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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Mexico
- EnglishThe Congress holds the faculty:
...
XVI. To enact [dictar] laws concerning nationality, the juridical status [condición] of foreigners, citizenship, naturalization, ... (Art. 73) - SpanishEl Congreso tiene facultad:
...
XVI. Para dictar leyes sobre nacionalidad, condición jurídica de los extranjeros, ciudadanía, naturalización, ... (Art. 73)
Citizenship and Nationality
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishAre Venezuelans by birth:
1. Any person who was born within the territory of the Republic.
2. Any person who was born in a foreign territory, and is the child of a father and mother who are both Venezuelans by birth.
3. Any person who was born in a foreign territory, and is the child of a father or a mother, who is Venezuelan by birth, provided they have established residence within the territory of the Republic or declared their intention to obtain the Venezuelan nationality.
4. Any person who was born in a foreign territory, and is the child of a father or a mother who is Venezuelan by naturalization, provided that prior to reaching the age of 18, they establish their residence within the territory of the Republic, and before reaching the age of 25 declare their intention to obtain the Venezuelan nationality. (Art. 32) - SpanishSon venezolanos y venezolanas por nacimiento:
1. Toda persona nacida en territorio de la República.
2. Toda persona nacida en territorio extranjero, hijo o hija de padre venezolano por nacimiento y madre venezolana por nacimiento.
3. Toda persona nacida en territorio extranjero, hijo o hija de padre venezolano por nacimiento o madre venezolana por nacimiento, siempre que establezcan su residencia en el territorio de la República o declaren su voluntad de acogerse a la nacionalidad venezolana.
4. Toda persona nacida en territorio extranjero de padre venezolano por naturalización o madre venezolana por naturalización, siempre que antes de cumplir dieciocho años de edad, establezca su residencia en el territorio de la República y antes de cumplir veinticinco años de edad declare su voluntad de acogerse a la nacionalidad venezolana. (Art. 32)
Citizenship and Nationality
El Salvador
- English[The following] are Salvadorans by birth:
1) Those born in the territory of El Salvador;
2) The children of a Salvadoran father or mother, born abroad;
3) The natives [originarios] of the other States that constituted the Federal Republic of Central America, who having [a] domicile in El Salvador, manifest before the competent authorities their will to be Salvadoran, without requiring of them the renunciation of their nationality of origin. (Art. 90) - SpanishSon salvadoreños por nacimiento:
1º- Los nacidos en el territorio de El Salvador;
2º- Los hijos de padre o madre salvadoreños, nacidos en el extranjero;
3º- Los originarios de los demás Estados que constituyeron la República Federal de Centro América, que teniendo domicilio en El Salvador, manifiesten ante las autoridades competentes su voluntad de ser salvadoreños, sin que se requiera la renuncia a su nacionalidad de origen. (Art. 90)
Citizenship and Nationality
Cuba
- EnglishCuban citizenship is acquired through birth or through naturalization. (Art. 33)
- SpanishLa ciudadanía cubana se adquiere por nacimiento o por naturalización. (Art. 33)
Citizenship and Nationality
Grenada
- English(1) Every person who, having been born in Grenada is on 6th February 1974 a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall become a citizen of Grenada on 7th February 1974.
(2) Every person who, on 6th February 1974 is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies-
(a) having become such a citizen under the British Nationality Act 1948 (a) by virtue of his having been naturalised in Grenada as a British subject before that Act came into force; or
(b) having become such a citizen by virtue of his having been naturalised or registered in Grenada under that Act,
shall become a citizen of Grenada on 7th February 1974.
(3) Every person who, having been born outside Grenada, is on 6th February 1974 a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall, if his father or mother becomes, or would but for his death have become, a citizen of Grenada by virtue of subsection (1) or subsection (2) of this section, become a citizen of Grenada on 7th February 1974. (Sec. 94)
Citizenship and Nationality
Chile
- EnglishChileans are:
1. Those born in the territory of Chile, with the exception of those children of foreigners who are [encontrarse] in Chile in the service of their Government, and those children of transient foreigners, all of whom, however, may opt for the Chilean nationality;
2. The children of a Chilean father or mother, born in foreign territory. However, it will be required that one of his ancestors in a direct line of first or second degree, has acquired Chilean nationality by virtue of that established in the Numerals 1, 3 or 4;
