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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishJordanian nationality shall be defined by law. (Art. 5)
- Arabicالجنسية الأردنية تحدّد بقانون. (المادة 5)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English…
“citizen of Brunei Darussalam” means a subject of His Majesty the Sultan and Yang Di-Pertuan by virtue of the provisions of any written law relating to nationality;
… (Sec. 2) - Malay…
“warganegara Negara Brunei Darussalam” bermakna rakyat Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Baginda Sultan dan Yang Di-Pertuan menurut peruntukan-peruntukan sebarang undang-undang bertulis berkenaan dengan kerakyatan;
… (Sec. 2)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishCitizens of the Philippines who marry aliens shall retain their citizenship, unless by their act or omission, they are deemed, under the law, to have renounced it. (Art. IV, Sect. 4)
- FilipinoMananatiling angkin ang kanilang pagkamamamayan ng mga mamamayan ng Pilipinas na mag-asawa ng mga dayuhan, matangi kung sa kanilang kagagawan o pagkukulang, sila ay ituturing, sa ilalim ng batas, nagtakwil nito. (Art. IV, Seksyon 4)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe rules which govern the Saudi Arabian nationality shall be defined by the law. (Basic Law, Art. 35)
- Arabicيبين النّظام أحكام الجنسية العربية السعودية. (النظام الأساسي، المادة 35)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this Part, the following persons are citizens by operation of law, that is to say:
(a) every person born before Malaysia Day who is a citizen of the Federation by virtue of the provisions contained in Part I of the Second Schedule; 3and
(b) every person born on or after Malaysia Day, and having any of the qualifications specified in Part II of the Second Schedule. (Art. 14) - Malay(1) Tertakluk kepada peruntukan Bahagian ini, orang yang berikut ialah warganegara melalui kuat kuasa undang-undang, iaitu:
(a) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir sebelum Hari Malaysia yang menjadi warganegara Persekutuan menurut kuasa peruntukan yang terkandung dalam Bahagian I Jadual Kedua; dan
(b) tiap-tiap orang yang lahir pada atau selepas Hari Malaysia dan mempunyai mana-mana kelayakan yang dinyatakan dalam Bahagian II Jadual Kedua. (Perkara 14)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishThe conditions necessary for being a Japanese national shall be determined by law. (Art. 10)
- Japanese日本国民たる要件は、法律でこれを定める。(第10条)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English(1) There shall be a status known as citizen of Singapore.
(2) The status of a citizen of Singapore may be acquired —
(a) by birth;
(b) by descent;
(c) by registration or, before the commencement of this Constitution, by enrolment; or
(d) by naturalisation. (Art. 120)
Citizenship and Nationality
- English
(1) The persons who have obtained the citizenship of Nepal at the time of commencement of this Constitution and who are qualified to obtain citizenship in accordance with this Part shall be the citizens of Nepal.
(2) The following person who has his or her permanent domicile in Nepal at the time of commencement of this Constitution shall be the citizen of Nepal by descent:-
(a) A person who has obtained the citizenship of Nepal by descent prior to the commencement of this Constitution;
(b) A person whose father or mother was a citizen of Nepal at the time of his or her birth.
(3) A child of a citizen having obtained the citizenship of Nepal by virtue of birth prior to the commencement of this Constitution shall, upon attaining the age of majority, acquire the citizenship of Nepal by descent in case the child's father and mother both are citizens of Nepal.
(4) Every minor who is found within Nepal and the whereabouts of whose father and mother are not known shall, until the father or the mother of the child is traced, be a citizen of Nepal by descent.
(5) A person who is born in Nepal to a woman who is a citizen of Nepal and has resided in Nepal and whose father is not traced shall be provided with the citizenship of Nepal by descent.
Provided that in case his or her father is held to be a foreign citizen, the citizenship of such person shall be converted into naturalized citizenship as provided for in the federal law.
(6) A foreign woman who has a matrimonial relationship with a citizen of Nepal may, in case she so desires, acquire the naturalized citizenship of Nepal as provided for in the federal law.
(7) Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Article, in the case of a person born to a woman who is a citizen of Nepal and married to a foreign citizen, the person may acquire the naturalized citizenship of Nepal in accordance with the federal law in case he or she has permanently resided in Nepal and has not acquired the citizenship of a foreign country.
Provided that in case such person's mother and father both are citizens of Nepal at the time of acquisition of citizenship, such person born in Nepal may acquire the citizenship of Nepal by descent.
(8) In the cases other than those referred to in this Article, the Government of Nepal may, in accordance with the federal law, grant the naturalized citizenship of Nepal.
(9) The Government of Nepal may, in accordance with the federal law, grant the honorary citizenship of Nepal.
