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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 221 RESULTS
Indigenous Peoples
Ethiopia
- English1. Every Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia has an unconditional right to self-determination, including the right to secession.
2. Every Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia has the right to speak, to write and to develop its own language; to express, to develop and to promote its culture; and to preserve its history.
3. Every Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia has the right to a full measure of self-government which includes the right to establish institutions of government in the territory that it inhabits and to equitable representation in state and Federal governments.
…
5. A "Nation, Nationality or People" for the purpose of this Constitution, is a group of people who have or share a large measure of a common culture or similar customs, mutual intelligibility of language, belief in a common or related identities, a common psychological make-up, and who inhabit an identifiable, predominantly contiguous territory. (Art. 39) - Amharic1. ማንኛውም የኢትዮጵያ ብሔር፣ ብሔረሰብ፣ ሕዝብ የራሱን ዕድል በራሱ የመወሰን እስከመገንጠል ያለው መብቱ በማናቸውም መልኩ ያለ ገደብ የተጠበቀ ነው፡፡
2. ማንኛውም የኢትዮጵያ ብሔር፣ ብሔረሰብ፣ ሕዝብ በቋንቋው የመናገር፣ የመጻፍ፣ቋንቋውን የማሳደግ እና ባሕሉን የመግለጽ፣ የማዳበርና የማስፋፋት እንዲሁም ታሪኩን የመንከባከብ መብት አለው፡፡
3. ማንኛውም የኢትዮጵያ ብሔር፣ ብሔረሰብ፣ ሕዝብ ራሱን የማስተዳደር ሙሉ መብት አለው፡፡ ይህ መብት ብሔሩ፣ ብሔረሰቡ፣ ሕዝቡ በሰፈረበት መልክዓ ምድር ራሱን የሚያስተዳድርበት መንግሥታዊ ተቋማት የማቋቋም እንዲሁም በክልልና በፌዴራል አስተዳደሮች ውስጥ ሚዛናዊ ውክልና የማግኘት መብትን ያጠቃልላል፡፡
…
5. በዚህ ሕገ መንግሥት ውስጥ «ብሔር፣ ብሔረሰብ፣ ሕዝብ» ማለት ከዚህ ቀጥሎ የተገለጸውን ባህርይ የሚያሳይ ማኅበረሰብ ነው፡፡ ሰፋ ያለ የጋራ ጠባይ የሚያንጸባርቅ ባሕል ወይም ተመሳሳይ ልምዶች ያላቸው፣ ሊግባቡት የሚችሉበት የጋራ ቋንቋ ያላቸው፣ የጋራ ወይም የተዛመደ ሕልውና አለን ብለው የሚያምኑ፣የሥነ ልቦና አንድነት ያላቸውና በአብዛኛው በተያያዘ መልክዓ ምድር የሚኖሩ ናቸው፡፡ (አንቀጽ 39)
Indigenous Peoples
South Africa
- English…
(b) a traditional leader of a community observing a system of indigenous law and residing on land within the area of a transitional local council, transitional rural council or transitional representative council, referred to in the Local Government Transition Act, 1993, and who has been identified as set out in section 182 of the previous Constitution, is ex officio entitled to be a member of that council until a Municipal Council replacing that council has been declared elected as a result of the first general election of Municipal Councils after the commencement of the new Constitution.
... (Sec. 26, Schedule 6: Transitional Arrangements)
Indigenous Peoples
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- English…
II. The State takes strength from the existence of rural native indigenous cultures, which are custodians of knowledge, wisdom, values, spiritualities and world views.
… (Art. 98) - Spanish…
II. El Estado asumirá como fortaleza la existencia de culturas indígena originario campesinas, depositarias de saberes, conocimientos, valores, espiritualidades y cosmovisiones.
… (Art. 98)
Indigenous Peoples
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishThe government of the rural native indigenous autonomies is exercised through their own norms and forms of organization, with the name that corresponds to each town, nation or community, as established in their statutes and subject to the Constitution and the law. (Art. 296)
- SpanishEl gobierno de las autonomías indígena originario campesinas se ejercerá a través de sus propias normas y formas de organización, con la denominación que corresponda a cada pueblo, nación o comunidad, establecidas en sus estatutos y en sujeción a la Constitución y a la Ley. (Art. 296)
Indigenous Peoples
India
- English…
(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.
…
(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.
