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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) Every person is equal before the law and has the right to equal protection and equal benefit of the law.
(2) Equality includes the full and equal enjoyment of all rights and fundamental freedoms.
(3) Women and men have the right to equal treatment, including the right to equal opportunities in political, economic, cultural and social spheres.
(4) The State shall not discriminate directly or indirectly against any person on any ground, including race, sex, pregnancy, marital status, health status, ethnic or social origin, colour, age, disability, religion, conscience, belief, culture, dress, language or birth.
(5) A person shall not discriminate directly or indirectly against another person on any of the grounds specified or contemplated in clause (4).
(6) To give full effect to the realisation of the rights guaranteed under this Article, the State shall take legislative and other measures, including affirmative action3 programmes and policies designed to redress any disadvantage suffered by individuals or groups because of past discrimination.
(7) Any measure taken under clause (6) shall adequately provide for any benefits to be on the basis of genuine need.
(8) In addition to the measures contemplated in clause (6), the State shall take legislative and other measures to implement the principle that not more than two-thirds of the members of elective or appointive bodies shall be of the same gender. (Art. 27) - Swahili(1) Watu wote ni sawa mbele ya sheria, na wanayo haki, bila ya ubaguzi wowote, kulindwa na kupata haki sawa mbele ya sheria.
(2) Haki sawa ni pamoja na kurufahia kikamilifu na kwa usawa haki zote na uhuru wa msingi.
(3) Wanawake na wanaume wana haki ya kutendewa kwa usawa, ikiwa ni pamoja na haki ya kuwa na fursa sawa katika nyanja za kisiasa, kiuchumi, kiutamaduni na kijamii.
(4) Serikali haitambagua mtu yeyote kwa dhahiri au si kwa dhahiri kwa msingi wowote ikiwa ni pamoja na mbari, jinsi, mimba, hali ya ndoa, hali ya afya, asili ya kikabila au kijamii, rangi, umri, ulemavu, dini, dhamiri, imani, utamaduni, mavazi, lugha au kuzaliwa.
(5) Mtu yeyote hatambagua mtu yeyote kwa dhahiri ama si kwa dhahiri kwa misingi yoyote iliyobaisnishwa katika ibara ya (4).
(6) Ili kutekeleza kikamilifu utekelezaji wa haki zilizohakikishwa chini ya Ibara hii, Serikali itachukua hatua za kisheria na hatua nyinginezo, pamoja na mipango na sera thabiti za utekelezaji zilizoundwa ili kufidia unyimwaji wa haki ambao uliwapata watu au kikundi cha watu kwa sababu ya ubaguzi wa zamani.
(7) Hatua yoyote inayochukuliwa chini ya ibara ya (6) itatoa kikamilifu maslahi kwa msingi wa hitaji la kweli.
(8) Pamoja na hatua zilizobainishwa katika ibara ya (6), Serikali itachukua hatua za kisheria na hatua nyinginezo ili kutekeleza kanuni ambayo itahakikisha kwamba washirika wa bodi wa kuchaguliwa au kuteuliwa wa jinsia moja hawatakuwa zaidi ya theluthi mbili. (Kifungu cha 27)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
...
The thirty-two offices of senator [senadurias] remaining will be elected following the principle of proportional representation, through the system of lists voted in a sole national plurinomial circumscription conformed in accordance with the principle of parity, and headed alternately between women and men each elective period. The law will establish the regulations and formulas for these effects.
... (Art. 56) - Spanish
...
Las treinta y dos senadurías restantes serán elegidas según el principio de representación proporcional, mediante el sistema de listas votadas en una sola circunscripción plurinominal nacional, conformadas de acuerdo con el principio de paridad, y encabezadas alternadamente entre mujeres y hombres cada periodo electivo. La ley establecerá las reglas y fórmulas para estos efectos.
