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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. In situations of particular danger, if ordinary constitutional measures are inadequate, any of the following appropriate extraordinary measures may be introduced: martial law, a state of emergency or a state of natural disaster.
2. Extraordinary measures may be introduced only by regulation, issued upon the basis of statute, and which shall additionally require to be publicized.
3. The principles for activity by organs of public authority as well as the degree to which the freedoms and rights of persons and citizens may be subject to limitation for the duration of a period requiring any extraordinary measures shall be established by statute.
4. A statute may specify the principles, scope and manner of compensating for loss of property resulting from limitation of the freedoms and rights of persons and citizens during a period requiring introduction of extraordinary measures.
5. Actions undertaken as a result of the introduction of any extraordinary measure shall be proportionate to the degree of threat and shall be intended to achieve the swiftest restoration of conditions allowing for the normal functioning of the State.
6. During a period of introduction of extraordinary measures, the following shall not be subject to change: the Constitution, the Acts on Elections to the Sejm, the Senate and organs of local self-governments, the Act on Elections to the Presidency, as well as statutes on extraordinary measures.
7. During a period of introduction of extraordinary measures, as well as within the period of 90 days following its termination, the term of office of the Sejm may not be shortened, nor may a nationwide referendum, nor elections to the Sejm, Senate, organs of local self-government nor elections for the Presidency be held, and the term of office of such organs shall be appropriately prolonged. Elections to organs of local self-government shall be possible only in those places where the extraordinary measures have not been introduced. (Art. 228) - Polish1. W sytuacjach szczególnych zagrożeń, jeżeli zwykłe środki konstytucyjne są niewystarczające, może zostać wprowadzony odpowiedni stan nadzwyczajny: stan wojenny, stan wyjątkowy lub stan klęski żywiołowej.
2. Stan nadzwyczajny może być wprowadzony tylko na podstawie ustawy, w drodze rozporządzenia, które podlega dodatkowemu podaniu do publicznej wiadomości.
3. Zasady działania organów władzy publicznej oraz zakres, w jakim mogą zostać ograniczone wolności i prawa człowieka i obywatela w czasie poszczególnych stanów nadzwyczajnych, określa ustawa.
4. Ustawa może określić podstawy, zakres i tryb wyrównywania strat majątkowych wynikających z ograniczenia w czasie stanu nadzwyczajnego wolności i praw człowieka i obywatela.
5. Działania podjęte w wyniku wprowadzenia stanu nadzwyczajnego muszą odpowiadać stopniowi zagrożenia i powinny zmierzać do jak najszybszego przywrócenia normalnego funkcjonowania państwa.
6. W czasie stanu nadzwyczajnego nie mogą być zmienione: Konstytucja, ordynacje wyborcze do Sejmu, Senatu i organów samorządu terytorialnego, ustawa o wyborze Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej oraz ustawy o stanach nadzwyczajnych.
7. W czasie stanu nadzwyczajnego oraz w ciągu 90 dni po jego zakończeniu nie może być skrócona kadencja Sejmu, przeprowadzane referendum ogólnokrajowe, nie mogą być przeprowadzane wybory do Sejmu, Senatu, organów samorządu terytorialnego oraz wybory Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej, a kadencje tych organów ulegają odpowiedniemu przedłużeniu. Wybory do organów samorządu terytorialnego są możliwe tylko tam, gdzie nie został wprowadzony stan nadzwyczajny. (Art. 228)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
…
2. … A referendum shall not be held in order to adopt or repeal a law, to grant amnesty or pardon, to ratify or denounce international treaties, or to decide issues that envisage the restriction of fundamental constitutional human rights.
… (Art. 52) - Georgian
…
2. … არ შეიძლება რეფერენდუმის ჩატარება კანონის მისაღებად ან გასაუქმებლად, ამნისტიის ან შეწყალების გამო, საერთაშორისო ხელშეკრულების რატიფიცირების ან დენონსირების შესახებ, აგრეთვე ისეთ საკითხზე, რომელიც ითვალისწინებს ადამიანის ძირითადი კონსტიტუციური უფლების შეზღუდვას.
… (მუხლი 52)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
§2°. The rights and guarantees established in this Constitution do not exclude others derived from the regime and principles adopted by it, or from international treaties to which the Federative Republic of Brazil is a party.
… (Art. 5) - Portuguese…
§ 2º - Os direitos e garantias expressos nesta Constituição não excluem outros decorrentes do regime e dos princípios por ela adotados, ou dos tratados internacionais em que a República Federativa do Brasil seja parte.
… (Art. 5)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishUpon proclamation of the state of emergency or war, derogations from human and minority rights guaranteed by the Constitution shall be permitted only to the extent deemed necessary.
Measures providing for derogation shall not bring about differences based on race, sex, language, religion, national affiliation or social origin.
Measures providing for derogation from human and minority rights shall cease to be effective upon ending of the state of emergency or war.
