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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Zambia
- English1. Except as provided in this Article, no property of any description shall be compulsorily taken possession of, and no interest in or right over property of any description shall be compulsorily acquired, unless by or under the authority of an Act of Parliament which provides for payment of adequate compensation for the property or interest or right to be taken possession of or acquired.
2. Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of clause (1) to the extent that it is shown that such law provides for the taking possession or acquisition of any property or interest therein or right thereover—
…
y. for the purpose of the administration or disposition of such property or interest or right by the President in implementation of a comprehensive land policy or of a policy designed to ensure that the statute law, the Common Law and the doctrines of equity relating to or affecting the interest in or rights over land, or any other interests or right enjoyed by Chiefs and persons claiming through and under them, shall apply with substantial uniformity throughout Zambia;
z. in terms of any law providing for the conversion of titles to land from freehold to leasehold and the imposition of any restriction on subdivision, assignment or sub-letting;
… (Art. 16)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Armenia
- English1. Everyone shall have the right to own, use, and dispose at his discretion the lawfully-acquired property.
2. The right of inheritance shall be guaranteed.
... (Art. 60) - Armenian1. Յուրաքանչյուր ոք ունի օրինական հիմքով ձեռք բերած սեփականությունն իր հայեցողությամբ տիրապետելու, օգտագործելու և տնօրինելու իրավունք:
2. Ժառանգելու իրավունքը երաշխավորվում է:
... (Հոդված 60)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Philippines
- EnglishSave in cases of hereditary succession, no private lands shall be transferred or conveyed except to individuals, corporations, or associations qualified to acquire or hold lands of the public domain. (Art. XII, Sec. 7)
- FilipinoHindi dapat malipat o masalin ang ano mang pribadong lupain maliban sa pagmamana, at sa mga tao, mga korporasyon o mga asosasyon na may karapatang magtamo o maghawak ng mga lupaing ari ng bayan. (Art. XII, Seksyon 7)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Vanuatu
- EnglishOnly indigenous citizens of the Republic of Vanuatu who have acquired their land in accordance with a recognised system of land tenure shall have perpetual ownership of their land. (Art. 75)
- FrenchSeuls les citoyens indigènes de la République ayant acquis leur terre selon un système reconnu de tenure foncière jouissent des droits de propriété perpétuelle sur celle-ci. (Art. 75)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Argentina
- EnglishAll the inhabitants of the Nation are entitled to the following rights, in accordance with the laws that regulate their exercise, namely: … to make use and dispose of their property; … (Sec. 14)
- SpanishTodos los habitantes de la Nación gozan de los siguientes derechos conforme a las leyes que reglamenten su ejercicio; a saber: … de usar y disponer de su propiedad; … (Art. 14)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
China
- EnglishCitizens' lawful private property is inviolable.
The State, in accordance with law, protects the rights of citizens to private property and to its inheritance.
… (Art. 13) - Chinese公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。
国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产权和继承权。
… (第十三条)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Tajikistan
- EnglishEveryone shall have the right to ownership and inheritance. … (Art. 32)
- RussianКаждый имеет право на собственность и право наследования. ... (Статья 32)
- TajikҲар кас ҳақ дорад соҳиби моликият ва мерос бошад. ... (Моддаи 32)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Botswana
- EnglishWhereas every person in Botswana is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his or her race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest to each and all of the following, namely-
...
(c) protection for the privacy of his or her home and other property and from deprivation of property without compensation,
... (Sec. 3)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The lands that are taken over shall be given to rural native indigenous peoples, intercultural indigenous communities, Afro-Bolivian and rural communities, which do not possess them or have insufficient lands, in accordance with state policy concerned with the ecological and geographic realities, as well as the population, social, cultural and economic necessities. The endowment shall be carried out according to the policies of sustainable rural development and the right of women to access, distribution and redistribution of land, without discrimination based on civil status or marital union.
… (Art. 395) - SpanishI. Las tierras fiscales serán dotadas a indígena originario campesinos, comunidades interculturales originarias, afrobolivianos y comunidades campesinas que no las posean o las posean insuficientemente, de acuerdo con una política estatal que atienda a las realidades ecológicas y geográficas, así como a las necesidades poblacionales, sociales, culturales y económicas. La dotación se realizará de acuerdo con las políticas de desarrollo rural sustentable y la titularidad de las mujeres al acceso, distribución y redistribución de la tierra, sin discriminación por estado civil o unión conyugal.
… (Art. 395)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Viet Nam
- English1. Everyone has the right to ownership of his or her lawful income, savings, housing, chattels, means of production and capital contributions to enterprises or other economic entities.
2. The right to private ownership and the right to inheritance shall be protected by law.
… (Art. 32) - Vietnamese1. Mọi người có quyền sở hữu về thu nhập hợp pháp, của cải để dành, nhà ở, tư liệu sinh hoạt, tư liệu sản xuất, phần vốn góp trong doanh nghiệp hoặc trong các tổ chức kinh tế khác.
2. Quyền sở hữu tư nhân và quyền thừa kế được pháp luật bảo hộ.
… (Điều 32)