of State, when one of the parties in the process sustains before a jurisdiction that the legislative or regulatory provision on which the outcome of the litigation depends infringes the rights and the freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution.
... (Art. 195) - Arabic
يمكن إخطار المحكمة الدستورية بالدفع بعدم الدستورية بناء على إحالة من المحكمة العليا أو مجلس الدولة، عندما يدعي أحد األطراف في المحاكمة أمام جهة قضائية أن الحكم التشريعي أو التنظيمي الذي يتوقف عليه مآل النزاع ينتهك حقوقه وحرياته التي يضمنها الدستور.
... (المــادة 195) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle peut être saisie d’une exception d’inconstitutionnalité sur renvoi de la Cour suprême ou du Conseil d’Etat, lorsque l’une des parties au procès soutient devant une juridiction que la disposition législative ou réglementaire dont dépend l’issue du litige porte atteinte à ses droits et libertés tels que garantis par la Constitution.
... (Art. 195)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. As long as the Constitutional Court is not legally established, the administration of justice on matters of a legal and constitutional nature shall be carried out by the Supreme Court of Justice, which shall be responsible for:
a) Assessing the unconstitutionality and illegality, pursuant to Articles 144 to 150;
b) Exercising the powers pursuant to Article 133.
… (Art. 156) - Portuguese1. Enquanto o Tribunal Constitucional não for legalmente instalado, a administração da justiça em matéria de natureza jurídico-constitucional passa a ser feita pelo Supremo Tribunal de Justiça, ao qual compete:
a) Apreciar a inconstitucionalidade e a ilegalidade, nos termos dos Artigos 144.º a 150.º;
b) Exercer as competências previstas no Artigo 133.º.
… (Art. 156)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
…
11. The Supreme Court shall be the guardian of this Constitution and the final authority on its interpretation.
… (Art. 1) - Dzongkha
…
༡༡) མངོན་མཐོ་ཁྲིམས་འདུན་འདི་ རྩ་ཁྲིམས་ཆེན་མོ་འདིའི་གཞི་འཛིན་དང་ དེའི་དོན་འགྲེལ་ མཐའ་གཅོད་ཀྱི་དབང་འཛིན་ཨིན།
... ༼རྩ་ཚན་༡༽
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Constitutional Court shall:
1. provide binding interpretations of the Constitution;
2. rule on constitutionality of the laws and other acts passed by the National Assembly and the acts of the President;
3. rule on competence disputes between the National Assembly, the President and the Council of Ministers, and between the bodies of local self-government and the central executive branch of government;
4. rule on the compatibility between the Constitution and the international treaties concluded by the Republic of Bulgaria prior to their ratification, and on the compatibility of domestic laws with the universally recognized norms of international law and the international treaties to which Bulgaria is a party;
5. rule on challenges to the constitutionality of political parties and associations;
6. rule on challenges to the legality of the election of the President and Vice President;
7. rule on challenges to the legality of an election of a Member of the National Assembly;
8. rule on impeachments by the National Assembly against the President or the Vice President.
(2) No authority of the Constitutional Court shall be vested or suspended by law. (Art. 149) - Bulgarian(1) Конституционният съд:
1. дава задължителни тълкувания на Конституцията;
2. произнася се по искане за установяване на противоконституционност на законите и нɚ другите актове на Народното събрание, както и на актовете на президента;
3. решава спорове за компетентност между Народното събрание, президента ɢ Министерския съвет, както и между органите на местно самоуправление и централнитɟ изпълнителни органи;
4. произнася се за съответствието на сключените от Република България международнɢ договори с Конституцията преди ратификацията им, както и за съответствие на законите ɫ общопризнатите норми на международното право и с международните договори, по които Българиɹ е страна;
5. произнася се по спорове за конституционността на политическите партии и сдружения;
6. произнася се по спорове за законността на избора за президент и вицепрезидент;
7. произнася се по спорове за законността на избора на народен представител;
8. произнася се по обвинения, повдигнати от Народното събрание срещу президента ɢ вицепрезидента.
