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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

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Political Rights and Association

Haiti
  • English
    The principle of the quota of at least thirty percent (30%) of women is recognized at all levels of national life, notably in the public services. (Art. 17-1)
  • French
    Le principe du quota d’au moins trente pour cent (30%) de femmes est reconnu à tous les niveaux de la vie nationale, notamment dans les services publics. (Art. 17.1)

Political Rights and Association

Peru
  • English

    Citizens may exercise their rights individually or through political organizations, such as parties, movements or alliances, in accordance with the law.
    … (Art. 35)

  • Spanish

    Los ciudadanos pueden ejercer sus derechos individualmente o a través de organizaciones políticas como partidos, movimientos o alianzas, conforme a ley.
    … (Art. 35)

Political Rights and Association

Egypt
  • English
    All citizens shall have the right to form non-governmental associations and foundations on democratic basis, which shall acquire legal personality upon notification.
    … (Art. 75)
  • Arabic
    للمواطنين حق تكوين الجمعيات والمؤسسات الأهلية على أساس ديمقراطى، وتكون لها الشخصية الاعتبارية بمجرد الإخطار.
    ... (المادّة 75)

Political Rights and Association

Ecuador
  • English
    Ecuadorians benefit from the following rights:
    1. To elect and be elected.
    …
    7. To hold and discharge public office and duties on the basis of merits and capacities and in a transparent, inclusive, equitable, pluralistic and democratic selection and designation system that guarantees their participation, on the basis of criteria of gender equity and parity, equal opportunities for persons with disabilities, and intergenerational participation.
    8. To set up political parties and movements, join or withdraw from them and participate in all the decisions adopted by them.
    … (Art. 61)
  • Spanish
    Las ecuatorianas y ecuatorianos gozan de los siguientes derechos:
    1. Elegir y ser elegidos.
    …
    7. Desempeñar empleos y funciones públicas con base en méritos y capacidades, y en un sistema de selección y designación transparente, incluyente, equitativo, pluralista y democrático, que garantice su participación, con criterios de equidad y paridad de género, igualdad de oportunidades para las personas con discapacidad y participación intergeneracional.
    8. Conformar partidos y movimientos políticos, filiarse o desafiliarse libremente de ellos y participar en todas las decisiones que éstos adopten.
    … (Art. 61)

Political Rights and Association

Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • English
    (1) Except with his or her own consent, a person shall not be hindered in the enjoyment of his or her freedom of assembly and association, that is to say, his or her right to assembly freely and associate with other persons and in particular to form or belong to trade unions or other associations for the protection of his or her interests or to form or belong to political parties or other political associations.
    … (Sec. 13)

Political Rights and Association

Equatorial Guinea
  • English
    Sovereignty belongs to the people, who exercise it by way of universal suffrage. … (Art. 2)
  • Spanish
    La soberanía pertenece al pueblo, el cual la ejerce a través del sufragio universal. … (Art. 2)
  • French
    La souveraineté émane du peuple qui l'exerce à travers le suffrage universel. … (Art. 2)

Political Rights and Association

France
  • English
    The Law is the expression of the general will. All citizens have the right to take part, personally or through their representatives, in its making.
    … (1789 Declaration, Art. 6)
  • French
    La Loi est l'expression de la volonté générale. Tous les Citoyens ont droit de concourir personnellement, ou par leurs Représentants, à sa formation.
    … (Déclaration 1789, Art. 6)

Political Rights and Association

Botswana
  • English
    (1) Except with his or her own consent, no person shall be hindered in the enjoyment of his or her freedom of assembly and association, that is to say, his or her right to assemble freely and associate with other persons and in particular to form or belong to trade unions or other associations for the protection of his or her interests.
    … (Sec. 13)

Political Rights and Association

Philippines
  • English
    The right of the people and their organizations to effective and reasonable participation at all levels of social, political, and economic decision-making shall not be abridged. The State shall, by law, facilitate the establishment of adequate consultation mechanisms. (Art. XIII, Sec. 16)
  • Filipino
    Hindi dapat bawalan ang karapatan ng sambayanan at ng kanilang mga organisasyon sa mabisa at makatwirang pakikilahok sa lahat ng mga antas ng pagpapasiyang panlipunan, pampulitika, at pangkabuhayan. Dapat padaliin ng Estado, sa pamamagitan ng batas, ang pagtatatag ng sapat na mga pamamaraan sa pakikipagsanggunian. (Art. XIII, Seksyon 16)

Political Rights and Association

Timor-Leste
  • English
    1. Every citizen has the right to participate in the political life and in the public affairs of the country, either directly or through democratically elected representatives.
    2. Every citizen has the right to establish and to participate in political parties.
    3. The establishment and organisation of political parties shall be regulated by law. (Sec. 46)
  • Tetum
    1. Sidadaun hotu-hotu iha direitu atu partisipa, hosi nia rasik eh liu hosi reprezentante ne’ebé hili tiha ona tuir demokrasia, ba vida polítika no ba asuntu públiku nian iha rai laran.
    2. Sidadaun hotu-hotu iha direitu atu halo no partisipa iha partidu polítiku sira.
    3. Konstituisaun no organizasaun ba partidu polítiku sira lei maka regula. (Art. 46)
  • Portuguese
    1. Todo o cidadão tem o direito de participar, por si ou através de representantes democraticamente eleitos, na vida política e nos assuntos públicos do país.
    2. Todo o cidadão tem o direito de constituir e de participar em partidos políticos.
    3. A constituição e a organização dos partidos políticos são reguladas por lei. (Art. 46)