(10) Whenever any territory is acquired by way of incorporation into Nepal, a person having his or her domicile within such territory shall, subject to the federal law, become a citizen of Nepal. (Art. 11) - Nepali
(१) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुँदाका बखत नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेका र यस भाग बमोजिम नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्न योग्य व्यक्तिहरू नेपालको नागरिक हुनेछन् ।
(२) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुँदाका बखत नेपालमा स्थायी बसोवास भएको देहायको व्यक्ति वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिक ठहर्नेछः–
(क) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुनुभन्दा अघि वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेको व्यक्ति ।
(ख) कुनै व्यक्तिको जन्म हुँदाका बखत निजको बाबु वा आमा नेपालको नागरिक रहेछ भने त्यस्तो व्यक्ति ।
(३) यो संविधान प्रारम्भ हुनुभन्दा अघि जन्मको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेको नागरिकको सन्तानले बाबु र आमा दुवै नेपालको नागरिक रहेछन् भने निज बालिग भएपछि वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्नेछ ।
(४) नेपालभित्र फेला परेको पितृत्व र मातृत्वको ठेगान नभएको प्रत्येक नाबालक निजको बाबु वा आमा फेला नपरेसम्म वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिक ठहर्नेछ ।
(५) नेपालको नागरिक आमाबाट नेपालमा जन्म भई नेपालमा नै बसोबास गरेको र बाबुको पहिचान हुन नसकेको व्यक्तिलाई वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्रदान गरिनेछ । तर बाबु विदेशी नागरिक भएको ठहरेमा त्यस्तो व्यक्तिको नागरिकता संघीय कानून बमोजिम अंगीकृत नागरिकतामा परिणत हुनेछ ।
(६) नेपाली नागरिकसँग वैवाहिक सम्बन्ध कायम गरेकी विदेशी महिलाले चाहेमा संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको अंगीकृत नागरिकता लिनसक्नेछ ।
(७) यस धारामा अन्यत्र जुनसुकै कुरा लेखिएको भए तापनि विदेशी नागरिकसँग विवाह गरेकी नेपाली महिला नागरिकबाट जन्मिएको व्यक्तिको हकमा निज नेपालमा नै स्थायी बसोबास गरेको र निजले विदेशी मुलुकका नागरिकता प्राप्त गरेको रहेनछ भने निजले संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको अंगीकृत नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्न सक्नेछ । तर नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्दाका बखत निजका आमा र बाबु दुवै नेपाली नागरिक रहेछन् भने नेपालमा जन्मेको त्यस्तो व्यक्तिले वंशजको आधारमा नेपालको नागरिकता प्राप्त गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(८) यस धारामा लेखिएदेखि बाहेक नेपाल सरकारले संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको अंगीकृत नागरिकता प्रदान गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(९) नेपाल सरकारले संघीय कानून बमोजिम नेपालको सम्मानार्थ नागरिकता प्रदान गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(१०) नेपालभित्र गाभिने गरी कुनै क्षेत्र प्राप्त भएमा त्यस्तो क्षेत्रभित्र बसोबास भएको व्यक्ति संघीय कानूनको अधीनमा रही नेपालको नागरिक हुनेछ । (धारा ११)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishTurkmenistan has its own citizenship. The citizenship shall be acquired, retained and lost in accordance with law.
Citizenship of another state shall not be recognized for the citizens of Turkmenistan.
No one shall be deprived of citizenship or the right to change citizenship. … (Art. 10) - RussianТуркменистан имеет своё гражданство. Гражданство приобретается, сохраняется и прекращается в соответствии с законом.
За гражданином Туркменистана не признаётся гражданство другого государства.
Никто не может быть лишён гражданства или права изменить гражданство. … (Статья 10) - TurkmenTürkmenistanyň öz raýatlygy bar. Raýatlyk kanuna laýyklykda edinilýär, saklanylýar we bes edilýär.
Türkmenistanyň raýatyna başga döwletiň raýatlygy ykrar edilmeýär.
Hiç kim raýatlygyndan ýa-da raýatlygyny üýtgetmek hukugyndan mahrum edilip bilinmez. … (10-nji madda)
Citizenship and Nationality
- EnglishForeign nationals may acquire Iranian citizenship within the framework of the laws. Citizenship may be withdrawn from such persons if another State accepts them as its citizens or if they request it. (Art. 42)
- Persianاتباع خارجه میتوانند در حدود قوانین به تابعیت ایران در آیند و سلب تابعیت اینگونه اشخاص در صورتی ممکن است که دولت دیگری تابعیت آنها را بپذیرد یا خود آنها درخواست کنند. (اصل 42)