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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English...
(3) The Constitutional Court-
(a) is the highest court of the Republic; and
(b) may decide -
(i) constitutional matters; and
(ii) any other matter, if the Constitutional Court grants leave to appeal on the grounds that the matter raises an arguable point of law of general public importance which ought to be considered by that Court; and
(c) makes the final decision whether a matter is within its jurisdiction.
(4) Only the Constitutional Court may -
(a) decide disputes between organs of state in the national or provincial sphere concerning the constitutional status, powers or functions of any of those organs of state;
(b) decide on the constitutionality of any parliamentary or provincial Bill, but may do so only in the circumstances anticipated in section 79 or 121;
(c) decide applications envisaged in section 80 or 122;
(d) decide on the constitutionality of any amendment to the Constitution;
(e) decide that Parliament or the President has failed to fulfil a constitutional obligation; or
(f) certify a provincial constitution in terms of section 144.
(5) The Constitutional Court makes the final decision whether an Act of Parliament, a provincial Act or conduct of the President is constitutional, and must confirm any order of invalidity made by the Supreme Court of Appeal, the High Court of South Africa, or a court of similar status, before that order has any force.
(6) National legislation or the rules of the Constitutional Court must allow a person, when it is in the interests of justice and with leave of the Constitutional Court—
(a) to bring a matter directly to the Constitutional Court; or
(b) to appeal directly to the Constitutional Court from any other court.
(7) A constitutional matter includes any issue involving the interpretation, protection or enforcement of the Constitution. (Sec. 167)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishSupervision of the constitutionality of enforceable enactments of the state shall be exercised by the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Belarus.
…
The Constitutional Court on the recommendations of the President of the Republic of Belarus, the House of Representatives, the Council of the Republic, the Supreme Court of the Republic of Belarus, the Supreme Economic Court of the Republic of Belarus, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus shall produce a ruling on:
the conformity of laws, decrees and edicts of the President, international agreements and other obligations of the Republic of Belarus to the Constitution and instruments of international law ratified by the Republic of Belarus;
the conformity of instruments of interstate formations of which the Republic of Belarus is part, edicts of the President of the Republic of Belarus which are issued to the execution of the law, to the Constitution, instruments of international law ratified by the Republic of Belarus, laws and decrees;
on the conformity of the decisions of the Council of Ministers and orders of the Supreme Court, the Supreme Economic Court, Prosecutor General to the Constitution, instruments of international law ratified by the Republic of Belarus, laws, decrees and edicts;
the conformity of enactments of any other state body to the Constitution, instruments of international law ratified by the Republic of Belarus, laws, decrees and edicts.
Enforceable enactments or their particular provisions which are considered unconstitutional shall be deemed invalid in accordance with the procedure determined by the law.
In instances specified by the Constitution, the Constitutional Court with regard to the proposal of the President shall give its conclusion on the presence of instances of systematic or flagrant violation of the Constitution of the Republic of Belarus by the chambers of Parliament.
… (Art. 116) - BelarusianКантроль за канстытуцыйнасцю нарматыўных актаў у дзяржаве ажыццяўляецца Канстытуцыйным Судом Рэспублікі Беларусь.
…
Канстытуцыйны Суд па прапановах Прэзідэнта Рэспублікі Беларусь, Палаты прадстаўнікоў, Савета Рэспублікі, Вярхоўнага Суда Рэспублікі Беларусь, Вышэйшага Гаспадарчага Суда Рэспублікі Беларусь, Савета Міністраў Рэспублікі Беларусь дае заключэнні:
аб адпаведнасці законаў, дэкрэтаў, указаў Прэзідэнта, міжнародных дагаворных і іншых абавязацельстваў Рэспублікі Беларусь Канстытуцыі і міжнародна-прававым актам, ратыфікаваным Рэспублікай Беларусь;
аб адпаведнасці актаў міждзяржаўных утварэнняў, у якія ўваходзіць Рэспубліка Беларусь, указаў Прэзідэнта, выдадзеных у мэтах выканання закона, Канстытуцыі, міжнародна-прававым актам, ратыфікаваным Рэспублікай Беларусь, законам і дэкрэтам;
аб адпаведнасці пастаноў Савета Міністраў, актаў Вярхоўнага Суда, Вышэйшага Гаспадарчага Суда, Генеральнага пракурора Канстытуцыі, міжнародна-прававым актам, ратыфікаваным Рэспублікай Беларусь, законам, дэкрэтам і ўказам;
аб адпаведнасці актаў любога другога дзяржаўнага органа Канстытуцыі, міжнародна-прававым актам, ратыфікаваным Рэспублікай Беларусь, законам, дэкрэтам і ўказам.