(4A) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for reservation in matters of promotion, with consequential seniority, to any class or classes of posts in the services under the State in favour of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes which, in the opinion of the State, are not adequately represented in the services under the State.
… (Art. 16) - Hindi...
(2) राज्य के अधीन किसी नियोजन या पद के संबंध में केवल धर्म, मूलवंश, जाति, लिंग, उद्भव, जन्मस्थान, निवास या इनमें से किसी के आधार पर न तो कोई नागरिक अपात्र होगा और न उससे विभेद किया जाएगा।
...
(4) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात राज्य को पिछड़े हुए नागरिकों के किसी वर्ग के पक्ष में, जिनका प्रतिनिधित्व राज्य की राय में राज्य के अधीन सेवाओं में पर्याप्त नहीं है, नियुक्तियों या पदों के आरक्षण के लिए उपबंध करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी।
(4क) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात राज्य को अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के पक्ष में, जिनका प्रतिनिधित्व राज्य की राय में राज्य के अधीन सेवाओं में पर्याप्त नहीं है, राज्य के अधीन सेवाओं में किसी वर्ग या वर्गों के पदों पर, पारिणामिक ज्येष्ठता सहित, प्रोन्नति के मामलों में आरक्षण के लिए उपबंध करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी।
… (अनुच्छेद 16)
Indigenous Peoples
Canada
- EnglishIt shall be lawful for the Queen, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate and House of Commons, to make Laws for the Peace, Order, and good Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces; and for greater Certainty, but not so as to restrict the Generality of the foregoing Terms of this Section, it is hereby declared that (notwithstanding anything in this Act) the exclusive Legislative Authority of the Parliament of Canada extends to all Matters coming within the Classes of Subjects next hereinafter enumerated; that is to say,
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24. Indians, and Lands reserved for the Indians.
… (Constitution Act 1867, Sec. 91) - FrenchIl sera loisible à la Reine, de l’avis et du consentement du Sénat et de la Chambre des Communes, de faire des lois pour la paix, l’ordre et le bon gouvernement du Canada, relativement à toutes les matières ne tombant pas dans les categories de sujets par la présente loi exclusivement assignés aux législatures des provinces; mais, pour plus de garantie, sans toutefois restreindre la généralité des termes ci-haut employés dans le présent article, il est par la présente déclaré que (nonobstant toute disposition contraire énoncée dans la présente loi) l’autorité legislative exclusive du parlement du Canada s’étend à toutes les matières tombant dans les catégories de sujets ci-dessous énumérés, savoir:
…
24. Les Indiens et les terres réservées pour les Indiens.
… (Loi constitutionnelle de 1867, Sec. 91)
Indigenous Peoples
Malaysia
- English…
(5) Notwithstanding anything in Article 152, in the State of Sabah or Sarawak a native language in current use in the State may be used in native courts or for any code of native law and custom, and in the case of Sarawak, until otherwise provided by enactment of the Legislature, may be used by a member addressing the Legislative Assembly or any committee thereof. (Art. 161) - Malay…
(5) Walau apa pun apa-apa jua dalam Perkara 152, di dalam Negeri Sabah dan Sarawak sesuatu bahasa ibunda yang pada masa ini digunakan di Negeri itu boleh digunakan di dalam mahkamah anak negeri atau bagi apa-apa kanun undang-undang dan adat anak negeri, dan dalam hal Sarawak, sehingga diperuntukkan selainnya melalui enakmen Badan Perundangan, bahasa ibunda itu boleh digunakan oleh ahli apabila berucap di dalam Dewan Undangan atau mana-mana jawatankuasanya. (Perkara 161)
Indigenous Peoples
Ecuador
- EnglishIndigenous communes, communities, peoples and nations are recognized and guaranteed, in conformity with the Constitution and human rights agreements, conventions, declarations and other international instruments, the following collective rights:
1. To freely uphold, develop and strengthen their identity, feeling of belonging, ancestral traditions and forms of social organization.
2. To not be the target of racism or any form of discrimination based on their origin or ethnic or cultural identity.
3. To recognition, reparation and compensation for community groups affected by racism, xenophobia and other related forms of intolerance and discrimination.
4. To keep ownership, without subject to a statute of limitations, of their community lands, which shall be unalienable, immune from seizure and indivisible. These lands shall be exempt from paying fees or taxes.
