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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English(1) A person who claims that a public authority has acted (or proposes to act) in a way which is made unlawful by section 6(1) may—
(a) bring proceedings against the authority under this Act in the appropriate court or tribunal, or
(b) rely on the Convention right or rights concerned in any legal proceedings, but only if he is (or would be) a victim of the unlawful act.
(2) In subsection (1)(a) “appropriate court or tribunal” means such court or tribunal as may be determined in accordance with rules; and proceedings against an authority include a counterclaim or similar proceeding.
(3) If the proceedings are brought on an application for judicial review, the applicant is to be taken to have a sufficient interest in relation to the unlawful act only if he is, or would be, a victim of that act.
(4) If the proceedings are made by way of a petition for judicial review in Scotland, the applicant shall be taken to have title and interest to sue in relation to the unlawful act only if he is, or would be, a victim of that act.
…
(6) In subsection (1)(b) “legal proceedings” includes—
(a) proceedings brought by or at the instigation of a public authority; and
(b) an appeal against the decision of a court or tribunal.
… (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 7)
Judicial Protection
- English…
(4) This Constitution shall be enforced through the courts, to ensure that––
…
(b) rights and freedoms are protected;
… (Sec. 2) - iTaukei…
(4) Na Yavunivakavulewa qo e dodonu me vaqaqacotaka na mataveilewai me vakadeitaka na—
…
(b) maroroi na dodonu kei na galala;
… (Sec. 2)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) An appeal to the Court of Appeal shall lie as of right from final decisions of the High Court given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by section 24 (which relates to the enforcement of fundamental rights and freedoms).
(2) An appeal shall lie as of right to the Caribbean Court of Justice from any decision given by the Court of Appeal in any such case.
… (Sec. 87)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEveryone has the right to access the organs comprising the justice system for the purpose of enforcing his or her rights and interests, including those of a collective or diffuse nature to the effective protection of the aforementioned and to obtain the corresponding prompt decision. … (Art. 26)
- SpanishToda persona tiene derecho de acceso a los órganos de administración de justicia para hacer valer sus derechos e intereses, incluso los colectivos o difusos, a la tutela efectiva de los mismos y a obtener con prontitud la decisión correspondiente. ... (Art. 26)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) Subject to the provisions of subsection (6) of this section, if any person alleges that any of the provisions of sections 3 to 164 (inclusive) of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him (or, in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person) then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction-
(a) to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of the preceding subsection;
(b) to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of the next following subsection, and may make such orders, issue such writs and give such directions, including the payment of compensation, as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of sections 3 to 16 (inclusive) of this Constitution:
Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
(3) If in any proceedings in any subordinate court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of sections 3 to 16 (inclusive) of this Constitution, the person presiding in that court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinion, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Any person aggrieved by any determination of the High Court under this section may appeal therefrom to the Court of Appeal:
Provided that no appeal shall lie from a determination of the High Court under this section dismissing an application on the ground that it is frivolous or vexatious.
(5) Parliament may confer upon the High Court powers additional to those conferred by this section for the purpose of enabling that court more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this section.
(6) Rules of court making provision with respect to the practise and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction conferred on it by or under this section (including rules with respect to the time within which any application or reference shall or may be made or brought) may be made by the person or authority for the time being having power to make rules of court with respect to the practice and procedure of that court generally. (Sec. 18)
Judicial Protection
- English1. A law shall, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, provide for the establishment, jurisdiction and powers of courts of civil and criminal jurisdiction other than courts to be provided by a communal law under Article 160.
2. Any such law shall provide for the establishment of adequate courts in sufficient number for the proper and undelayed administration of justice and for securing within the limits of their respective competence the efficient application of the provisions of this Constitution guaranteeing the fundamental rights and liberties.
… (Art. 158) - Greek1. Tηρουμένων των διατάξεων του Συντάγματος, νόμος θέλει ορίσει περί της ιδρύσεως, της δικαιοδοσίας και των εξουσιών των πολιτικών και ποινικών δικαστηρίων, πλην των δικαστηρίων, περί ων θέλει ορίση κατά το άρθρον 160 κοινοτικός νόμος.
2. Πάς τοιούτος νόμος θέλει προβλέψει δια την ίδρυσιν αποχρώντων δικαστηρίων εις επαρκή αριθμόν δια την πρόσφορον και άνευ καθυστερήσεων απονομήν της δικαιοσύνης και δια την διασφάλισιν, εντός των ορίων της δικαιοδοσίας αυτών, της πιστής εφαρμογής των διασφαλιζουσών τα θεμελιώδη δικαιώματα και ελευθερίας διατάξεων του Συντάγματος.
