SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Political Rights and Association
Somalia
- EnglishEvery person has the right to associate with other individuals and groups. This includes the right to form and belong to organizations, including trade unions and political parties. It also includes the right not to associate with others, and a person cannot be forced to associate with any other individual or group. (Art. 16)
- SomaliQof kastaa wuxuu xaq u leeyahay in uu ku biiro qof kale ama koox. Xaqaas waxaa ka mid ah inuu abaabulo ama ka mid noqdo ururro ay ka mid yihiin ururro shaqaale ama xisbiyo siyaasadeed. Wuxuu kaloo xor u yahay in uusan cidna ku biirin, lagumana qasbi karo inuu cid kale ku biiro. (Qodobka 16aad.)
Political Rights and Association
United Arab Emirates
- EnglishFreedom of assembly and establishing associations is guaranteed as provided in law. (Art. 33)
- Arabicﺣﺮﻳﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤ ﺎﻉ، وﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻌ ﻴﺎﺕ، ﻣﻜﻔﻮﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺪوﺩ اﻟﻘﺎ ﻧﻮﻥ. (المادّة 33)
Political Rights and Association
Spain
- English(1) Citizens have the right to participate in public affairs, directly or through representatives freely elected in periodic elections by universal suffrage.
(2) They also have the right to accede under conditions of equality to public functions and positions, in accordance with the requirements laid down by the law. (Sec. 23) - Spanish1. Los ciudadanos tienen el derecho a participar en los asuntos públicos, directamente o por medio de representantes, libremente elegidos en elecciones periódicas por sufragio universal.
2. Asimismo, tienen derecho a acceder en condiciones de igualdad a las funciones y cargos públicos, con los requisitos que señalen las leyes. (Art. 23)
Political Rights and Association
Paraguay
- EnglishAll persons are free to associate or unionize themselves with licit ends[;] also no one is obligated to belong to a specific [determinado] association.
… (Art. 42) - SpanishToda persona es libre de asociarse o agremiarse con fines lícitos, así como nadie está obligado a pertenecer a determinada asociación.
… (Art. 42)
Political Rights and Association
Congo
- EnglishSuffrage is universal, direct or indirect, free, equal and secret.
All Congolese being already eighteen (18) years of age and enjoying their civil and political rights are electors within the conditions established by the law. (Art. 6) - FrenchLe suffrage est universel, direct ou indirect, libre, égal et secret.
Sont électeurs dans les conditions fixées par la loi, tous les congolais âgés de dix-huit (18) ans révolus et jouissant de leurs droits civils et politiques. (Art. 6)
Political Rights and Association
Tunisia
- EnglishThe rights to election, voting, and candidacy are guaranteed, in accordance with the law. The state seeks to guarantee women’s representation in elected bodies. (Art. 34)
- Arabicحقوق الانتخاب والاقتراع والترشح مضمونة طبق ما يضبطه القانون. تعمل الدولة على ضمان تمثيليّة المرأة في المجالس المنتخبة. (الفصل 34)
- FrenchLes droits d’élire, de voter et de se porter candidat sont garantis conformément à ce qui est prévu par la loi.
L’État veille à garantir la représentativité de la femme dans les assemblées élues. (Art. 34)
Political Rights and Association
Albania
- English
...
3. Governance is based on a system of elections that are free, equal, general and periodic. (Art. 1) - Albanian
...
3. Qeverisja bazohet në një sistem zgjedhjesh të lira, të barabarta, të përgjithshme e periodike. (Neni 1)
Political Rights and Association
Australia
- EnglishNo adult person who has or acquires a right to vote at elections for the more numerous House of the Parliament of a State shall, while the right continues, be prevented by any law of the Commonwealth from voting at elections for either House of the Parliament of the Commonwealth. (Sec. 41)
Political Rights and Association
Saint Lucia
- English…
(2)
(a) Every Commonwealth citizen of the prescribed age who possesses such qualifications relating to residence or domicile in Saint Lucia as Parliament may prescribe shall, unless he or she is disqualified by Parliament from registration as a voter for the purpose of electing members of the House, be entitled to be registered as such a voter in accordance with the provisions of any law in that behalf, and no other person may be so registered.
(b) Every person who is registered as aforesaid in any constituency shall, unless he or she is disqualified by Parliament from voting in that constituency in any election of members of the House, be entitled so to vote, in accordance with the provisions of any law in that behalf, and no other person may so vote.
(c) For the purposes of this subsection the prescribed age shall be the age of 21 years or such lower age, not being less than 18 years, as Parliament may prescribe.
… (Sec. 33)
Political Rights and Association
Djibouti
- EnglishAll the Djiboutian nationals of majority, of both sexes, enjoying their civil and political rights are electors within the conditions determined by the law. (Art. 5)
- Arabicجميع مواطني جيبوتي الراشدين من الجنسين الذين يتمتعون بحقوقهم المدنية والسياسية هم ناخبون في نطاق الشروط التي حددها القانون. (المادة 5)
- FrenchTous les nationaux djiboutiens majeurs des deux sexes jouissant de leurs droits civiques et politiques sont électeurs dans les conditions déterminées par la loi. (Art. 5)