... (Art. 56)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe following shall be the fundamental tasks of the State:
…
e) To promote the well-being and quality of life of the Cabo Verdean people, especially the neediest, and to remove, in a progressive fashion, economic, social, cultural and political obstacles that hinder true equality of opportunity among citizens, especially factors of discrimination against women in the family and in the society;
… (Art. 7) - PortugueseSão tarefas fundamentais do Estado:
…
e) Promover o bem estar e a qualidade de vida do povo cabo-verdiano, designadamente dos mais carenciados, e remover progressivamente os obstáculos de natureza económica, social, cultural e política que impedem a real igualdade de oportunidades entre os cidadãos, especialmente os factores de discriminação da mulher na família e na sociedade;
… (Art. 7)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
The judges of the National Court of Justice shall be elected by the Judiciary Council in conformity with a procedure entailing a competitive merit-based examination, subject to challenge and social monitoring. Parity between men and women shall be fostered. (Art. 183) - Spanish…
Las juezas y jueces de la Corte Nacional de Justicia serán elegidos por el Consejo de la Judicatura conforme a un procedimiento con concurso de oposición y méritos, impugnación y control social. Se propenderá a la paridad entre mujer y hombre. (Art. 183)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
Equality of the sexes is promoted in societal activity and working life, especially in the determination of pay and the other terms of employment, as provided in more detail by an Act. (Sec. 6) - Finnish…
Sukupuolten tasa-arvoa edistetään yhteiskunnallisessa toiminnassa sekä työelämässä, erityisesti palkkauksesta ja muista palvelussuhteen ehdoista määrättäessä, sen mukaan kuin lailla tarkemmin säädetään. (6 §) - Swedish…
Jämställdhet mellan könen i samhällelig verksamhet och i arbetslivet främjas enligt vad som närmare bestäms genom lag, särskilt vad gäller lönesättning och andra anställningsvillkor. (6 §)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe state shall guarantee the equality of women and men and shall develop the policy of equal opportunities. (Art. 18)
- MontenegrinDržava jemči ravnopravnost žene i muškarca i razvija politiku jednakih mogućnosti. (Član 18)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishThe Superior Council of Communication is composed of fifteen (15) members as it follows:
- one (1) notable person [personnalité] proposed by the President of the Republic;
- one (1) notable person proposed by the President of the National Assembly;
- one (1) notable person proposed by the Prime Minister;
- three (3) representatives elected by the socio-professional organizations of the medias of the private sector including, at least, one woman;
- three (3) representatives elected by the trade-union [syndicales] organizations of workers of the medias of the public sector including [dont] a journalist, a producer and a technician with at least one woman;
- one (1) representative elected by the trade-union organizations of workers of the telecommunications sector;
- one (1) representative elected by the associations for the defense of the rights of man and promotion of democracy;
- one (1) representative elected by the collective of the women organizations;
- one (1) representative elected by the agencies and bureaus of communication and publicity;
- one (1) representative elected by the cultural creators;
- one (1) representative elected by the printers and publishers. (Art. 161) - FrenchLe Conseil supérieur de la communication est composé de quinze (15) membres ainsi qu’il suit :
- une (1) personnalité désignée par le Président de la République ;
- une (1) personnalité désignée par le président de l’Assemblée nationale ;
- une (1) personnalité désignée par le Premier ministre ;
- trois (3) représentants élus par les organisations socioprofessionnelles des médias du secteur privé dont, au moins, une femme ;
- trois (3) représentants élus par les organisations syndicales des travailleurs des médias du secteur public dont un journaliste, un producteur et un technicien dont, au moins, une femme ;
- un (1) représentant élu par les organisations syndicales des travailleurs du secteur des télécommunications ;
- un (1) représentant élu par les associations de défense des droits de l’Homme et de promotion de la démocratie ;
- une (1) représentante élue par les collectifs des organisations féminines ;
- un (1) représentant élu par les agences et bureaux de communication et publicité ;
- un (1) représentant élu par les créateurs culturels ;
- un (1) représentant élu par les imprimeurs et éditeurs. (Art. 161)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- EnglishAn organic law establishes notably:
• the conditions of democratic management of their affairs by the regions and the other territorial collectivities, the number of members of their councils, the rules relative to the eligibility, to the incompatibilities and to the case of the interdiction of accumulation of mandates, as well as the electoral regime and the provisions designed [visant] to assure the better participation of women within these councils;
… (Art. 146) - Arabicتحدد بقانون تنظيمي بصفة خاصة:
• شروط تدبير الجهات والجماعات الترابية الأخرى لشؤونها بكيفية ديمقراطية، وعدد أعضاء مجالسها، والقواعد المتعلقة بأهلية الترشيح، وحالات التنافي، وحالات منع الجمع بين الانتدابات، وكذا النظام الانتخابي، وأحكام تحسين تمثيلية النساء داخل المجالس المذكورة،
... (الفصل 146)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
…
The law establishes the minimum percentages to make accessible the representation of gender, rural and native communities, and aboriginal [originarios] peoples in the Regional Councils. Equal treatment is applied for the municipal councils.
… (Art. 191) - Spanish
…
La ley establece porcentajes mínimos para hacer accesible la representación de género, comunidades campesinas y nativas, y pueblos originarios en los Consejos Regionales. Igual tratamiento se aplica para los Concejos Municipales.
… (Art. 191)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
6. The objects of local government shall be to:
…
h. ensure gender mainstreaming in local government;
… (Art. 166)