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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of Justice through the Constitutional Chamber will be the sole tribunal competent to declare the unconstitutionality of the laws, decrees, and regulations, in their form and content, in a general and obligatory manner, and it may do so on petition by any citizen. (Art. 183)
- SpanishLa Corte Suprema de Justicia por medio de la Sala de lo Constitucional será el único tribunal competente para declarar la inconstitucionalidad de las leyes, decretos y reglamentos, en su forma y contenido, de un modo general y obligatorio, y podrá hacerlo a petición de cualquier ciudadano. (Art. 183)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishInstitutional Acts, before their promulgation, Private Members’ Bills mentioned in article 11 before they are submitted to referendum, and the rules of procedure of the Houses of Parliament shall, before coming into force, be referred to the Constitutional Council, which shall rule on their conformity with the Constitution.
To the same end, Acts of Parliament may be referred to the Constitutional Council, before their promulgation, by the President of the Republic, the Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly, the President of the Senate, sixty Members of the National Assembly or sixty Senators.
… (1958 Constitution, Art. 61) - FrenchLes lois organiques, avant leur promulgation, les propositions de loi mentionnées à l'article 11 avant qu'elles ne soient soumises au référendum, et les règlements des assemblées parlementaires, avant leur mise en application, doivent être soumis au Conseil constitutionnel qui se prononce sur leur conformité à la Constitution.
Aux mêmes fins, les lois peuvent être déférées au Conseil constitutionnel, avant leur promulgation, par le Président de la République, le Premier ministre, le président de l'Assemblée nationale, le président du Sénat ou soixante députés ou soixante sénateurs.
… (Constitution 1958, Art. 61)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Court decisions shall be subject to appeal to the Constitutional Court whenever:
a) The courts refuse, on the grounds of unconstitutionality, to apply any rule or resolution of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete;
b) They apply rules or resolutions of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete, whose unconstitutionality has been challenged in the proceedings;
c) They apply rules or resolutions of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete, which have previously been considered unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court itself.
2. Decisions shall also be subject to appeal to the Constitutional Court whenever:
a) They apply resolutions of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete, which have previously been considered illegal by the Constitutional Court or whose illegality has been challenged in the proceedings.
b) They refuse to apply, on the grounds of illegality, the resolutions referred to in the preceding subparagraph. (Art. 281) - Portuguese1. Cabe recurso para o Tribunal Constitucional, das decisões dos Tribunais que:
a) Recusem, com fundamento em inconstitucionalidade, a aplicação de qualquer norma ou resolução de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto;
b) Apliquem normas ou resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto cuja inconstitucionalidade haja sido suscitada no processo;
c) Apliquem normas ou resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto que tenham sido anteriormente julgadas inconstitucionais pelo próprio Tribunal Constitucional.
2. Cabe, ainda, recurso para o Tribunal Constitucional das decisões que:
a) Apliquem resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto que tenham sido julgadas anteriormente ilegais pelo próprio Tribunal Constitucional ou cuja ilegalidade haja sido suscitada no processo;
b) Recusem aplicar, com fundamento em ilegalidade, as resoluções referidas na alínea anterior. (Art. 281)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishWhere any person or any association alleges that any of the rights granted under this Constitution or any legislation or directives are constitutionally contravened, that person or association may invoke the privilege and benefit of court direction, order or writ, including a judgment of unconstitutionality; and anyone injured by an act of the Government or any person acting under its authority, whether in property, contract, tort or otherwise, shall have the right to bring suit for appropriate redress. All such suits brought against the Government shall originate in a Claims Court; appeals from judgment of the Claims Court shall lie directly to the Supreme Court. (Art. 26)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe declaration of unconstitutionality of a law and its abrogation [derogación], may be solicited, by anyone who considers himself injured in his direct, personal, and legitimate interest:
1) By way of action that must be brought [entablar] before the Supreme Court of Justice;
2) By way of exception. which may be opposed in any judicial proceeding; and
3) Also[,] the Jurisdictional Organ that takes cognizance in any Judicial proceeding may solicit[,] of office[,] the declaration of unconstitutionality of a Law and its abrogation before dictating a decision [resolución].
In the cases contemplated in numerals 2) and 3), the activity [actuaciones] must be elevated to the Supreme Court of Justice[,] the procedure following from the moment of summons for decision [sentencia], after which the judicial procedure of the partial question in the sphere of the resolution concerning the unconstitutionality must be suspended. (Art. 185) - SpanishLa declaración de inconstitucionalidad de una ley y su derogación, debe solicitarse, por quien se considere lesionado en su interés directo, personal y legítimo:
1) Por vía de acción que se debe entablar ante la Corte Suprema de Justicia;
2) Por vía de excepción, que podrá oponer en cualquier procedimiento judicial; y,
3) También el Órgano Jurisdiccional que conozca en cualquier procedimiento judicial, podrá solicitar de oficio la declaración de inconstitucionalidad de una ley y su derogación antes de dictar resolución.
