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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAny person [particulier] can, either directly, or by the procedure of the plea [exception] of unconstitutionality invoked before a jurisdiction in a matter that concerns him, refer the Constitutional Court to [a matter] concerning the constitutionality of the laws and of the treaties.
In the case of [a] plea of unconstitutionality, the referred jurisdiction postpones [its] decision and grants [impartit] the petitioner a time period of one (1) month from the notification of the decision to refer [the matter] to the Constitutional Court. (Art. 180) - FrenchTout particulier peut, soit directement, soit par la procédure de l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité invoquée devant une juridiction dans une affaire qui le concerne, saisir la Cour constitutionnelle sur la constitutionnalité des lois et des traités.
En cas d’exception d’inconstitutionnalité, la juridiction saisie surseoit à statuer et impartit au requérant un délai d’un (1) mois à partir de la signification de sa décision pour saisir la Cour constitutionnelle. (Art. 180)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Every person has the right to institute court proceedings, claiming that this Constitution has been contravened, or is threatened with contravention.
(2) In addition to a person acting in their own interest, court proceedings under clause (1) may be instituted by—
(a) a person acting on behalf of another person who cannot act in their own name;
(b) a person acting as a member of, or in the interest of, a group or class of persons;
(c) a person acting in the public interest; or
(d) an association acting in the interest of one or more of its members. (Art. 258) - Swahili(1) Kila mtu ana haki ya kufungua kesi mahakamani, akidai kwamba Katiba hii imevunjwa, au inatishiwa kuvunjwa.
(2) Pamoja na mtu kufanya kwa maslahi yake binafsi, kesi za mahakamani chini ya ibara ya (1) zinaweza kufunguliwa na-
(a) mtu anayechukua hatua kwa niaba ya mtu mwingine ambaye hawezi kuchukua hatua kwa jina lake;
(b) mtu anayechukua hatua kama mshiriki, au kwa maslahi ya kikundi au tabaka la watu;
(c) mtu anayechukua hatua kwa maslahi ya umma; au
(d) chama kinachochukua hatua kwa maslahi ya mwanachama wake mmoja au zaidi. (Kifungu cha 258)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Council is an organ charged to assure the constitutionality of the laws. It is the judge of the constitutionality of the law, of the regulations and of the administrative acts of the Executive Power. Its decisions are not susceptible to any recourse. (Art. 190bis)
- FrenchLe Conseil Constitutionnel est un organe chargé d'assurer la constitutionnalité des lois. Il est juge de la constitutionnalité de la loi, des règlements et des actes administratifs du Pouvoir Exécutif. Ses décisions ne sont susceptibles d'aucun recours. (Art. 190bis)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. In accordance with principles specified by statute, everyone whose constitutional freedoms or rights have been infringed, shall have the right to appeal to the Constitutional Tribunal for its judgment on the conformity to the Constitution of a statute or another normative act upon which basis a court or organ of public administration has made a final decision on his freedoms or rights or on his obligations specified in the Constitution.
2. The provisions of para. 1 above shall not relate to the rights specified in Article 56. (Art. 79) - Polish1. Każdy, czyje konstytucyjne wolności lub prawa zostały naruszone, ma prawo, na zasadach określonych w ustawie, wnieść skargę do Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w sprawie zgodności z Konstytucją ustawy lub innego aktu normatywnego, na podstawie którego sąd lub organ administracji publicznej orzekł ostatecznie o jego wolnościach lub prawach albo o jego obowiązkach określonych w Konstytucji.
2. Przepis ust. 1 nie dotyczy praw określonych w art. 56. (Art. 79)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe international engagements specified in Articles 114 to 116 must be deferred before their ratification to the Constitutional Court, either by the President of the Republic, or by the Prime Minister, or by the President of the National Assembly or by one-tenth of the Deputies, or by the President of the High Council of the Collectivities or by one-tenth of the National Councilors.
The Constitutional Court verifies, within a time of one month, if these engagements contain a clause contrary to the Constitution.
… (Art. 90) - FrenchLes engagements internationaux prévus aux articles 114 à 116 doivent être déférés avant leur ratification à la Cour Constitutionnelle, soit par le Président de la République, soit par le Premier Ministre, soit par le Président de l'Assemblée Nationale ou par un dixième des députés, soit par le Président du Haut Conseil des Collectivités ou par un dixième des Conseillers Nationaux.
La Cour Constitutionnelle vérifie, dans un délai d'un mois, si ces engagements comportent une clause contraire à la Constitution.
… (Art. 90)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The following recourses and mechanisms of constitutional control are also established:
1) The Recourse of Habeas Data as guarantee of protection [tutela] of personal data established [asentados] in archives, registers, databases or other technical means, of public or private nature, whose publicity constitutes [an] invasion of personal privacy and has relevance to the treatment of sensitive data of the persons in their intimate and familiar domain [ámbito]. The Recourse of Habeas Data proceeds in favor of any person to know in what circumstances, to what ends, when, and who makes contact with their personal data and its improper [indebida] publicity.