5. To keep ownership of ancestral lands and territories and to obtain free awarding of these lands.
6. To participate in the use, usufruct, administration and conservation of natural renewable resources located on their lands.
7. To free prior informed consultation, within a reasonable period of time, on the plans and programs for prospecting, producing and marketing nonrenewable resources located on their lands and which could have an environmental or cultural impact on them; to participate in the profits earned from these projects and to receive compensation for social, cultural and environmental damages caused to them. The consultation that must be conducted by the competent authorities shall be mandatory and in due time. If consent of the consulted community is not obtained, steps provided for by the Constitution and the law shall be taken.
8. To keep and promote their practices of managing biodiversity and their natural environment. The State shall establish and implement programs with the participation of the community to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
9. To keep and develop their own forms of peaceful coexistence and social organization and creating and exercising authority, in their legally recognized territories and ancestrally owned community lands.
10. To create, develop, apply and practice their own legal system or common law, which cannot infringe constitutional rights, especially those of women, children and adolescents.
11. To not be displaced from their ancestral lands.
12. To uphold, protect and develop collective knowledge; their science, technologies and ancestral wisdom; the genetic resources that contain biological diversity and agricultural biodiversity; their medicine and traditional medical practices, with the inclusion of the right to restore, promote, and protect ritual and holy places, as well as plants, animals, minerals and ecosystems in their territories; and knowledge about the resources and properties of fauna and flora.
All forms of appropriation of their knowledge, innovations, and practices are forbidden.
13. To uphold, restore, protect, develop and preserve their cultural and historical heritage as an indivisible part of Ecuador's heritage. The State shall provide resources for this purpose.
14. To develop, strengthen, and upgrade the intercultural bilingual education system, on the basis of criteria of quality, from early stimulation to higher levels of education, in conformity with cultural diversity, for the care and preservation of identities, in keeping with their own teaching and learning methodologies.
A teaching career marked by dignity shall also be guaranteed. Administration of this system shall be collective and participatory, with rotation in time and space, based on community monitoring and accountability.
15. To build and uphold organizations that represent them, in a context of pluralism and cultural, political, and organizational diversity. The State shall recognize and promote all forms of expression and organization.
16. To participate by means of their representatives in the official organizations established by law to draw up public policies concerning them, as well as design and decide their priorities in the plans and projects of the State.
17. To be consulted before the adoption of a legislative measure that might affect any of their collective rights.
18. To uphold and develop contacts, ties and cooperation with other peoples, especially those that are divided by international borders.
19. To promote the use of garments, symbols and emblems that identify them.
20. To restrict military activities in their territories, in accordance with the law.
21. That the dignity and diversity of their cultures, traditions, histories, and ambitions be reflected in public education and in the media; the creation of their own media in their languages and access to the others without any discrimination.
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The State shall guarantee the enforcement of these collective rights without any discrimination, in conditions of equality and equity between men and women. (Art. 57) - SpanishSe reconoce y garantizará a las comunas, comunidades, pueblos y nacionalidades indígenas, de conformidad con la Constitución y con los pactos, convenios, declaraciones y demás instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos, los siguientes derechos colectivos:
1. Mantener, desarrollar y fortalecer libremente su identidad, sentido de pertenencia, tradiciones ancestrales y formas de organización social.
2. No ser objeto de racismo y de ninguna forma de discriminación fundada en su origen, identidad étnica o cultural.
3. El reconocimiento, reparación y resarcimiento a las colectividades afectadas por racismo, xenofobia y otras formas conexas de intolerancia y discriminación.
4. Conservar la propiedad imprescriptible de sus tierras comunitarias, que serán inalienables, inembargables e indivisibles. Estas tierras estarán exentas del pago de tasas e impuestos.
5. Mantener la posesión de las tierras y territorios ancestrales y obtener su adjudicación gratuita.
6. Participar en el uso, usufructo, administración y conservación de los recursos naturales renovables que se hallen en sus tierras.
7. La consulta previa, libre e informada, dentro de un plazo razonable, sobre planes y programas de prospección, explotación y comercialización de recursos no renovables que se encuentren en sus tierras y que puedan afectarles ambiental o culturalmente; participar en los beneficios que esos proyectos reporten y recibir indemnizaciones por los perjuicios sociales, culturales y ambientales que les causen. La consulta que deban realizar las autoridades competentes será obligatoria y oportuna. Si no se obtuviese el consentimiento de la comunidad consultada, se procederá conforme a la Constitución y la ley.