3. The foreigners who obtain a card of nationalization in accordance with the law;
4. Those who obtained special grant [gracia] of naturalization by law.
The law will regulate the procedures for opting for Chilean nationality; of [the] granting, denial and cancellation of naturalization papers and for the creation of a register for all these acts. (Art. 10) - SpanishSon chilenos:
1º.- Los nacidos en el territorio de Chile, con excepción de los hijos de extranjeros que se encuentren en Chile en servicio de su Gobierno, y de los hijos de extranjeros transeúntes, todos los que, sin embargo, podrán optar por la nacionalidad chilena;
2º.- Los hijos de padre o madre chilenos, nacidos en territorio extranjero. Con todo, se requerirá que alguno de sus ascendientes en línea recta de primer o segundo grado, haya adquirido la nacionalidad chilena en virtud de lo establecido en los números 1º, 3º ó 4º;
3º.- Los extranjeros que obtuvieren carta de nacionalización en conformidad a la ley,
4º.- Los que obtuvieren especial gracia de nacionalización por ley. La ley reglamentará los procedimientos de opción por la nacionalidad chilena; de otorgamiento, negativa y cancelación de las cartas de nacionalización, y la formación de un registro de todos estos actos. (Art. 10)
Citizenship and Nationality
Guatemala
- EnglishThose who obtain their naturalization in accordance with the law are Guatemalans.
The naturalized Guatemalans, have the same rights as those of origin, except for the limitations established in this Constitution. (Art. 146) - SpanishSon guatemaltecos, quienes obtengan su naturalización, de conformidad con la ley.
Los guatemaltecos naturalizados, tienen los mismos derechos que los de origen, salvo las limitaciones que establece esta Constitución. (Art. 146)
Citizenship and Nationality
Jamaica
- English1. Every person born in Jamaica shall become a citizen of Jamaica-
a. on the sixth day of August, 1962, in the case of a person born before that date;
b. on the date of his birth, in the case of a person born on or after the sixth day of August, 1962.
2. A person shall be deemed to be born in Jamaica-
…
b. if at the time of his birth his mother-
i. is a citizen of Jamaica residing in a country other than Jamaica by reason of her employment in the diplomatic service of Jamaica; or
ii. whether or not a citizen of Jamaica, is residing in a country other than Jamaica by reason of her being married to a citizen of Jamaica who is residing in that country by reason of his employment in the diplomatic service of Jamaica.
… (Sec. 3B)
Citizenship and Nationality
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- English(1) Every person who, having been born in Saint Vincent, is immediately before the commencement of this Constitution a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall become a citizen at such commencement.
(2) Every person who, immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies
a. having become such a citizen under the British Nationality Act 1948 (a) by virtue of this having been naturalized in Saint Vincent as a British subject before that Act came into force; or
b. having while resident in Saint Vincent become such a citizen by virtue of his having been naturalized or registered under that Act, shall become a citizen at such commencement.
(3) Every person who, having been born outside Saint Vincent, is immediately before the commencement of this Constitution a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies shall, if his father or mother becomes, or would but for his death or the renunciation of his citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies have become, a citizen by virtue of subsection (1) or subsection (2) of this section, become a citizen at such commencement.
(4) Every woman who, having been married to a person who becomes, or but for his death or the renunciation of his citizenship of the United Kingdom and Colonies would have become, a citizen by virtue of subsection (1), (2) or (3) of this section, is a citizen of the United Kingdom and Colonies immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall become a citizen at such commencement. (Sec. 90)
Citizenship and Nationality
Saint Kitts and Nevis
- EnglishThe following persons shall become citizens on 19th September 1983:
(a) every person who, having been born in Saint Christopher and Nevis, was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen;
(b) every person who, having been born outside Saint Christopher and Nevis, was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen by virtue of registration or naturalization in Saint Christopher and Nevis or by virtue of his or her adoption in Saint Christopher and Nevis in a manner recognized by law;
(c) every other person who was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen and either of whose parents becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a), (b) or (d);
(d) every other person who was immediately before that date a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen and who is or has been married to a person who becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a), (b) or (c);
(e) every other person who, having been born, adopted in a manner recognised by law, registered or, as the case may be, naturalized in Anguilla before 19th December 1980 and having been ordinarily resident in Saint Christopher and Nevis since a date earlier than that date, was immediately before 19th September 1983 a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen;
(f) any person who was immediately before 19th September 1983 a British citizen or a British Dependent Territories citizen and one of whose grandparents becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of paragraph (a) or (b);
(g) every other person who immediately before that date by virtue of section 113(10) of the Constitution then in force belonged to Saint Christopher and Nevis for the purposes of that Constitution; and
(h) every other person who was immediately before that date under the age of eighteen years and is the child of a person who becomes, or but for death or renunciation of citizenship would have become, a citizen by virtue of any of the preceding paragraphs. (Sec. 90)