Нарматыўныя акты або іх асобныя палажэнні, прызнаныя неканстытуцыйнымі, страчваюць сілу ў парадку, што вызначаецца законам.
У выпадках, прадугледжаных Канстытуцыяй, Канстытуцыйны Суд па прапанове Прэзідэнта дае заключэнне аб наяўнасці фактаў сістэматычнага або грубага парушэння палатамі Парламента Канстытуцыі Рэспублікі Беларусь.
… (Артыкул 116) - RussianКонтроль за конституционностью нормативных актов в государстве осуществляется Конституционным Судом Республики Беларусь.
…
Конституционный Суд по предложениям Президента Республики Беларусь, Палаты представителей, Совета Республики, Верховного Суда Республики Беларусь, Высшего Хозяйственного Суда Республики Беларусь, Совета Министров Республики Беларусь дает заключения:
о соответствии законов, декретов, указов Президента, международных договорных и иных обязательств Республики Беларусь Конституции и международно-правовым актам, ратифицированным Республикой Беларусь;
о соответствии актов межгосударственных образований, в которые входит Республика Беларусь, указов Президента, изданных во исполнение закона, Конституции, международно-правовым актам, ратифицированным Республикой Беларусь, законам и декретам;
о соответствии постановлений Совета Министров, актов Верховного Суда, Высшего Хозяйственного Суда, Генерального прокурора Конституции, международно-правовым актам, ратифицированным Республикой Беларусь, законам, декретам и указам;
о соответствии актов любого другого государственного органа Конституции, международно-правовым актам, ратифицированным Республикой Беларусь, законам, декретам и указам.
Нормативные акты или их отдельные положения, признанные неконституционными, утрачивают силу в порядке, определяемом законом.
В случаях, предусмотренных Конституцией, Конституционный Суд по предложению Президента дает заключение о наличии фактов систематического или грубого нарушения палатами Парламента Конституции Республики Беларусь.
… (Статья 116)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. A party to any judicial proceedings, including proceedings on appeal, may, at any stage thereof, raise the question of the unconstitutionality of any law or decision or any provision thereof material for the determination of any matter at issue in such proceedings and thereupon the Court before which such question is raised shall reserve the question for the decision of the Supreme Constitutional Court and stay further proceedings until such question is determined by the Supreme Constitutional Court.
… (Art. 144) - Greek1. Πας διάδικος δικαιούται, καθ’ οιονδήποτε στάδιον της διαδικασίας συμπεριλαμβανομένης και της κατ’ έφεσιν, να εγείρη ζήτημα αντισυνταγματικότητος νόμου ή αποφάσεως η διατάξεώς τινος αυτών ουσιώδους δια την διάγνωσιν της εκκρεμούς ενώπιον του δικαστηρίου υποθέσεως. Tο δικαστήριο, ενώπιον του οποίου εγείρεται το ζήτημα, παραπέμπει παρευθύς τούτο ενώπιον του Aνωτάτου Συνταγματικού Δικαστηρίου και αναστέλλει την πρόοδον της διαδικασίας, μέχρις ου αποφανθή επ αυτού το Aνώτατον Συνταγματικόν Δικαστήριο.
… (Αρθρον 144) - Turkish1. Herhangi bir adli muameledeki bir taraf, temyiz muameleleri dâhil olmak üzere, bu muamelenin herhangi bir safhasında bu muameledeki uyuşmazlık konularından herhangi birinin karara bağlanmasında etkisi olan herhangi bir kanunun veya kararın ya da onun herhangi bir hükmünün Anayasaya aykırılığı meselesini ileri sürebilir ve bunun üzerine, önüne böyle bir mesele ileri sürülen mahkeme, bu meseleyi, karar vermesi için Yüksek Anayasa Mahkemesine sunar ve bu mesele hakkında Yüksek Anayasa Mahkemesince bir karar verilinceye kadar bu muameleyi durdurur.
... (Madde 144)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The organic laws before their promulgation, the Internal Regulations of the National Assembly, of the High Authority for Broadcasting and of Communication and of the Economic and Social Council prior to their implementation, must be submitted to the Constitutional Court which decides on their conformity with the Constitution. (Art. 123)
- French
Les lois organiques avant leur promulgation, les Règlements intérieurs de l'Assemblée nationale, de la Haute Autorité de l'Audiovisuel et de la Communication et du Conseil économique et social avant leur mise en application, doivent être soumis à la Cour constitutionnelle qui se prononce sur leur conformité à la Constitution. (Art. 123)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The High Court—
…
(c) may decide constitutional matters except those that only the Constitutional Court may decide;
… (Sec. 171)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishWhen determining a case, the courts refuse to give effect to a law or other legislation that is in conflict with the Constitution.