Measures providing for derogation shall by no means be permitted in terms of the rights guaranteed pursuant to Articles 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 34, 37, 38, 43, 45, 47, 49, 62, 63, 64 and 78 of the Constitution. (Art. 202) - Serbian CyrillicПо проглашењу ванредног или ратног стања, дозвољена су одступања од људских и мањинских права зајемчених Уставом, и то само у обиму у којем је то неопходно.
Мере одступања не смеју да доведу до разликовања на основу расе, пола, језика, вероисповести, националне припадности или друштвеног порекла.
Мере одступања од људских и мањинских права престају да важе престанком ванредног или ратног стања.
Мере одступања ни у ком случају нису дозвољене у погледу права зајемчених чл. 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 32, 34, 37, 38, 43, 45, 47, 49, 62 , 63, 64. и 78. Устава. (Члан 202)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
5. The exercise of a citizen's human rights and freedoms must not violate the rights and freedoms of other people nor infringe on the constitutional system and public morals. (Art. 12) - Kazak…
5. Адамның және азаматтың өз құқықтары мен бостандықтарын жүзеге асыруы басқа адамдардың құқықтары мен бостандықтарын бұзбауға, конституциялық құрылыс пен қоғамдық имандылыққа нұқсан келтiрмеуге тиiс. (12-бап)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishIn addition to the other attributions that this Constitution confers on it, it corresponds exclusively to the Legislative Assembly:
…
7. To suspend by a vote of no less than the two-thirds of the totality of its members, in the case of evident public necesity, the individual rights and guarantees written in Articles 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 30 and 37 of this Constitution. This suspension may be of all or of some rights and guarantees, for the totality or part of the territory, and [for] up to thirty days; during this, and with regard to persons, the Executive Power may only order their detention in establishments not allocated to common inmates, or decree their confinement to inhabited places. It must also give account to the Assembly at its next meeting on the measures taken to safeguard the public order or to maintain the security of the State.
In no case may individual rights and guarantees not written in this paragraph be suspended;
… (Art. 121) - SpanishAdemás de las otras atribuciones que le confiere esta Constitución, corresponde exclusivamente a la Asamblea Legislativa:
…
7) Suspender por votación no menor de los dos tercios de la totalidad de sus miembros, en caso de evidente necesidad pública, los derechos y garantías individuales consignados en los artículos 22, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 30 y 37 de esta Constitución. Esta suspensión podrá ser de todos o de algunos derechos y garantías, para la totalidad o parte del territorio, y hasta treinta días; durante ella y respecto de las personas, el Poder Ejecutivo sólo podrá ordenar su detención en establecimientos no destinados a reos comunes o decretar su confinamiento en lugares habitados.
Deberá también dar cuenta a la Asamblea en su próxima reunión de las medidas tomadas para salvar el orden público o mantener la seguridad del Estado. En ningún caso podrán suspenderse derechos o garantías individuales no consignados en este inciso;
… (Art. 121)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishA person’s reliance on a Convention right does not restrict—
(a) any other right or freedom conferred on him by or under any law having effect in any part of the United Kingdom; or
(b) his right to make any claim or bring any proceedings which he could make or bring apart from sections 7 to 9. (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 11)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(a) Measures adopted in an emergency shall not contravene this Article.
(b) Measures adopted in an emergency shall not restrict the following rights and freedoms contained in the following Articles of this Constitution:
1. Article 21 (right to life);
2. Article 25 (no slavery or forced labour);
3. Article 27 (freedom of expression);
4. Article 28 (freedom of the media);
5. Article 42 (fair and transparent hearings);
6. Article 48 (b) (rights on arrest or detention);
7. Article 51 (rights of the accused);
8. Article 52 (confessions and illegal evidence);
9. Article 53 (assistance of legal counsel);
10. Article 54 (no degrading treatment or torture);
11. Article 55 (no imprisonment for non-fulfilment of contractual obligation);
12. Article 57 (humane treatment of arrested or detained persons);
13. Article 59 (retrospective legislation);
14. Article 60 (prohibition of double jeopardy);
15. Article 62 (retention of other rights);
16. Article 64 (non-compliance with unlawful orders).
(c) Any infringement of rights and freedoms under this Constitution and the law shall be only to the extent strictly required by the emergency.
(d) Measures adopted in an emergency shall be consistent with the obligations of the Maldives under international law applicable to states of emergency. (Art. 255) - Dhivehi(ހ) ކުއްލި ނުރައްކަލުގެ ޙާލަތުގައި ފިޔަވަޅުތައް އަޅާންވާނީ މި މާއްދާއާ ޙިލާފުނުވާ ގޮތުގެމަތީންނެވެ.
(ށ) ކުއްލި ނުރައްކަލުގެ ޚާއްލަތެއްގައިވެސް މި ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ އަންނަނިވި މާއްދާތަކުގައިވާ ޙައްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންކަން ހިފަހައްޓައިގެނެއް ނުވާނެއެވެ.