2) The conflict of competence and constitutionality between the Powers of the State. The representatives of the Powers of the State will promote the conflict of competence and constitutionality when they consider that a law, decree or regulation, act, resolution or provision of another organ [órgano], invades the domain of their privative constitutional competences.
3) The control of constitutionality in [a] concrete case as incidental mechanism of control. When in a case submitted to the cognizance of [a] judicial authority, it considers that a norm on whose validity the decision [fallo] depends is contrary to the Constitution, it must proceed to declare its unconstitutionality for that specific [en concreto] case. The parties in the process may solicit the unconstitutionality of a norm that is being applied to the case. The judicial authority must pronounce itself on the point, accepting [acogiendo] or rejecting the claim [pretensión].
4) The conflicts of constitutionality between the Central Government and the Municipal Governments and [Governments] of the Autonomous Regions of the Caribbean Coast.
The Law of Constitutional Justice will regulate the recourses and mechanism established in this chapter.3 (Art. 190) - Spanish
Se establecen también los siguientes recursos y mecanismos de control constitucional:
1) El Recurso de Habeas Data como garantía de tutela de datos personales asentados en archivos, registros, bancos de datos u otros medios técnicos, de naturaleza pública o privada, cuya publicidad constituya invasión a la privacidad personal y tenga relevancia con el tratamiento de datos sensibles de las personas en su ámbito íntimo y familiar. El Recurso de Habeas Data procede a favor de toda persona para saber quién, cuándo, con qué fines y en qué circunstancias toma contacto con sus datos personales y su publicidad indebida.
2) El conflicto de competencia y constitucionalidad entre los Poderes del Estado. Los representantes de los Poderes del Estado promoverán el conflicto de competencia y constitucionalidad cuando consideren que una ley, decreto o reglamento, acto, resolución o disposición de otro órgano, invade el ámbito de sus competencias privativas constitucionales.
3) El control de constitucionalidad en caso concreto como un mecanismo incidental de control. Cuando en un caso sometido al conocimiento de autoridad judicial, ésta considere que una norma de cuya validez depende el fallo es contraria a la Constitución, deberá proceder a declarar su inconstitucionalidad para el caso en concreto. Las partes en el proceso pueden solicitar la inconstitucionalidad de una norma que se esté aplicando al caso. La autoridad judicial deberá pronunciarse sobre el punto, acogiendo o rechazando la pretensión.
4) Los conflictos de constitucionalidad entre el Gobierno Central y los Gobiernos Municipales y de las Regiones Autónomas de la Costa Caribe.
La Ley de Justicia Constitucional regulará los recursos y mecanismos establecidos en este capítulo. (Art. 190)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Court is the court of last resort with power to determine the constitutionality of any law, order, regulation or official act. (Art. 81)
- Japanese最高裁判所は、一切の法律、命令、規則又は処分が憲法に適合するかしないかを決定する権限を有する終審裁判所である。(第81条)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
Everyone shall be entitled to jurisdictional protection of subjective rights and legitimate interests before the competent ordinary and administrative courts and before the Panel responsible for guaranteeing the constitutionality of any rule.
… (Art. 15) - Italian
E' garantita la tutela giurisdizionale dei diritti soggettivi e degli interessi legittimi davanti agli organi della giurisdizione ordinaria, amministrativa e d'innanzi al Collegio Garante della costituzionalità delle norme.
… (Art. 15)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court is the jurisdiction competent in constitutional and electoral matters.
It is charged with deciding on the constitutionality of the laws, of the ordinances as well as of the conformity of international treaties and agreements with the Constitution.
It interprets the provisions of the Constitution. It controls the regularity, the transparency and the honesty [sincérité] of the referendum, [and] of the presidential and legislative elections. It is [the] judge of the electoral disputes [contentieux] and proclaims the definitive results of the elections. (Art. 120) - FrenchLa Cour constitutionnelle est la juridiction compétente en matière constitutionnelle et électorale.
Elle est chargée de statuer sur la constitutionnalité des lois, des ordonnances ainsi que de la conformité des traités et accords internationaux à la Constitution.
Elle interprète les dispositions de la Constitution. Elle contrôle la régularité, la transparence et la sincérité du référendum, des élections présidentielles et législatives. Elle est juge du contentieux électoral et proclame les résultats définitifs des élections. (Art. 120)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishSubject to the provisions of section 39(8), an appeal shall lie from decisions of the High Court to the Court of Appeal as of right in the following cases—
(a) final decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to the interpretation of this Constitution;
(b) final decisions given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by section 16 (which relates to the enforcement of the fundamental rights and freedoms); and
(c) such other cases as may be prescribed by Parliament. (Sec. 107)