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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Gambia
- English(1) Any person who has been ordinarily resident in The Gambia for a continuous period of not less than fifteen years and who satisfies the conditions set out in subsection (2) may apply, in such manner as may be prescribed by or under an Act of the National Assembly, to be naturalised as a citizen of The Gambia.
(2) The conditions referred to in subsection (1) are that the applicant—
(a) is of full age and capacity;
(b) is of good character;
(c) has clearly shown that, if naturalised, he or she intends to continue permanently to reside in The Gambia;
(d) is capable of supporting himself or herself and his or her dependants.
(3) The Minister shall give reasons for any refusal of an application made under this section.
(4) No person shall be naturalized until he or she has renounced any other citizenship he or she may have and taken an oath of allegiance to The Gambia. (Sec. 12)
Citizenship and Nationality
Nicaragua
- English
Nicaraguans are nationals or naturalized [nacionalizados]. (Art. 15)
- Spanish
Los nicaragüenses son nacionales o nacionalizados. (Art. 15)
Citizenship and Nationality
Monaco
- EnglishThe circumstances in which Monegasque nationality may be acquired are laid down by law. The circumstances in which a person who has acquired Monegasque nationality by naturalization may be deprived of it are laid down in the law.
Loss of Monegasque nationality in any other circumstance may occur only, as prescribed by law, further to the intentional acquisition of another nationality or of service unlawfully carried out in a foreign army. (Art. 18) - FrenchLa loi règle les modes d'acquisition de la nationalité. La loi règle les conditions dans lesquelles la nationalité acquise par naturalisation peut-être retirée.
La perte de la nationalité monégasque dans tous les autres cas ne peut être prévue par la loi qu'en raison de l'acquisition volontaire d'une autre nationalité ou du service illégitimement accompli dans une armée étrangère. (Art 18)
Citizenship and Nationality
Uganda
- English1. Every person born in Uganda-
a. at the time of whose birth-
i. neither of his or her parents and none of his or her grandparents had diplomatic status in Uganda; and
ii. neither of his or her parents and none of his or her grandparents was a refugee in Uganda; and
b. who has lived continuously in Uganda since the ninth day of October, 1962, shall, on application, be entitled to be registered as a citizen of Uganda.
2. The following persons shall, upon application, be registered as citizens of Uganda-
a. every person married to a Uganda citizen upon proof of a legal and subsisting marriage of three years or such other period prescribed by Parliament;
b. every person who has legally and voluntarily migrated to and has been living in Uganda for at least ten years or such other period prescribed by Parliament;
c. every person who, on the commencement of this Constitution, has lived in Uganda for at least twenty years.
3. Paragraph (a) of clause (2) of this article applies also to a person who was married to a citizen of Uganda who, but for his or her death, would have continued to be a citizen of Uganda under this Constitution.
4. Where a person has been registered as a citizen of Uganda under paragraph (a) of clause (2) of this article and the marriage by virtue of which that person was registered is-
a. annulled or otherwise declared void by a court or tribunal of competent jurisdiction; or
b. dissolved,
that person shall, unless he or she renounces that citizenship, continue to be a citizen of Uganda. (Art. 12)
Citizenship and Nationality
Kenya
- EnglishParliament shall enact legislation—
(a) prescribing procedures by which a person may become a citizen;
…
(e) prescribing procedures for revocation of citizenship;
…
(g) generally giving effect to the provisions of this Chapter.
… (Art. 18) - SwahiliBunge litatunga sheria—
(a) ikielezea taratibu ambazo kwazo mtu anaweza kuwa raia;
…
(e) ikielezea taratibu za kufuta uraia;
…
(g) kwa ujumla itakayotekeleza vifungu vya Sura hii.
… (Kifungu cha 18)
Citizenship and Nationality
Paraguay
- EnglishThe law will establish the norms concerning the acquisition, recovery and options of nationality, as well as concerning the suspension of the citizenship.
… (Art. 154) - SpanishLa ley establecerá las normas sobre adquisición, recuperación y opción de la nacionalidad, así como sobre la suspensión de la ciudadanía.
… (Art. 154)
Citizenship and Nationality
Switzerland
- English1 Any person who is a citizen of a commune and of the Canton to which that commune belongs is a Swiss citizen.
… (Art. 37) - French1 A la citoyenneté suisse toute personne qui possède un droit de cité communal et le droit de cité du canton.
… (Art. 37) - German1 Schweizerbürgerin oder Schweizerbürger ist, wer das Bürgerrecht einer Gemeinde und das Bürgerrecht des Kantons besitzt.
… (Art. 37) - Italian1 Ha la cittadinanza svizzera chi possiede una cittadinanza comunale e la cittadinanza di un Cantone.
… (Art. 37)
Citizenship and Nationality
Antigua and Barbuda
- English1. Subject to the provisions of paragraph (e) of section 112 and of section 117 of this Constitution, the following persons shall be entitled, upon making application, to be registered on or after 1st November 1981-
a. any person who, on 31st October 1981-
i. was married to a person who becomes a citizen by virtue of section 112 of this Constitution; or
ii. was married to a person who, having died before 1st November 1981, would have but for his or her death, become a citizen by virtue of that section: Provided that such person is not, or was not at the time of the death of the spouse, living apart from the spouse under a decree of a competent court or a deed of separation;
b. any person who-
i. was married to a person who is or becomes a citizen; or
ii. was married to a person who was or, but for his or her death, would have become a citizen:
Provided that no application shall be allowed from such person before the marriage has subsisted for upwards of three years and that such person is not, or was not at the time of the death of the spouse, living apart from the spouse under a decree of a competent court or a deed of separation;
c. i. every person being a Commonwealth citizen who on 31st October 1981 was domiciled in Antigua and had been ordinarily resident therein for a period of not less than seven years preceding that day;
ii. any person who being a Commonwealth citizen is domiciled in Antigua and Barbuda and has for a period of not less than seven years immediately preceding his application been lawfully ordinarily resident in Antigua and Barbuda (whether or not that period commenced before 1st November 1981);
d. any person who, but for having renounced his citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies in order to qualify for the acquisition or retention of the citizenship of another country, would have become a citizen on 1st November 1981;
e. any person who, having been a citizen, had to renounce his citizenship in order to qualify for the acquisition or retention of the citizenship of another country;
f. any person under the age of eighteen years who is the child, stepchild or child adopted in a manner recognised by law of a citizen or is the child, stepchild or child so adopted of a person who is or would but for his death have been entitled to be registered as a citizen under this subsection.
2. An application under this section shall be made in such manner as may be prescribed as respects that application by or under a law enacted by Parliament and, in the case of a person to whom subsection (1) (f) of this section applies, it shall be made on his behalf by his parent or guardian:
Provided that if the person to whom subsection (1) (f) of this section applies is or has been married, the application may be made by that person. (Sec. 114)
Citizenship and Nationality
Suriname
- English1. Who is a Suriname national and who is a resident shall be decided by law.
2. Naturalization shall be regulated by law.
… (Art. 3) - Dutch1. Wie Surinamer en ingezetene is, wordt bij wet bepaald.
2. Naturalisatie wordt bij wet geregeld.
... (Art. 3)
Citizenship and Nationality
Jordan
- EnglishJordanian nationality shall be defined by law. (Art. 5)
- Arabicالجنسية الأردنية تحدّد بقانون. (المادة 5)