SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 3211 RESULTS
Political Rights and Association
Romania
- English(1) Citizens may freely associate into political parties, trade unions, employers' associations, and other forms of association.
... (Art. 40) - Romanian(1) Cetăţenii se pot asocia liber în partide politice, în sindicate, în patronate şi în alte forme de asociere.
… (Art. 40)
Political Rights and Association
France
- English…
Suffrage may be direct or indirect as provided for by the Constitution. It shall always be universal, equal and secret.
All French citizens of either sex who have reached their majority and are in possession of their civil and political rights may vote as provided for by statute. (1958 Constitution, Art. 3) - French…
Le suffrage peut être direct ou indirect dans les conditions prévues par la Constitution. Il est toujours universel, égal et secret.
Sont électeurs, dans les conditions déterminées par la loi, tous les nationaux français majeurs des deux sexes, jouissant de leurs droits civils et politiques. (Constitution 1958, Art. 3)
Political Rights and Association
Solomon Islands
- EnglishWe the people of Solomon Islands, …
AGREE AND PLEDGE that -
(a) our government shall be based on democratic principles of universal suffrage and the responsibility of executive authorities to elected assemblies;
… (Preamble)
Political Rights and Association
Antigua and Barbuda
- EnglishWhereas every person in Antigua and Barbuda is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, regardless of race, place of origin, political opinions or affiliations, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest, to each and all of the following, namely-
…
b. freedom of conscience, of expression (including freedom of the press) and of peaceful assembly and association;
… (Sec. 3)
Political Rights and Association
Malta
- EnglishThe State shall promote the equal right of men and women to enjoy all economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights and for this purpose shall take appropriate measures to eliminate all forms of discrimination between the sexes by any person, organisation or enterprise;
… (Art. 14) - MalteseL-Istat għandu jippromwovi dritt ugwali ta’ rġiel u nisa li jgawdu d-drittijiet ekonomiċi, soċjali, kulturali, ċivili u politiċi kollha u għal dan il-għan għandu jieħu dawk il-miżuri li jkunu ndikati biex jelimina kull forma ta’ diskriminazzjoni bejn is-sessi, minn kull persuna, organizzazzjoni jew azjenda;
… (Art. 14)
Political Rights and Association
San Marino
- EnglishSuffrage shall be universal, secret and direct.
Each citizen, at the age and under the requirements laid down by the law, shall have the right to vote and be voted. (Art. 7) - ItalianIl suffragio è universale, segreto e diretto.
Ogni cittadino, all'età e alle condizioni stabilite dalla legge, ha diritto di elettorato attivo e passivo. (Art. 7)
Political Rights and Association
Comoros
- EnglishSovereignty belongs to the people who exercise it by their representatives or by way [voie] of referendum. No section of the people nor any individual may arrogate its exercise.
Suffrage may be direct or indirect within the conditions provided for by the Constitution and the law. It is always universal, equal and secret.
All Comorians of the two sexes enjoying their civil and political rights[,] are electors, within the conditions determined by the law. (Art. 3) - Arabicالسيادة للشعب الذي يمارسها من خلال ممثليه أو عن طريق الاستفتاء. لا يجوز أن يعزو أي قسم من الشعب ولا أي فرد ممارستها.
يكون الاقتراع مباشراً أو غير مباشر في إطار الشروط التي ينص عليها الدستور والقانون وهو دائماً شاملاً ومتساوياً وسرياً.
جميع القمريين المتمتعين بحقوقهم المدنية والسياسية هم ناخبون في إطار الشروط المحددة في القانون. (المادة 3) - FrenchLa souveraineté appartient au peuple qui l'exerce par ses représentants et par la voie du referendum. Aucune section du peuple ni aucun individu ne peut s’en attribuer l’exercice.
Le suffrage peut être direct ou indirect dans les conditions prévues par la constitution et la loi. Il est toujours universel, égal et secret.
Sont électeurs, dans les conditions déterminées par la loi, tous les Comoriens des deux sexes jouissant de leurs droits civils et politiques. (Art. 3)
Political Rights and Association
Chile
- EnglishThe Constitution assures to all persons:
…
15. The right to associate without prior permission.
In order to have juridical personality, associations must be constituted in conformity with the law.