1. 21 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ދިރިހުރުމުގެ ޙައްޤު)
2. 25 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (އަޅުވެތިނުކުރުމާއި ގަދަކަމުން މަސައްކަތް ނުކުރުވުން)
3. 27 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ހިޔާލުފާޅުކުރުމުގެ މިނިވަންކަން)
4. 28ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ނޫސްވެރިކަމުގެ މިނިވަންކަން)
5. 42ވަނަ މާއްދާ (އަދުލުވެރިކަމާއި ހާމަކަމާއެކު ޝަރީއަތްކުރުން)
6. 48ވަނަ މާއްދާގެ (ށ) (ހައްޔަރުކުރެވޭ މީހުންނާއި ބަންދު ކުރެވޭ މީހުންގެ ޙައްޤުތައް)
7. 51ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ކުށެއް ކުރިކަމުގެ ދަޢުވާ އުފުލިފައިވާ މީހުންގެ ޙައްޤުތައް)
8. 52ވަނަ މާއްދާ (އިޢުތިރާފާއި، ޤާނޫނާ ހިލާފަށް ހޯދާ ހެކި)
9. 53 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ޤާނޫނީ ވަކީލެއްގެ އެހީތެރިކަން)
10. 54ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ލާއިންސާނީ އަދަބު ނުދިނުން)
11. 55 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (މަދަނީ މައްސަލަތަކުގައި ބަންދު ނުކުރުން)
12. 57 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ބަންދުކުރެވިފައިވާ މީހުންނާ އިޙްތިރާމާއެކު މުޢާމަލާތުކުރުން)
13. 59ވަނަ މާއްދާ (ޤާނޫނުގައި ކުށެއްކަމަށް ކަނޑައެޅިފައިނުވާ ކަމަކަށް ފަހުން ހަދާ ޤާނޫނަކުން އަދަބު ނުދިނުން)
14. ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 60 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (އެއް ކުށަކަށް ދެފަހަރަށް އަދަބު ނުދިނުން)
15. ޤާ 62 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (އެހެނިހެން ޙައްޤުތައް ލިބިދިނުން)
16. ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 64 ވަނަ މާއްދާ (އައިރު ޤަނޫނީ އަމުރުތަކަށް ތަބާނުވުމުގެ ޙައްޤު)
(ނ) މި ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީ އާއި ޤާނޫނުތަކުން ލިބިދޭ ޙާއްޤުތަކާއި މިނިވަންމަކުގެ ތެރެއިން އެއްވެސް ހައްޤެއް ނުވަތަ މިނިވަންމަކެއް ހިފަހައްޓާނަމަ އެކަންކުރާންވާނީ ކުއްލި ނުރައްކަލުގެ ހާލަތުގައު ކޮންމެހެން ހިފަހައްޓާންޖެހިއްޖެ ހައްޤެއް، ނުވަތަ މިނިވަންކަމެއް ކޮންމެހެން ހިފަހައްޓާން ޖެހިއްޖެ މިންވަތަކަށެވެ.
(ރ) ކުއްލި ނުރައްކަލުގެ ހާލަތުގައި އަޅާ ފިޔަވަޅުތައް ވާންވާނީ، ދިވެހިރާއްޖެއިން ޢަމަލުކުރުން ލާޒިމްކުރާ ބައިނަލްއަޤްވާމީ ޤާނޫނުތަކުގައިވާ ގޮތުގެ މަތީން، ކުއްލިނުރައްކަލުގެ ޙާލަތްތަކުގައި ޢަމަލުކުރާންޖެހޭ އުސޫލްތަކާ އެއްގޮތްވާ ގޮތުގެމަތީން އަޅާ ފިޔަވަޅުތަކަކަށެވެ. (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 255 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe National Assembly and all bodies with legal and regulatory authority shall be obligated to adjust, formally and materially, the laws and other legal standards related to the rights provided for in the Constitution and international treaties and those that are needed to guarantee the dignity of human beings or communities, peoples and nations. In no case shall amending the Constitution, laws, other legal and regulatory frameworks or actions by the government endanger the rights recognized by the Constitution. (Art. 84)
- SpanishLa Asamblea Nacional y todo órgano con potestad normativa tendrá la obligación de adecuar, formal y materialmente, las leyes y demás normas jurídicas a los derechos previstos en la Constitución y los tratados internacionales, y los que sean necesarios para garantizar la dignidad del ser humano o de las comunidades, pueblos y nacionalidades. En ningún caso, la reforma de la Constitución, las leyes, otras normas jurídicas ni los actos del poder público atentarán contra los derechos que reconoce la Constitución. (Art. 84)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishAn existing right or freedom shall not be held to be abrogated or restricted by reason only that the right or freedom is not included in this Bill of Rights or is included only in part. (Bill of Rights Act 1990, Sec. 28)