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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Philippines
- EnglishPhilippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired in the manner provided by law. (Art. IV, Sec. 3)
- FilipinoAng pagkamamamayang Pilipino ay maaaring mawala o muling matamo sa paraang itinatadhana ng batas. (Art. IV, Seksyon 3)
Citizenship and Nationality
Cyprus
- English1. The following provisions shall have effect until a law of citizenship is made incorporating such provisions—
a. any matter relating to citizenship shall be governed by the provisions of Annex D to the Treaty of Establishment;
b. any person born in Cyprus, on or after the date of the coming into operation of this Constitution, shall become on the date of his birth a citizen of the Republic if on that date his father has become a citizen of the Republic or would but for his death have become such a citizen under the provisions of Annex D to the Treaty of Establishment.
2. For the purposes of this Article "Treaty of Establishment" means the Treaty concerning the Establishment of the Republic of Cyprus between the Republic, the Kingdom of Greece, the Republic of Turkey and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. (Art. 198) - Greek1. Αι επόμεναι διατάξεις ισχύουσι, μέχρις ου ψηφισθή νόμος περί ιθαγενείας περιλαμβάνων τας διατάξεις ταύτας:
(α) παν θέμα αναφερόμενον εις την ιθαγένειαν διέπεται υπό των διατάξεων του παραρτήματος Δ της συνθήκης εγκαθιδρύσεως, και
(β) ο γεννώμενος εν Κύπρω κατά την ημερομηνίαν ενάρξεως της ισχύος του Συντάγματος ή μετ’ αυτήν αποκτά δια της γεννήσεως την ιθαγένειαν της Δημοκρατίας, εάν ο πατήρ αυτού είχεν αποκτήσει την ιθαγένειαν της Δημοκρατίας, κατά την ημερομηνίαν ταύτην ή θα απέκτα τοιαύτην ιθαγένειαν δυνάμει των διατάξεων του παραρτήματος Δ της συνθήκης εγκαθιδρύσεως, εάν δεν είχεν αποθάνει.
2. Εν τω παρόντι άρθρω «συνθήκη εγκαθιδρύσεως» σημαίνει την συνθήκην μεταξύ της Δημοκρατίας της Κύπρου, του Βασιλείου της Ελλάδος, της Δημοκρατίας της Τουρκίας και του Ηνωμένου Βασιλείου της Μεγάλης Βρεταννίας και Βορείου Ιρλανδίας, την αναφερομένην εις την εγκαθίδρυσιν της Δημοκρατίας της Κύπρου. (Αρθρον 198) - Turkish1. Aşağıdaki hükümler, bu hükümleri içine alan bir vatandaşlık kanunu yapılıncaya kadar, yürürlükte olur:-
a. vatandaşlığa dair herhangi bir konu, Kuruluş Anlaşmasının ‘D’ Ekinin hükümlerine tabi olur;
b. bu Anayasanın yürürlüğe girdiği tarihte veya ondan sonra Kıbrıs’ta doğan herhangi bir şahıs, doğumu tarihinde babası Cumhuriyetin bir vatandaşı ise veya ölmemiş olsa idi Kuruluş Anlaşmasının ‘D’ Eki hükümleri gereğince Cumhuriyetin bir vatandaşı olacak idi ise, doğumu tarihinde Cumhuriyetin bir vatandaşı olur.
2. Bu Madde çerçevesinde "Kuruluş Anlaşması ", Cumhuriyet ile Yunanistan Krallığı, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti ve Büyük Britanya ve Kuzey İrlanda Birleşik Krallığı arasındaki Kıbrıs Cumhuriyetinin Kuruluşuna dair Anlaşmayı ifade eder. (Madde 198)
Citizenship and Nationality
United Arab Emirates
- EnglishThe UAE has exclusive legislative and executive jurisdiction in the following matters:
…
16. The federal nationality, … (Art. 120) - Arabicينفرد الاتحاد بالتشريع والتنفيذ في الشؤون التالية
:...