8. Conservar y promover sus prácticas de manejo de la biodiversidad y de su entorno natural. El Estado establecerá y ejecutará programas, con la participación de la comunidad, para asegurar la conservación y utilización sustentable de la biodiversidad.
9. Conservar y desarrollar sus propias formas de convivencia y organización social, y de generación y ejercicio de la autoridad, en sus territorios legalmente reconocidos y tierras comunitarias de posesión ancestral.
10. Crear, desarrollar, aplicar y practicar su derecho propio o consuetudinario, que no podrá vulnerar derechos constitucionales, en particular de las mujeres, niñas, niños y adolescentes.
11. No ser desplazados de sus tierras ancestrales.
12. Mantener, proteger y desarrollar los conocimientos colectivos; sus ciencias, tecnologías y saberes ancestrales; los recursos genéticos que contienen la diversidad biológica y la agrobiodiversidad; sus medicinas y prácticas de medicina tradicional, con inclusión del derecho a recuperar, promover y proteger los lugares rituales y sagrados, así como plantas, animales, minerales y ecosistemas dentro de sus territorios; y el conocimiento de los recursos y propiedades de la fauna y la flora. Se prohíbe toda forma de apropiación sobre sus conocimientos, innovaciones y prácticas.
13. Mantener, recuperar, proteger, desarrollar y preservar su patrimonio cultural e histórico como parte indivisible del patrimonio del Ecuador. El Estado proveerá los recursos para el efecto.
14. Desarrollar, fortalecer y potenciar el sistema de educación intercultural bilingüe, con criterios de calidad, desde la estimulación temprana hasta el nivel superior, conforme a la diversidad cultural, para el cuidado y preservación de las identidades en consonancia con sus metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Se garantizará una carrera docente digna. La administración de este sistema será colectiva y participativa, con alternancia temporal y espacial, basada en veeduría comunitaria y rendición de cuentas.
15. Construir y mantener organizaciones que los representen, en el marco del respeto al pluralismo y a la diversidad cultural, política y organizativa. El Estado reconocerá y promoverá todas sus formas de expresión y organización.
16. Participar mediante sus representantes en los organismos oficiales que determine la ley, en la definición de las políticas públicas que les conciernan, así como en el diseño y decisión de sus prioridades en los planes y proyectos del Estado.
17. Ser consultados antes de la adopción de una medida legislativa que pueda afectar cualquiera de sus derechos colectivos.
18. Mantener y desarrollar los contactos, las relaciones y la cooperación con otros pueblos, en particular los que estén divididos por fronteras internacionales.
19. Impulsar el uso de las vestimentas, los símbolos y los emblemas que los identifiquen.
20. La limitación de las actividades militares en sus territorios, de acuerdo con la ley.
21. Que la dignidad y diversidad de sus culturas, tradiciones, historias y aspiraciones se reflejen en la educación pública y en los medios de comunicación; la creación de sus propios medios de comunicación social en sus idiomas y el acceso a los demás sin discriminación alguna.
...
El Estado garantizará la aplicación de estos derechos colectivos sin discriminación alguna, en condiciones de igualdad y equidad entre mujeres y hombres. (Art. 57)
Indigenous Peoples
Myanmar
- EnglishFor National races with suitable population, National races representatives are entitled to participate in legislature of Regions or States and Self-Administered Areas concerned. (Sec. 15)
- Burmeseလျော်ကန်သင့်မြတ်သော လူဦးရေရှိသည့် တိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုးများအတွက် သက် ဆိုင်ရာတိုင်းဒေသကြီး သို့မဟုတ် ပြည်နယ်နှင့် ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရစီရင်စု ဥပဒေ ပြုရေးတွင် ထိုတိုင်းရင်းသားလူမျိုးကိုယ်စားလှယ်များ ပါဝင်ခွင့်ရှိသည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၁၅)
Indigenous Peoples
El Salvador
- English…
El Salvador recognizes to the indigenous peoples and will adopt policies to the end of maintaining and developing their ethnic and cultural identity, worldview [cosmovisión], values, and spirituality. (Art. 63) - Spanish…
El Salvador reconoce a los pueblos indígenas y adoptará políticas a fin de mantener y desarrollar su identidad étnica y cultural, cosmovisión, valores y espiritualidad. (Art. 63)