The Supreme Court declares invalid any law or other legislation that is in conflict with the letter and spirit of the Constitution. (Sec. 152) - EstonianKohus jätab kohtuasja lahendamisel kohaldamata mis tahes seaduse või muu õigusakti, kui see on vastuolus põhiseadusega.
Riigikohus tunnistab kehtetuks mis tahes seaduse või muu õigusakti, kui see on vastuolus põhiseaduse sätte ja mõttega. (§ 152)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court, at the request of the President of the Republic, of the President of the National Assembly, of at least fifteen Deputies, of the Prime Minister, of the Prosecutor General of the Republic and, of the Ombudsman, shall consider and declare:
a) The unconstitutionality of any rules or resolutions of a content that is normative and material or specific and concrete;
b) The illegality of rules and resolutions referred to in the subparagraph above. (Art. 280) - PortugueseO Tribunal Constitucional, a pedido do Presidente da República, do Presidente da Assembleia Nacional, de pelo menos quinze Deputados, do Primeiro Ministro, do Procurador-Geral da República e do Provedor de Justiça, aprecia e declara:
a) A inconstitucionalidade de quaisquer normas ou resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto;
b) A ilegalidade das normas e resoluções referidas na alínea anterior. (Art. 280)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishI. The Pluri-National Constitutional Court (Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional) assures the supremacy of the Constitution, exercises constitutional control, and safeguards respect for and enforcement of constitutional rights and guarantees.
II. As criteria to be applied in its interpretive role, the Pluri-National Constitutional Court shall give preference to the intent of the constituent assembly as demonstrated in its documents, acts and resolutions, as well as the literal tenor of the text. (Art. 196) - SpanishI. El Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional vela por la supremacía de la Constitución, ejerce el control de constitucionalidad, y precautela el respeto y la vigencia de los derechos y las garantías constitucionales.
II. En su función interpretativa, el Tribunal Constitucional Plurinacional aplicará como criterio de interpretación, con preferencia, la voluntad del constituyente, de acuerdo con sus documentos, actas y resoluciones, así como el tenor literal del texto. (Art. 196)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall consider and adopt decisions on whether the laws of the Republic of Lithuania or other acts adopted by the Seimas are in conflict with the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania.
The Constitutional Court shall also consider whether the following are in conflict with the Constitution and laws:
1) the acts of the President of the Republic;
2) the acts of the Government of the Republic.
The Constitutional Court shall present conclusions on:
1) whether there were the violations of election laws during the elections of the President of the Republic or the elections of the Members of the Seimas;
2) whether the state of health of the President of the Republic allows him to continue to hold office;
3) whether the international treaties of the Republic of Lithuania are in conflict with the Constitution;
4) whether the concrete actions of the Members of the Seimas and state officials against whom an impeachment case has been instituted are in conflict with the Constitution (Art. 105) - LithuanianKonstitucinis Teismas nagrinėja ir priima sprendimą, ar neprieštarauja Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijai Lietuvos Respublikos įstatymai ir kiti Seimo priimti aktai.
Konstitucinis Teismas taip pat nagrinėja, ar neprieštarauja Konstitucijai ir įstatymams:
1) Respublikos Prezidento aktai;
2) Respublikos Vyriausybės aktai.
Konstitucinis Teismas teikia išvadas:
1) ar nebuvo pažeisti rinkimų įstatymai per Respublikos Prezidento ar Seimo narių rinkimus;
2) ar Respublikos Prezidento sveikatos būklė leidžia jam ir toliau eiti pareigas;
3) ar Lietuvos Respublikos tarptautinės sutartys neprieštarauja Konstitucijai;
4) ar Seimo narių ir valstybės pareigūnų, kuriems pradėta apkaltos byla, konkretūs veiksmai prieštarauja Konstitucijai. (105 straipsnis)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAny person [particulier] can, either directly, or by the procedure of the plea [exception] of unconstitutionality invoked before a jurisdiction in a matter that concerns him, refer the Constitutional Court to [a matter] concerning the constitutionality of the laws and of the treaties.
In the case of [a] plea of unconstitutionality, the referred jurisdiction postpones [its] decision and grants [impartit] the petitioner a time period of one (1) month from the notification of the decision to refer [the matter] to the Constitutional Court. (Art. 180) - FrenchTout particulier peut, soit directement, soit par la procédure de l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité invoquée devant une juridiction dans une affaire qui le concerne, saisir la Cour constitutionnelle sur la constitutionnalité des lois et des traités.
En cas d’exception d’inconstitutionnalité, la juridiction saisie surseoit à statuer et impartit au requérant un délai d’un (1) mois à partir de la signification de sa décision pour saisir la Cour constitutionnelle. (Art. 180)