16. الجنسية الإتحادية ... (المادّة 120)
Citizenship and Nationality
Syrian Arab Republic
- EnglishThe law shall regulate the Syrian Arab citizenship. (Art. 48)
- Arabicينظم القانون الجنسية العربية السورية. (المادّة 48)
Citizenship and Nationality
Yemen
- EnglishThe law shall regulate Yemeni nationality. Any Yemeni shall not be deprived of his nationality. Once Yemeni nationality is acquired it may not be withdrawn except in accordance with the law. (Art. 44)
- Arabicينظم القانون الجنسية اليمنية، ولا يجوز إسقاطها عن يمني إطلاقاً ولا يجوز سحبها ممن اكتسبها إلا وفقاً للقانون. (المادّة 44)
Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English(1) Subject to clauses (2) and (3), a person born outside Singapore after 16th September 1963 shall be a citizen of Singapore by descent if, at the time of his birth —
(a) where the person is born before the date of commencement of section 7 of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2004, his father is a citizen of Singapore, by birth or registration; and(b) where the person is born on or after the date of commencement of section 7 of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2004, either his father or mother is a citizen of Singapore, by birth, registration or descent.
(2) A person born outside Singapore shall not be a citizen of Singapore by descent by virtue of clause (1) unless —
(a) his birth is registered in the prescribed manner at the Registry of Citizens or at a diplomatic or consular mission of Singapore within one year, or such longer period as the Government permits, after its occurrence; and
(b) he would not acquire the citizenship of the country in which he was born by reason of his birth in that country where —
(i) in the case of a person born before the date of commencement of section 7 of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2004, his father is a citizen of Singapore by registration at the time of his birth; or
(ii) In the case of a person born on or after the date of commencement of section 7 of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (Amendment) Act 2004, either his father or mother is a citizen of Singapore by registration at the time of his birth.
(3) Without prejudice to clause (2), a person born outside Singapore of a father or mother who is a citizen by descent at the time of his birth shall not be a citizen of Singapore by descent by virtue of clause (1) unless the parent who is the citizen by descent has lawfully resided in Singapore —
(a) for a period of, or for periods amounting in the aggregate to, not less than 5 years before that person’s birth; or
(b) for a period of, or for periods amounting in the aggregate to, not less than 2 years during the period of 5 years immediately preceding that person’s birth.
… (Art. 122)
Citizenship and Nationality
Nepal
- EnglishOther matters relating to the acquisition, reacquisition and termination of citizenship shall be as provided for in the Federal law. (Art. 13)
- Nepaliनागरिकताको प्राप्ति, पुनःप्राप्ति र समाप्ति सम्बन्धी अन्य व्यवस्था संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ । (धारा १३)
Citizenship and Nationality
India
- EnglishAt the commencement of this Constitution, every person who has his domicile in the territory of India and—
(a) who was born in the territory of India; or
(b) either of whose parents was born in the territory of India; or
(c) who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement,
shall be a citizen of India. (Art. 5) - Hindiइस संविधान के प्रारंभ पर प्रत्येक व्यक्ति जिसका भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में अधिवास है और—
(क) जो भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
(ख) जिसके माता या पिता में से कोई भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
(ग) जो ऐसे प्रारंभ से ठीक पहले कम से कम पाँच वर्ष तक भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में मामूली तौर से निवासी रहा है,
भारत का नागरिक होगा। (अनुच्छेद 5)
Citizenship and Nationality
Japan
- EnglishThe conditions necessary for being a Japanese national shall be determined by law. (Art. 10)
- Japanese日本国民たる要件は、法律でこれを定める。(第10条)
Citizenship and Nationality
Myanmar
- EnglishAll persons who have either one of the following qualifications are citizens of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar:
(a) person born of parents both of whom are nationals of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar;
(b) person who is already a citizen according to law on the day this Constitution comes into operation. (Sec. 345) - Burmeseအောက်ဖော်ပြပါအရည်အချင်းတစ်ရပ်ရပ်နှင့် ပြည့်စုံသူများသည် ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်၏ နိုင်ငံသားများဖြစ်ကြသည် -
(က) ပြည်ထောင်စုသမ္မတမြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်၏ တိုင်းရင်းသားမိဘနှစ်ပါးမှ မွေးဖွားသူ၊
(ခ) ဤဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေ အတည်ပြုပြဌာန်းသည့်နေ့တွင် ဥပဒေအရ နိုင်ငံသားဖြစ်သားဖြစ်ပြီးသူ။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၄၅)