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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Political Rights and Association
Liechtenstein
- EnglishThe right of free association and assembly shall be guaranteed within the limits prescribed by law. (Art. 41)
- GermanDas freie Vereins- und Versammlungsrecht ist innerhalb der gesetzlichen Schranken gewährleistet. (Art. 41)
Political Rights and Association
Portugal
- English1. Direct, secret and periodic suffrage is the general rule for the appointment of the officeholders of the elected entities that exercise sovereignty, elected organs of autonomous regions and elected local government organs.
...
3. Election campaigns are governed by the following principles:
…
b) Equal opportunities and treatment for all candidatures;
…
5. Votes are converted into seats in harmony with the principle of proportional representation.
… (Art. 113) - Portuguese1. O sufrágio directo, secreto e periódico constitui a regra geral de designação dos titulares dos órgãos electivos da soberania, das regiões autónomas e do poder local.
...
3. As campanhas eleitorais regem-se pelos seguintes princípios:
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b) Igualdade de oportunidades e de tratamento das diversas candidaturas;
...
5. A conversão dos votos em mandatos far-se-á de harmonia com o princípio da representação proporcional.
... (Art. 113)
Political Rights and Association
Andorra
- EnglishAndorrans have the right freely to create political parties.
… (Art. 26) - CatalanEs reconeix als andorrans el dret de lliure creació de partits polítics.
… (Art. 26)
Political Rights and Association
Pakistan
- English(1) Every citizen shall have the right to form associations or unions, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan, public order or morality.
(2) Every citizen, not being in the service of Pakistan, shall have the right to form or be a member of a political party, subject to any reasonable restrictions imposed by law in the interest of the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan and such law shall provide that where the Federal Government declares that any political party has been formed or is operating in a manner prejudicial to the sovereignty or integrity of Pakistan, the Federal Government shall, within fifteen days of such declaration, refer the matter to the Supreme Court whose decision on such reference shall be final.
… (Art. 17) - Urdu(ا) پاکستان کی حاکمیت اعلی یا سالمیت امنِ عامہ یا اخلاق کے مفاد میں قانون کے ذریعے عائد کردہ معقول پابندیوں کے تابع، ہر شہری کو انجمنیں یا یونینیں بنانے کا حق حاصل ہو گا۔
(٢) ہر شہری کو، جو ملازمتِ پاکستان میں نہ ہو، پاکستان کی حاکمیت اعلی سالمیت کے مفاد میں قانون کے ذریعے عائد کردہ معقول پابندیوں کے تابع کوئی سیاسی جماعت بنانے یا اس کا رکن بننے کا حق ہوگا اور مذکورہ قانون میں قرار دیا جائے گا کہ جبکہ وفاقی حکومت یہ اعلان کر دے کہ کوئی سیاسی جماعت ایسے طریقے پر بنائی گئی ہے یا عمل کر رہی ہے جو پاکستان کی حاکمیتِ اعلی یا سالمیت کے لیے مضر ہے تو وفاقی حکومت مذکورہ اعلان سے پندرہ دن کے اندر معاملہ عدالتِ عظمٰی کے حوالے کر دے گی جس کا مذکورہ حوالے پر فیصلہ قطعی ہوگا۔
… (آرٹیکل ۱۷)
Political Rights and Association
Afghanistan
- EnglishThe citizens of Afghanistan shall have the right to elect and be elected. The conditions of exercising this right shall be regulated by law. (Art. 33)
- Dariاتباع افغانستان حق انتخاب كردن و انتخاب شدن را دارا می باشند. شرایط و طرز استفاده از این حق توسط قانون تنظیم میگردد. (مادۀ ۳۳)
- Pashtoد افغانستان اتباع د انتخابولو او د انتخابېدلو حق لري. له دې حق څخه د گټي اخيستو شرايط او لارې د قانون له ليارې تنظيمېږي. (۳۳ ماده)
Political Rights and Association
Senegal
- English…The sovereign People of Senegal, …
Proclaim:
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- the access of all the citizens, without discrimination, to the exercise of power at all its levels,
… (Preamble) - French... Le peuple du Sénégal souverain, …
Proclame :
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- l’accès de tous les citoyens, sans discrimination, à l’exercice du pouvoir à tous les niveaux ;
… (Préambule)
Political Rights and Association
El Salvador
- EnglishAll Salvadorans [that are] older than eighteen years of age are citizens. (Art. 71)
- SpanishSon ciudadanos todos los salvadoreños mayores de dieciocho años. (Art. 71)
Political Rights and Association
Romania
- English(1) Citizens may freely associate into political parties, trade unions, employers' associations, and other forms of association.
... (Art. 40) - Romanian(1) Cetăţenii se pot asocia liber în partide politice, în sindicate, în patronate şi în alte forme de asociere.
… (Art. 40)
Political Rights and Association
Cyprus
- English1. Subject to paragraph 2 of this Article every citizen of the Republic who has attained the age of twenty-one years and has such residential qualifications as may be prescribed by the respective communal electoral law shall have the right to be registered as an elector in the respective communal electoral list:
Provided that the members of the Greek Community shall only be registered in the Greek communal electoral list and the members of the Turkish Community shall only-be registered in the Turkish communal electoral list.
2. No person shall be qualified to be registered as an elector who is disqualified for such registration by virtue of the respective communal electoral law. (Art. 94) - GreekΤηρουμένων των διατάξεων της δευτέρας παραγράφου του παρόντος άρθρου, πας πολίτης της Δημοκρατίας, έχων συμπληρώσει το εικοστόν πρώτον έτος της ηλικίας αυτού και έχων τα υπό του αντιστοίχου κοινοτικού εκλογικού νόμου καθοριζόμενα προσόντα διαμονής, δικαιούται να εγγραφεί ως εκλογεύς εις τον αντίστοιχον εκλογικόν κοινοτικόν κατάλογον.
Τα μέλη της ελληνικής κοινότητος εγγράφονται μόνον εις τον ελληνικόν κοινοτικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον και τα μέλη της τουρκικής κοινότητος εγγράφονται μόνον εις τον τουρκικόν κοινοτικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον.
Ουδείς δικαιούται να εγγραφεί εις τον κοινοτικόν εκλογικόν κατάλογον ως εκλογεύς, εφ’ όσον δεν κέκτηται τα υπό του αντιστοίχου κοινοτικού εκλογικού νόμου απαιτούμενα προς εγγραφήν προσόντα. (Αρθρον 94) - Turkish1. Bu Maddenin 2. fıkrası hükümleri saklı kalmak şartıyla, yirmi bir yaşını doldurmuş ve ilgili cemaat seçim kanununda gösterilen ikamet şartlarına sahip her Cumhuriyet vatandaşı, ilgili cemaat seçim listesine seçmen olarak kaydedilme hakkına sahiptir:
Ancak, Rum Cemaati üyeleri yalnız Rum cemaat seçim listesine ve Türk Cemaati üyeleri yalnız Türk Cemaat seçim listesine kayıt edilebilir.
2. İlgili cemaat seçim kanunu gereğince kayıt dışı bırakılan bir şahıs, seçmen olarak kaydedilme hakkına sahip değildir. (Madde 94)
Political Rights and Association
Solomon Islands
- English
(1) Any person who is registered as an elector in any constituency shall be entitled to vote in such manner as may be prescribed at any election for that constituency
… (Sec. 56)