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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English
1. Freedom, property, and the rights recognized by the Constitution and by law may not be infringed without due process.
2. Everyone, for the protection of his/her constitutional and legal rights, freedoms, and interests, or in the case of an accusation raised against him/her, has the right to a fair and public trial within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial court established by law. (Art. 42) - Albanian
1. Liria, prona dhe të drejtat e njohura me Kushtetutë dhe me ligj nuk mund të cenohen pa një proces të rregullt ligjor.
2. Kushdo, për mbrojtjen e të drejtave, të lirive dhe të interesave të tij kushtetues dhe ligjorë, ose në rastin e akuzave të ngritura kundër tij, ka të drejtën e një gjykimi të drejtë dhe publik brenda një afati të arsyeshëm nga një gjykatë e pavarur dhe e paanshme e caktuar me ligj. (Neni 42)
Judicial Protection
- English1. All Federal and State legislative, executive and judicial organs at all levels shall have the responsibility and duty to respect and enforce the provisions of this Chapter4.
2. The fundamental rights and freedoms specified in this Chapter shall be interpreted in a manner conforming to the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants on Human Rights and international instruments adopted by Ethiopia. (Art. 13) - Amharic1. በማንኛውም ደረጃ የሚገኙ የፌዴራል መንግሥትና የክልል ሕግ አውጪ፣ ሕግ አስፈጻሚ እና የዳኝነት አካሎች በዚህ ምዕራፍ የተካተቱን ድንጋጌዎች የማክበርና የማስከበር ኃላፊነትና ግዴታ አለባቸው፡፡
2. በዚህ ምዕራፍ የተዘረዘሩት መሠረታዊ የመብቶችና የነጻነቶች ድንጋጌዎች ኢትዮጵያ ከተቀበለቻቸው ዓለም አቀፍ የሰብዓዊ መብቶች ሕግጋት፣ ዓለም አቀፍ የሰብዓዊ ስምምነቶችና ዓለም አቀፍ ሰነዶች መርሆዎች ጋር በተጣጣመ መንገድ ይተረጐማል፡፡ (አንቀጽ 13)
Judicial Protection
- English[The recourse of] amparo is instituted for the purpose of protecting persons against the threats of violations of their rights or to restore the rule of the same when the violation has occurred. There is no area which is not subject to [the recourse of] amparo, and it will always proceed whenever the acts, resolutions, provisions, or laws of [an] authority should imply a threat, restraint, or violation of the rights which the Constitution and the laws guarantee. (Art. 265)
- SpanishSe instituye el amparo con el fin de proteger a las personas contra las amenazas de violaciones a sus derechos o para restaurar el imperio de los mismos cuando la violación hubiere ocurrido. No hay ámbito que no sea susceptible de amparo, y procederá siempre que los actos, resoluciones, disposiciones o leyes de autoridad lleven implícitos una amenaza, restricción o violación a los derechos que la Constitución y las leyes garantizan. (Art. 265)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) The Constitutional Court has jurisdiction:
…
d) over constitutional complaints against final decisions or other encroachments by public authorities infringing constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights and basic freedoms;
… (1993 Constitution, Art. 87) - Czech(1) Ústavní soud rozhoduje
…
d) o ústavní stížnosti proti pravomocnému rozhodnutí a jinému zásahu orgánů veřejné moci do ústavně zaručených základních práv a svobod,
… (Ústava 1993, Čl. 87)
Judicial Protection
- English…
(3) Subject to clause (5), the High Court shall have—
…
(b) jurisdiction to determine the question whether a right or fundamental freedom in the Bill of Rights has been denied, violated, infringed or threatened;
… (Art. 165) - Swahili…
(3) Kwa kuzingatia ibara ya (5), Mahakama Kuu itakuwa na—
…
(b) mamlaka ya kuamua shauri iwapo haki au uhuru wa msingi katika Sheria ya Haki za Binadamu haikutolewa, imekiukwa, imevunjwa au imetishiwa;
… (Kifungu cha 165)
Judicial Protection
- English
The persons whose constitutional rights have been violated or are in danger of being so, may interpose the recourse of personal exhibition [exhibicidn personal habeas corpus], of amparo, or of habeas data, according to the case and in accordance with the Law of Constitutional Justice. (Art. 45)
- Spanish
Las personas cuyos derechos constitucionales hayan sido violados o estén en peligro de serlo, pueden interponer el recurso de exhibición personal, de amparo, o de hábeas data, según el caso y de acuerdo con la Ley de Justicia Constitucional. (Art. 45)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Constitution shall be an integral and directly applicable act.
Everyone may defend his rights by invoking the Constitution. (Art. 6) - LithuanianKonstitucija yra vientisas ir tiesiogiai taikomas aktas.
Kiekvienas savo teises gali ginti remdamasis Konstitucija. (6 straipsnis)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEvery citizen shall have the right of recourse to the courts against acts that violate their rights and interests recognised by the Constitution and the laws. (Art. 70)
- PortugueseO cidadão tem o direito de recorrer aos tribunais contra os actos que violem os seus direitos e interesses reconhecidos pela Constituição e pela lei. (Art. 70)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) If any person allege that any of the provisions of sections 2 to 15 inclusive of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him (or, in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person), then, without prejudice to any other actin with respect to the same matter that is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction-
a. to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section, and
b. to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, and may make such declarations and orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of sections 2 to 15 (inclusive) of this Constitution:
Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
(3) If in any proceeding in any court (other than the Court of Appeal or the High Court or a court-martial) any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of sections 2 to 15 (inclusive) of this Constitution, the person presiding in that court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so request, refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinion, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, the High Court shall gibe its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or, if that decision is the subject of an appeal to the Court of Appeal or to Her Majesty in Council, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal or, as the case may be, of Her Majesty in Council.
(5) The High Court shall have such powers in addition to those conferred by this section as may be conferred upon it by Parliament for the purpose of enabling or more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this section.
(6) The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and power conferred on it by or under this section (including rules with respect to the time within which applications may be brought and references shall be made to the High Court). (Sec. 16)
Judicial Protection
- English1. Everyone is guaranteed access to the law and the courts in order to defend those of his rights and interests that are protected by law, and justice may not be denied to anyone due to lack of sufficient financial means.
…
5. For the purpose of defending the personal rights, freedoms and guarantees and in such a way as to secure effective and timely judicial protection against threats thereto or breaches thereof, the law shall ensure citizens judicial proceedings that are characterised by their swiftness and by the attachment of priority to them. (Art. 20) - Portuguese1. A todos é assegurado o acesso ao direito e aos tribunais para defesa dos seus direitos e interesses legalmente protegidos, não podendo a justiça ser denegada por insuficiência de meios económicos.
…
5. Para defesa dos direitos, liberdades e garantias pessoais, a lei assegura aos cidadãos procedimentos judiciais caracterizados pela celeridade e prioridade, de modo a obter tutela efectiva e em tempo útil contra ameaças ou violações desses direitos. (Art. 20)