(2) Със закон не могат да се дават или отнемат правомощия на Конституционния съд. (Чл. 149)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The Constitutional Council is the institution competent in constitutional and electoral matters. It is charged to decide on the constitutionality of the laws, of the ordinances as well as the conformity of the international treaties and agreements with the Constitution.
It interprets the provisions of the Constitution. It controls the regularity, the transparency and the sincerity of the referendum, of the presidential elections, legislative [elections] and is the judge of electoral disputes.
It proclaims the definitive results of the referendum, [and] of the presidential and legislative elections.
... (Art. 152) - French
Le Conseil constitutionnel est l'institution compétente en matière constitutionnelle et électorale. Il est chargé de statuer sur la constitutionnalité des lois, des ordonnances ainsi que la conformité des traités et accords internationaux avec la Constitution.
Il interprète les dispositions de la Constitution. Il contrôle la régularité, la transparence et la sincérité du référendum, des élections présidentielles, législatives et est juge du contentieux électoral.
Il proclame les résultats définitifs des élections présidentielles, législatives et locales.
... (Art. 152)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The Supreme Court shall be the custodian of this Constitution and the constitutions of the states.
2. The Supreme Court shall exercise competences as follows:
a. interpret constitutional provisions at the instance of the President, Government of South Sudan, any state government, or any of the two Houses of the National Legislature;
b. be the court of final judicial instance in respect of any litigation or prosecution under National or state law, including statutory and customary law;
c. have original jurisdiction to decide on disputes that arise under this Constitution and the constitutions of states at the instance of individuals, juridical entities or governments;
d. adjudicate on the constitutionality of laws and set aside or strike down laws or provisions of laws that are inconsistent with this Constitution or the constitutions of the states to the extent of the inconsistency;
e. be a court of review and cassation in respect of any criminal, civil and administrative matters arising out of or under the law;
f. have criminal jurisdiction over the President in accordance with Article 103 (2) herein;
g. have criminal jurisdiction over the Vice President, the Speakers of the National Legislative Assembly and the Council of States and the Justices of the Supreme Court;
h. review death sentences imposed by courts in respect of offences committed under the law;
i. receive appeals against decisions and judgments of the courts of appeal;
j. have original and final jurisdiction to resolve disputes between the states and between the National Government and a state in respect of areas of exclusive, concurrent or residual competences;
k. uphold and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms; and
l. have such other competences as prescribed by this Constitution and the law.
… (Art. 126)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
2. The Constitutional Court of Georgia is a judicial body of constitutional control. The procedure for its creation and activity shall be determined by the organic law.
… (Art. 59) - Georgian…
2. საკონსტიტუციო კონტროლის სასამართლო ორგანოა საქართველოს საკონსტიტუციო სასამართლო. მისი შექმნისა და საქმიანობის წესი განისაზღვრება ორგანული კანონით.
… (მუხლი 59)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishInstitutional Acts, before their promulgation, Private Members’ Bills mentioned in article 11 before they are submitted to referendum, and the rules of procedure of the Houses of Parliament shall, before coming into force, be referred to the Constitutional Council, which shall rule on their conformity with the Constitution.
To the same end, Acts of Parliament may be referred to the Constitutional Council, before their promulgation, by the President of the Republic, the Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly, the President of the Senate, sixty Members of the National Assembly or sixty Senators.
… (1958 Constitution, Art. 61) - FrenchLes lois organiques, avant leur promulgation, les propositions de loi mentionnées à l'article 11 avant qu'elles ne soient soumises au référendum, et les règlements des assemblées parlementaires, avant leur mise en application, doivent être soumis au Conseil constitutionnel qui se prononce sur leur conformité à la Constitution.
Aux mêmes fins, les lois peuvent être déférées au Conseil constitutionnel, avant leur promulgation, par le Président de la République, le Premier ministre, le président de l'Assemblée nationale, le président du Sénat ou soixante députés ou soixante sénateurs.
… (Constitution 1958, Art. 61)