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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Argentina
- EnglishCongress is empowered:
…
12.- … to enact general laws of naturalization and nationality for the whole nation, based on the principle of nationality by birth or by option for the benefit of Argentina;
… (Sec. 75) - SpanishCorresponde al Congreso:
…
12. Dictar … leyes generales para toda la Nación sobre naturalización y nacionalidad, con sujeción al principio de nacionalidad natural y por opción en beneficio de la Argentina;
… (Art. 75)
Citizenship and Nationality
United States of America
- EnglishThe Congress shall have Power …
To establish uniform Rule of Naturalization, … (Art. I, Sec. 8)
Citizenship and Nationality
Honduras
- EnglishThe following are Hondurans by birth:
1. Persons born within the national territory with the exception of the children of diplomatic agents;
2. Children born abroad of a Honduran father or mother by birth;
3. Persons born on board Honduran vessels or aircraft of war, and persons born on board merchant vessels while they are in Honduran territorial waters; and
4. Infants of unknown parents found in Honduran territory. (Art. 23) - SpanishSon hondureños por nacimiento:
1) Los nacidos en el territorio nacional, con excepción de los hijos de los agentes diplomáticos;
2) Los nacidos en el extranjero de padre o madre hondureños por nacimiento;
3) Los nacidos a bordo de embarcaciones o aeronaves de guerra hondureñas, y los nacidos en naves mercantes que se encuentren en aguas territoriales de Honduras; y,
4) El infante de padres ignorados encontrado en el territorio de Honduras. (Art. 23)
Citizenship and Nationality
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishAre considered Venezuelans by naturalization:
1. Foreign nationals who obtain a naturalization letter. In order to do so, they must have at least ten years of uninterrupted residence immediately preceding the application date.
The period of residence shall be reduced to five years in the case of foreign nationals whose original nationality is that of Spain, Portugal, Italy, or a Latin American or Caribbean country.
2. Foreign nationals who marry a Venezuelan, upon declaring their wish to adopt the Venezuelan nationality, which may be done at least five years after the date of marriage.
3. Minors of foreign nationality, on the date of the naturalization of one of his/her parent who exercises parental authority, provided that such minor declares his or her intention of adopting the Venezuelan nationality before reaching the age of 21, and has resided in Venezuela without interruption throughout the five-year period preceding such declaration. (Art. 33) - SpanishSon venezolanos y venezolanas por naturalización:
1. Los extranjeros o extranjeras que obtengan carta de naturaleza. A tal fin deberán tener domicilio en Venezuela con residencia ininterrumpida de, por lo menos, diez años, inmediatamente anteriores a la fecha de la respectiva solicitud.
El tiempo de residencia se reducirá a cinco años en el caso de aquellos y aquellas que tuvieren la nacionalidad originaria de España, Portugal, Italia, países latinoamericanos y del Caribe.
2. Los extranjeros o extranjeras que contraigan matrimonio con venezolano o venezolana desde que declaren su voluntad de serlo, transcurridos por lo menos cinco años a partir de la fecha del matrimonio.
3. Los extranjeros o extranjeras menores de edad para la fecha de la naturalización del padre o de la madre que ejerza sobre ellos la patria potestad, siempre que declaren su voluntad de ser venezolanos o venezolanas antes de cumplir los veintiún años de edad y hayan residido en Venezuela, ininterrumpidamente, durante los cinco años anteriores a dicha declaración. (Art. 33)
Citizenship and Nationality
Cuba
- EnglishCubans may not be deprived of their citizenship, except for legally sanctioned causes.
The law establishes the procedure to be followed in order to formalize the loss or renouncement of citizenship as well as the authorities empowered to decide in these cases. (Art. 38) - SpanishLos cubanos no pueden ser privados de su ciudadanía, salvo por causas legalmente establecidas.
La ley establece el procedimiento a seguir para la formalización de la pérdida y renuncia de la ciudadanía y las autoridades facultadas para decidirlo. (Art. 38)
Citizenship and Nationality
Saint Lucia
- EnglishEvery person born in Saint Lucia after the commencement of this, Constitution shall become a citizen at the date of his or her birth:
Provided that a person shall not become a citizen by virtue of this section if at the time of his or her birth—
(a) neither of his or her parents is a citizen of Saint Lucia and his or her father possesses such immunity from suit and legal process as is accorded to the envoy of a foreign sovereign power accredited to Saint Lucia; or
(b) his or her father is a citizen of a country with which Saint Lucia is at war and the birth occurs in a place then under occupation by that country. (Sec. 100)
Citizenship and Nationality
Bahamas
- English1. Any reference in this Chapter to the father of a person shall, in relation to any person born out of wedlock other than a person legitimated before 10th July 1973, be construed as a reference to the mother of that person.
… (Art. 14)
Citizenship and Nationality
Paraguay
- EnglishNo natural Paraguayan will be deprived of their nationality, but they may voluntarily renounce to it. (Art. 147)
- SpanishNingún paraguayo natural será privado de su nacionalidad, pero podrá renunciar voluntariamente a ella. (Art. 147)
Citizenship and Nationality
Guyana
- English(1) Parliament may make provision -
(a) for the acquisition of citizenship of Guyana by persons who do not become citizens of Guyana by virtue of the provisions of this Chapter2;
(b) for depriving of his or her citizenship of Guyana any person who is a citizen of Guyana otherwise than by virtue of article 41 (in so far as it relates to persons who became citizens of Guyana by virtue of articles 21, 23 and 24 of the Constitution of Guyana annexed to the Guyana Independence Order 1966), 43 or 44; or
(c) for the renunciation by any person of his or her citizenship of Guyana. (Art. 48)
Citizenship and Nationality
Barbados
- English(1) Any woman who on 29th November is or has been married to a person—
(a) who becomes a citizen of Barbados by virtue of section 2; or
(b) who, having died before 30th November 1966, would but for his death have become a citizen of Barbados by virtue of that section, shall be entitled, upon making application, and, if she is a British protected person or an alien, upon taking the oath of allegiance, to be registered as a citizen of Barbados.
(2) Any person who is a Commonwealth citizen (otherwise than by virtue of being a citizen of Barbados) and who—
(a) has been ordinarily resident in Barbados continuously for a period of seven years or more at any time before 30th November 1966; and
(b) has not, since such period of residence in Barbados and before that date, been ordinarily resident outside Barbados continuously for a period of seven years or more, shall be entitled, upon making application, to be registered as a citizen of Barbados.
(3) Any woman who on 29th November 1966 is or has been married to a person who subsequently becomes a citizen of Barbados by registration under subsection (2) shall be entitled, upon making application, and, if she is a British protected person or an alien, upon taking the oath of allegiance, to be registered as a citizen of Barbados.
(4) Any application for registration under this section shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed as respects that application: Provided that such an application may not be made by a person who has not attained the age of eighteen years and is not a woman who is or has been married, but shall be made on behalf of that person by a parent or guardian of that person.
(5) The right to be registered as a citizen of Barbados under this section shall be subject to such exceptions or qualifications as may be prescribed in the interests of national security or public policy. (Sec. 3)