No one can be obligated to belong to an association.
Associations contrary to morals, to public order and to the security of the State, are prohibited.
… (Art. 19) - SpanishLa Constitución asegura a todas las personas:
…
15º.- El derecho de asociarse sin permiso previo.
Para gozar de personalidad jurídica, las asociaciones deberán constituirse en conformidad a la ley.
Nadie puede ser obligado a pertenecer a una asociación.
Prohíbense las asociaciones contrarias a la moral, al orden público y a la seguridad del Estado.
… (Art. 19)
Political Rights and Association
Kenya
- English(1) Every citizen is free to make political choices, which includes the right—
(a) to form, or participate in forming, a political party;
(b) to participate in the activities of, or recruit members for, a political party; or
(c) to campaign for a political party or cause.
(2) Every citizen has the right to free, fair and regular elections based on universal suffrage and the free expression of the will of the electors for—
(a) any elective public body or office established under this Constitution; or
(b) any office of any political party of which the citizen is a member.
(3) Every adult citizen has the right, without unreasonable restrictions—
(a) to be registered as a voter;
(b) to vote by secret ballot in any election or referendum; and
(c) to be a candidate for public office, or office within a political party of which the citizen is a member and, if elected, to hold office. (Art. 38) - Swahili(1) Kila raia yuko huru kufanya chaguzi za kisiasa, ambazo ni pamoja na haki-
(a) ya kuunda, au kushiriki katika kuunda chama cha siasa;
(b) kushiriki katika shughuli za, au kuwaandikisha wanachama wa chama cha siasa; au
(c) kufanyia kampeni chama cha kisiasa au shughuli.
(2) Kila raia ana haki ya kushiriki chaguzi huru, za haki na za mara kwa mara zenye msingi wa haki majumui ya kupiga kura na uhuru wa kuelezea nia ya wachaguliwa kwa—
(a) chombo chochote cha kuchaguliwa au ofisi iliyoanzishwa chini ya Katiba hii; au
(b) ofisi yoyote ya chama chochote cha kisiasa ambacho raia huyo ni mwanachama wake.
(3) Kila raia mtu mzima ana haki, bila vizuizi visivyo vya msingi-
(a) ya kuandikishwa kama mpiga kura;
(b) kupiga kura ya siri katika uchaguzi wowote au kura ya maoni; na
(c) kuwa mtaradhia wa ofisi ya umma, au ofisi ndani ya chama cha siasa ambacho raia huyo ni mwanachama wake na, ikiwa amechaguliwa kushika wadhifa. (Kifungu cha 38)
Political Rights and Association
Tonga
- EnglishEvery Tongan subject of twenty-one years of age or more who is not a noble, is not insane or imbecile and is not disabled by the twenty-third clause shall, if registered as an elector, be entitled to vote in an election for representatives of the people to the Legislative Assembly and on the day appointed for election shall be exempt from summons for debt. A person resident outside of Tonga who is qualified to be an elector may vote at an election only if he is registered as an elector and present in Tonga for the election. (Clause 64)
- TonganKo e taha Tonga kotoa pe kuo kakato hono ta‘u uofulu ma taha pe lahi ange ‘oku ‘ikai ko ha nopele, ‘oku ‘ikai faha pe vale pea ‘oku ‘ikai fakatapui ia ‘e hono uofulu ma tolu ‘o e kupu, kapau kuo lesisita ko ha taha fili, ‘oku pau ke ngofua ke ne kau ‘i he fili ‘o e kau fakafofonga ‘o e kakai ki he Fale Alea, pea ‘i he ‘aho kuo tu‘utu‘uni ke fai ai ‘a e fili kuo pau ke faka‘ata ia mei hano faka‘ilo ko e ‘uhi ko ha mo‘ua. Ko ha taha ‘oku ‘ikai nofo ‘i Tonga ‘a ia ‘oku ngofua ke hoko ko e taha fili ‘e ngofua ke fili ‘i ha fili ‘o kapau pe ‘oku ‘osi lesisita ko e taha fili pea ‘oku lolotonga ‘i Tonga ki he fili. (Kupu 64)