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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Protection from Violence
Switzerland
- English1 If a sex offender or violent offender is regarded in the reports required for sentencing as being extremely dangerous and his or her condition assessed as untreatable, he or she must be incarcerated until the end of his or her life due to the high risk of reoffending. Early release and release on temporary licence are not permitted.
2 Only if new scientific findings prove that the offender can be cured and thus no longer represents a danger to the public can new reports be drawn up. If the offender is released on the basis of these new reports, the authorities granting his or her release must accept liability if he reoffends.
3 All reports assessing sex offenders or violent offenders must be drawn up by at least two experienced specialists who are independent of each other. The reports must take account of all the principles that are important for the assessment. (Art. 123a) - French1 Si un délinquant sexuel ou violent est qualifié d’extrêmement dangereux et non amendable dans les expertises nécessaires au jugement, il est interné à vie en raison du risque élevé de récidive. Toute mise en liberté anticipée et tout congé sont exclus.
2 De nouvelles expertises ne sont effectuées que si de nouvelles connaissances scientifiques permettent d’établir que le délinquant peut être amendé et qu’il ne représente dès lors plus de danger pour la collectivité. L’autorité qui prononce la levée de l’internement au vu de ces expertises est responsable en cas de récidive.
3 Toute expertise concernant le délinquant est établie par au moins deux experts indépendants qui prennent en considération tous les éléments pertinents. (Art. 123a) - German1 Wird ein Sexual- oder Gewaltstraftäter in den Gutachten, die für das Gerichtsurteil nötig sind, als extrem gefährlich erachtet und nicht therapierbar eingestuft, ist er wegen des hohen Rückfallrisikos bis an sein Lebensende zu verwahren. Frühzeitige Entlassung und Hafturlaub sind ausgeschlossen.
2 Nur wenn durch neue, wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse erwiesen wird, dass der Täter geheilt werden kann und somit keine Gefahr mehr für die Öffentlichkeit darstellt, können neue Gutachten erstellt werden. Sollte auf Grund dieser neuen Gutachten die Verwahrung aufgehoben werden, so muss die Haftung für einen Rückfall des Täters von der Behörde übernommen werden, die die Verwahrung aufgehoben hat.
3 Alle Gutachten zur Beurteilung der Sexual- und Gewaltstraftäter sind von mindestens zwei voneinander unabhängigen, erfahrenen Fachleuten unter Berücksichtigung aller für die Beurteilung wichtigen Grundlagen zu erstellen. (Art. 123a) - Italian1 Considerato il forte rischio di ricaduta, il criminale sessuomane o violento che nelle perizie necessarie alla formulazione della sentenza è stato definito estremamente pericoloso e classificato come refrattario alla terapia deve essere internato a vita. Liberazioni anticipate e permessi di libera uscita sono esclusi.
2 È possibile redigere nuove perizie solo qualora nuove conoscenze scientifiche permettano di dimostrare che il criminale può essere curato e dunque non rappresenta più alcun pericolo per la collettività. Se sulla base di queste nuove perizie è posta fine all’internamento, la responsabilità per una ricaduta è assunta dall’autorità che ha posto fine all’internamento.
3 Tutte le perizie necessarie al giudizio del criminale sessuomane o violento devono essere redatte da almeno due periti esperti reciprocamente indipendenti e tenendo conto di tutti gli elementi importanti per il giudizio. (Art. 123a)
Protection from Violence
Dominican Republic
- EnglishAll people have the right to have their physical, psychic, moral integrity and the right to live without violence respected. They shall have the protection of the state in cases of threat, risk, or violation of the same. Consequently:
1. No one may be submitted to punishments, tortures, or degrading proceedings that imply the loss or decrease of his health or of his physical or psychic integrity;
2. Familial and gender based violence in any of its forms is condemned. The State shall guarantee through the law the adoption of necessary methods to prevent, sanction, and eradicate violence against women;
3. No one may be submitted, without prior consent to experiments or proceedings that do not conform to internationally recognized scientific and bioethical norms, nor to examinations of medical proceedings, except when his life is in danger. (Art. 42) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a que se respete su integridad física, psíquica, moral y a vivir sin violencia. Tendrá la protección del Estado en casos de amenaza, riesgo o violación de las mismas. En consecuencia:
1) Ninguna persona puede ser sometida a penas, torturas o procedimientos vejatorios que impliquen la pérdida o disminución de su salud, o de su integridad física o psíquica;
2) Se condena la violencia intrafamiliar y de género en cualquiera de sus formas. El Estado garantizará mediante ley la adopción de medidas necesarias para prevenir, sancionar y erradicar la violencia contra la mujer;
3) Nadie puede ser sometido, sin consentimiento previo, a experimentos y procedimientos que no se ajusten a las normas científicas y bioéticas internacionalmente reconocidas. Tampoco a exámenes o procedimientos médicos, excepto cuando se encuentre en peligro su vida. (Art. 42)
Protection from Violence
Vanuatu
- English1. The Republic of Vanuatu recognises, that, subject to any restrictions imposed by law on non-citizens, all persons are entitled to the following fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual without discrimination on the grounds of race, place of origin, religious or traditional beliefs, political opinions, language or sex but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and to the legitimate public interest in defence, safety, public order, welfare and health –
...