En los casos contemplados en los numerales 2) y 3), se debe elevar las actuaciones a la Corte Suprema de Justicia, siguiéndose el procedimiento hasta el momento de la citación para la sentencia, a partir de lo cual se debe suspender el procedimiento judicial de la cuestión parcial en espera de la resolución sobre la inconstitucionalidad. (Art. 185)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) The Constitutional Court decides, by means of [an] order [arret], on the conformity of laws with the Constitution.
(2) The Constitutional Court may be referred to [a matter], under title of preliminary opinion [titre prejudiciel], following the modalities to be determined by the law, by any jurisdiction to decide on the conformity of the laws, with the exception of the laws concerning approval of treaties, with the Constitution.
(3) The Constitutional Court will regulate the disputes of attribution according to the mode determined by the law.
(4) The attributions of the Constitutional Court may be extended by a law voted by a qualified majority gathering at least two-thirds of the votes of the members of the chamber of deputies, the vote by proxy not being admitted.
... (Art. 112)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAny person [particulier] can, either directly, or by the procedure of the plea [exception] of unconstitutionality invoked before a jurisdiction in a matter that concerns him, refer the Constitutional Court to [a matter] concerning the constitutionality of the laws and of the treaties.
In the case of [a] plea of unconstitutionality, the referred jurisdiction postpones [its] decision and grants [impartit] the petitioner a time period of one (1) month from the notification of the decision to refer [the matter] to the Constitutional Court. (Art. 180) - FrenchTout particulier peut, soit directement, soit par la procédure de l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité invoquée devant une juridiction dans une affaire qui le concerne, saisir la Cour constitutionnelle sur la constitutionnalité des lois et des traités.
En cas d’exception d’inconstitutionnalité, la juridiction saisie surseoit à statuer et impartit au requérant un délai d’un (1) mois à partir de la signification de sa décision pour saisir la Cour constitutionnelle. (Art. 180)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. Subject to sections 41(5), 64(5) and 101(1)4, where any person alleges that any provision of this Constitution (other than Chapter II) has been contravened and that his interests are being or are likely to be affected by such contravention, then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person may apply to the Supreme Court for a declaration and for relief under this section.
2. The Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction, in any application made by any person in pursuance of subsection (1) or in any other proceedings lawfully brought before the court, to determine whether any provision of this Constitution (other than Chapter II) has been contravened and to make a declaration accordingly:
Provided that the Supreme Court shall, not make a declaration in pursuance of the jurisdiction conferred by this subsection unless it is satisfied that the interests of the person by whom the application under subsection (1) is made or, in the case of other proceedings before the court, a party to these proceedings, are being or are likely to be affected.
3. Where the Supreme Court makes a declaration in pursuance of subsection (2) that any provision of the Constitution has been contravened and the person by whom the application under subsection (1) was made or, in the case of other proceedings before the court, the party in those proceedings in respect of whom declaration is made, seeks relief, the Supreme Court may grant to that person such remedy, being a remedy available against any person in any proceedings in the Supreme Court under any law for the time being in force in Mauritius, as the court considers appropriate.
4. The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the Supreme Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on it by this section (including rules with respect to the time within which applications shall be made under subsection (1)).
5. Nothing in this section shall confer jurisdiction on the Supreme Court to hear or determine any such question as is referred to in section 375 or paragraph 2(5), 3(2) or 4(4) of the First Schedule otherwise than upon an application made in accordance with that section or that paragraph, as the case may be. (Sec. 83)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English[The following] are duties and attributions of the Supreme Court of Justice:
…
5. to take cognizance [conocer] and to decide [resolver] on unconstitutionality;
… (Art. 259) - SpanishSon deberes y atribuciones de la Corte Suprema de Justicia:
…
5. conocer y resolver sobre inconstitucionalidad;
… (Art. 259)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. In accordance with principles specified by statute, everyone whose constitutional freedoms or rights have been infringed, shall have the right to appeal to the Constitutional Tribunal for its judgment on the conformity to the Constitution of a statute or another normative act upon which basis a court or organ of public administration has made a final decision on his freedoms or rights or on his obligations specified in the Constitution.
2. The provisions of para. 1 above shall not relate to the rights specified in Article 56. (Art. 79) - Polish1. Każdy, czyje konstytucyjne wolności lub prawa zostały naruszone, ma prawo, na zasadach określonych w ustawie, wnieść skargę do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie zgodności z Konstytucją ustawy lub innego aktu normatywnego, na podstawie którego sąd lub organ administracji publicznej orzekł ostatecznie o jego wolnościach lub prawach albo o jego obowiązkach określonych w Konstytucji.
2. Przepis ust. 1 nie dotyczy praw określonych w art. 56. (Art. 79)