… (Αρθρον 158) - Turkish1. Bu Anayasanın hükümlerine tabi olmak şartıyla bir kanun, 160. Madde uyarınca bir cemaat hukuku ile kurulacak mahkemelerin dışında kalan, hukuki ve cezai yargı yetkisine sahip mahkemelerin kurulmasını, yetki ve vazifelerini gösterir.
2. Böyle bir kanun, adaletin gereği gibi ve gecikmeden sağlanması ve kendi yetkilerinin sınırları içinde bu Anayasanın ana hak ve hürriyetleri sağlayan hükümlerinin etkili uygulamasını temin etmeleri için yeter sayıda ve yeterlikte mahkemelerin kurulması için hükümler koyar.
... (Madde 158)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAnyone whose rights or freedoms, as guaranteed by this Chapter, have been infringed or denied may apply to a court to obtain a just remedy. (Art. 65)
- Dhivehiމި ބާބުގައި ބަޔާންކޮށްފައިވާ އެއްވެސް ޙައްޤެއް ނުވަތަ މިނިވަންކަމެއް އެއްވެސް މީހެއްގެ ކިބައިން ނިގުޅައިގެންފިނަމަ، ނުވަތަ ހިފަހައްޓައިފިނަމަ، އިންސާފްވެރި ޙައްލެއް ހޯދުމަށްޓަކައި އެ މައްސަލަ ކޯޓަށް ހުށަހެޅުމުގެ ޙައްޤު އެ މީހަކަށް ލިބިގެވެއެވެ. (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 65 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Judicial Protection
- English
All citizens have the right to present to the administration, individually or collectively, petitions in order to present questions of general interest or infringements to their fundamental rights.
The concerned administration must inform the petitioners, within a reasonable time period, of the response committed [suites réservées] to their demands. (Art. 77) - Arabic
لكل مواطن الحق في تقديم ملتمسات إلى الإدارة، بشكل فردي أو جماعي، لطرح انشغالات تتعلق بالمصلحة العامة أو بتصرفات ماسة بحقوقه الأساسية.
يتعيّن على الإدارة المعنية الرد على الملتمسات في أجل معقول (المــادة 77) - French
Tout citoyen a le droit de présenter à l’administration, individuellement ou collectivement, des pétitions aux fins d’exposer des questions d’intérêt général ou des atteintes à ses droits fondamentaux.
L’administration concernée doit informer les pétitionnaires, dans un délai raisonnable, des suites réservées à leurs demandes. (Art. 77)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe rights and liberties of individual and citizen shall be protected by the Constitution, the laws of the republic, and international legal documents recognized by Tajikistan.
The rights and freedoms of individual and citizen are exercised directly. They determine the goals, content and application of laws, the activities of the legislative, executive and local bodies of state power and self-government and are ensured by the judiciary. … (Art. 14) - RussianПрава и свободы человека и гражданина регулируется и охраняются Конституцией, законами республики, признанными Таджикистаном международно ‐ правовыми актами.
Права и свободы человека и гражданина осуществляются непосредственно. Они определяют цели, содержание и применение законов,деятельность законодательной, исполнительной и местных органов государственной власти и самоуправления и обеспечиваются судебной властью. … (Статья 14) - TajikҲуқуқу озодиҳои инсон ва шаҳрванд ба воситаи Конститутсия, қонунҳои ҷумҳурӣ ва санадҳои ҳуқуқии байналмилалие, ки аз тарафи Тоҷикистон эътироф шудаанд, ҳифз мегарданд.
Іуѕуѕ ва озодиіои инсон ва шаірванд бевосита амалњ мешаванд. Оніо маѕсад, мазмун ва татбиѕи ѕонуніо, фаъолияти іокимияти ѕонунгузор, иїроия, маѕомоти маіаллии іокимияти давлатњ ва худидоракуниро муайян мекунанд ва ба воситаи іокимияти судњ таъмин мегарданд. … (Моддаи 14)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Judicial Power, guardian of the freedoms and of property, is held to assure respect for the principles consecrated as the fundamental bases of society by this Constitution. (Art. 110)
- FrenchLe Pouvoir Judiciaire, gardien des libertés de la propriété, est tenu d’assurer le respect des principes consacrés comme bases fondamentales de la société par la présente Constitution. (Art. 110)