c. security of the person;
…
e. freedom from inhuman treatment and forced labour;
... (Art. 5) - French1) Sous réserve des restrictions que la Loi peut imposer aux non-citoyens et aux détenteurs de la double nationalité qui ne sont pas indigènes ou citoyens naturalisés et dans le respect des droits et libertés d'autrui et de l'intérêt public légitime en matière de défense, de sécurité, d'ordre public, de prospérité et de santé, la République de Vanuatu reconnaît que toute personne, sans distinction de race, lieu d'origine, croyances religieuses ou traditionnelles, opinions politiques, langue ou sexe jouit des droits fondamentaux et les libertés individuelles suivants:
...
c) la sécurité de la personne;
...
e) la protection contre les traitements inhumains et les travaux forcés;
... (Art. 5)
Protection from Violence
Mauritius
- English1. No person shall be subjected to torture or to inhuman or degrading punishment or other such treatment.
… (Sec. 7)
Protection from Violence
Viet Nam
- English1. Everyone has the right to inviolability of his or her body and to the protection by law of his or her health, honor and dignity; no one shall be subjected to torture, violence, coercion, corporal punishment or any form of treatment harming his or her body and health or offending his or her honor and dignity.
…
3. Everyone has the right to donate his or her tissues, organs or body in accordance with law. Medical, pharmaceutical and scientific experiments, or any other form of experiments, on the human body must be consented to by the human subject. (Art. 20) - Vietnamese1. Mọi người có quyền bất khả xâm phạm về thân thể, được pháp luat bảo hộ về sức khoẻ, danh dự và nhân phẩm; không bị tra tấn, bạo lực, truy bức, nhục hình hay bất kỳ hình thức đối xử nào khác xâm phạm thân thể, sức khỏe, xúc phạm danh dự, nhân phẩm.
…
3. Mọi người có quyền hiến mô, bộ phận cơ thể người và hiến xác theo quy định của luật. Việc thử nghiệm y học, dược học, khoa học hay bất kỳ hình thức thử nghiệm nào khác trên cơ thể người phải có sự đồng ý của người được thử nghiệm. (Điều 20)
Protection from Violence
Fiji
- English…
(2) Freedom of speech, expression, thought, opinion and publication does not protect—
(a) propaganda for war;
(b) incitement to violence or insurrection against this Constitution; or
(c) advocacy of hatred that—
(i) is based on any prohibited ground of discrimination listed or prescribed under section 26; and
(ii) constitutes incitement to cause harm.
… (Sec. 17) - iTaukei…
(2) Galala ni vosa doudou, kena matanataki, vakasama, nanuma kei na itukutuku tabaki e sega ni wili kina—
(a) na kena vakau na itukutuku me baleta na ivalu;
(b) na kena bukani na vakacaca se na sasaga me saqata na Yavunivakavulewa qo; se
(c) na kena navuci na veicati ka—
(i) yavutaki ena dua na yavu tabu ni veivakaduiduitaki e volai e na tikina 26; ka
(ii) okati kina na kena bukani na vakacaca.
… (Sec. 17)
Protection from Violence
El Salvador
- EnglishEvery person is free in the Republic.
No one that enters its territory will be slave and all of [those] that traffic with slaves may not be citizens. No one may be subject to servitude or to any other condition that undermines their dignity. (Art. 4) - SpanishToda persona es libre en la República.
No será esclavo el que entre en su territorio ni ciudadano el que trafique con esclavos. Nadie puede ser sometido a servidumbre ni a ninguna otra condición que menoscabe su dignidad. (Art. 4)
Protection from Violence
Benin
- English
Every individual has the right to life, to liberty, to the security and to the integrity of their person.
... (Art. 15) - French
Tout individu a droit à la vie, à la liberté, à la sécurité et à l'intégrité de sa personne.
... (Art. 15)
Protection from Violence
Niger
- English…
The State takes, among others, measures to combat the violence done to women and children in public and private life.
... (Art. 22) - French…
L'Etat prend, en outre, les mesures de lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes et aux enfants dans la vie publique et privée.
… (Art. 22)
Protection from Violence
Belgium
- EnglishEach child is entitled to have his or her moral, physical, mental and sexual integrity respected.
… (Art. 22bis) - DutchElk kind heeft recht op eerbiediging van zijn morele, lichamelijke, geestelijke en seksuele integriteit.
... (Art. 22bis) - FrenchChaque enfant a droit au respect de son intégrité morale, physique, psychique et sexuelle.
… (Art. 22bis) - GermanJedes Kind hat ein Recht auf Achtung vor seiner moralischen, körperlichen, geistigen und sexuellen Unversehrtheit.
… (Art. 22bis)