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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Political Rights and Association
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, the people of Eswatini have a right to be heard through and represented by their own freely chosen representatives in the government of the country.(2) Without derogating from the generality of the foregoing subsection, the women of Eswatini and other marginalized groups have a right to equitable representation in Parliament and other public structures. (Sec. 84)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishWhereas every person in Belize is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely-
…
(b) freedom of conscience, of expression and of assembly and association;
… (Sec. 3)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe freedom of opinion, expression through speech and writing, the freedom of the press, the freedom of assembly, and the freedom of association, are all guaranteed within the scope of the law. (Art. 13)
- Arabicحرية إبداء الرأي قولاً وكتابة وحرية الطّباعة وحرّية الاجتماع وحرّية تكوين الجمعيات كلّها مكفولة ضمن دائرة القانون. (المادّة 13)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishParticipation and involvement of people in the exercise of their sovereignty in political affairs can be manifested by: voting to fill public offices, referendum, consultation of public opinion, mandate revocation, legislative, constitutional and constituent initiative, open forums and meetings of citizens whose decisions shall be binding among others; and in social and economic affairs: citizen service organs, self-management, co-management, cooperatives in all forms, including those of a financial nature, savings funds, community enterprises, and other forms of association guided by the values of mutual cooperation and solidarity.
The law shall establish conditions for the effective, functioning of the means of participation provided for under the present article. (Art. 70) - SpanishSon medios de participación y protagonismo del pueblo en ejercicio de su soberanía, en lo político: la elección de cargos públicos, el referendo, la consulta popular, la revocatoria del mandato, la iniciativa legislativa, constitucional y constituyente, el cabildo abierto y la asamblea de ciudadanos y ciudadanas cuyas decisiones serán de carácter vinculante, entre otros; y en lo social y económico, las instancias de atención ciudadana, la autogestión, la cogestión, las cooperativas en todas sus formas incluyendo las de carácter financiero, las cajas de ahorro, la empresa comunitaria y demás formas asociativas guiadas por los valores de la mutua cooperación y la solidaridad.
La ley establecerá las condiciones para el efectivo funcionamiento de los medios de participación previstos en este artículo. (Art. 70)
Political Rights and Association
- English
Citizens may form associations freely and without authorization for any ends that are not forbidden by criminal law.
… (Art. 18) - Italian
I cittadini hanno diritto di associarsi liberamente, senza autorizzazione, per fini che non sono vietati ai singoli dalla legge penale.
… (Art. 18)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishEvery citizen of Ghana of eighteen years of age or above and of sound mind has the right to vote and is entitled to be registered as a voter for the purposes of public elections and referenda. (Art. 42)
Political Rights and Association
- English…
(2) The Federal law shall provide that, in fielding candidacy by political parties for the election to the House of Representatives under the proportional electoral system, representation shall be ensured on the basis of a closed list also from women,
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(5) Each citizen of Nepal who has completed the age of eighteen years shall have the right to vote in any one election constituency as provided for in the Federal law.
… (Art. 84) - Nepali…
(२) समानुपातिक निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम हुने प्रतिनिधि सभाको निर्वाचनका लागि राजनीतिक दलले उम्मेदवारी दिंदा महिला, … समेतबाट बन्द सूचीका आधारमा प्रतिनिधित्व गराउने व्यवस्था संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ ।
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(५) अठार वर्ष उमेर पूरा भएको प्रत्येक नेपाली नागरिकलाई संघीय कानून बमोजिम कुनै एक निर्वाचन क्षेत्रमा मतदान गर्ने अधिकार हुनेछ ।
… (धारा ८४)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishThe Republic shall be a democracy in which fundamental human rights and freedoms and respect for the dignity and worth of the human person shall be guaranteed, and in which effective participation by the people through their elected representatives in administration at all levels shall be ensured. (Art. 11)
- Bengaliপ্রজাতন্ত্র হইবে একটি গণতন্ত্র, যেখানে মৌলিক মানবাধিকার ও স্বাধীনতার নিশ্চয়তা থাকিবে, মানবসত্তার মর্যাদা ও মূল্যের প্রতি শ্রদ্ধাবোধ নিশ্চিত হইবে এবং প্রশাসনের সকল পর্যায়ে নির্বাচিত প্রতিনিধদের মাধ্যমে জনগণের কার্যকর অংশগ্রহণ নিশ্চিত হইবে]৷ (অনুচ্ছেদ ১১)
Political Rights and Association
- English
The Constitution guarantees the right of association, in compliance with the laws that govern the exercise of this right without having to be submitted to a prior authorization. (Art. 26)
Political Rights and Association
- EnglishEveryone has the right to freedom of association. (Bill of Rights Act 1990, Sec. 17)