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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 519 RESULTS
Jurisdiction and Access
Cuba
- EnglishThe following duties correspond to the National Assembly of People's Power:
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b. To issue a general and obligatory interpretation of the Constitution and the laws, in necessary cases, in correspondence with the procedure prescribed by the law;
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e. To ensure the constitutionality of the laws, decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, and other general provisions in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the law;
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g. To completely or partially revoke decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, agreements, and general provisions that contradict the Constitution or the laws;
h. To completely or partially revoke the agreements or rulings of the municipal assemblies of the People's Power that violate the Constitution,
… (Art. 108) - SpanishCorresponde a la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular:
…
b) dar a la Constitución y a las leyes, en caso necesario, una interpretación general y obligatoria, en correspondencia con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
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e) ejercer el control de constitucionalidad sobre las leyes, decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos y demás disposiciones generales, de conformidad con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
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g) revocar total o parcialmente los decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos, acuerdos o disposiciones generales que contradigan la Constitución o las leyes;
h) revocar total o parcialmente los acuerdos o disposiciones de las asambleas municipales del Poder Popular que contravengan la Constitución,
… (Art. 108)
Jurisdiction and Access
Iraq
- EnglishThe Federal Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction over the following:
First: Overseeing the constitutionality of laws and regulations in effect.
Second: Interpreting the provisions of the Constitution.
Third: Settling matters that arise from the application of the federal laws, decisions, regulations, instructions, and procedures issued by the federal authority. The law shall guarantee the right of direct appeal to the Court to the Council of Ministers, those concerned individuals, and others.
Fourth: Settling disputes that arise between the federal government and the governments of the regions and governorates, municipalities, and local administrations.
Fifth: Settling disputes that arise between the governments of the regions and governments of the governorates.
Sixth: Settling accusations directed against the President, the Prime Minister and the Ministers, and this shall be regulated by law.
Seventh: Ratifying the final results of the general elections for membership in the Council of Representatives.
Eighth:
A. Settling competency disputes between the federal judiciary and the judicial institutions of the regions and governorates that are not organized in a region.
B. Settling competency disputes between judicial institutions of the regions or governorates that are not organized in a region. (Art. 93) - Arabicتختصّ المحكمة الاتحادية العليا بما يأتي:
اولاً:ـ الرقابة على دستورية القوانين والانظمة النافذة.
ثانياً:ـ تفسير نصوص الدستور.
ثالثاً :ـ الفصل في القضايا التي تنشأ عن تطبيق القوانين الاتحادية، والقرارات والانظمة والتعليمات، والاجراءات الصادرة عن السلطة الاتحادية، ويكفل القانون حق كل من مجلس الوزراء، وذوي الشأن من الافراد وغيرهم، حق الطعن المباشر لدى المحكمة.
رابعاً :ـ الفصل في المنازعات التي تحصل بين الحكومة الاتحادية، وحكومات الاقاليم والمحافظات والبلديات والادارات المحلية.
خامساً :ـ الفصل في المنازعات التي تحصل فيما بين حكومات الاقاليم أو المحافظات.
سادساً :ـ الفصل في الاتهامات الموجهة الى رئيس الجمهورية، ورئيس مجلس الوزراء والوزراء، وينظم ذلك بقانون.
سابعاً :ـ المصادقة على النتائج النهائية للانتخابات العامة لعضوية مجلس النواب.
ثامناً :ـ
أ ـ الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص بين القضاء الاتحادي، والهيئات القضائية للأقاليم والمحافظات غير المنتظمة في أقليم.
ب ـ الفصل في تنازع الاختصاص فيما بين الهيئات القضائية للأقاليم، أو المحافظات غير المنتظمة في أقليم. (المادة 93)
Jurisdiction and Access
Ethiopia
- English1. All constitutional disputes shall be decided by the House of the Federation.
2. The House of the Federation shall, within thirty days of receipt, decide a constitutional dispute submitted to it by the Council of Constitutional Inquiry. (Art. 83) - Amharic1. የሕገ መንግሥታዊ ክርክር ጉዳይ ሲነሳ በፌዴሬሽኑ ምክር ቤት ውሳኔ ያገኛል፡፡2. የፌዴሬሽን ምክር ቤት፣ የሕገ መንግሥት ጉዳዮች አጣሪ ጉባኤ በሚያቀርብለት ሕገ መንግሥታዊ ጉዳይ ላይ በሠላሣ ቀናት ውስጥ ውሳኔ ይሰጣል፡፡ (አንቀጽ 83)
Jurisdiction and Access
Russian Federation
- English…
2. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, at the request of the President of the Russian Federation, the Council of Federation, the State Duma, one fifth of senators of the Russian Federation or of the deputies of the State Duma, the Government of the Russian Federation, the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, and bodies of legislative and executive power of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, shall decide cases on conformity to the Constitution of the Russian Federation of:
a. federal constitutional laws, federal laws, normative acts of the President of the Russian Federation, the Council of Federation, the State Duma, the Government of the Russian Federation;
b. constitutions of republics, charters as well as laws and other normative acts of constituent entities of the Russian Federation adopted on issues under the jurisdiction of bodies of State power of the Russian Federation and under the joint jurisdiction of bodies of State power of the Russian Federation and bodies State power of constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
c. treaties between bodies of State power of the Russian Federation and bodies of State power of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, treaties between bodies of State power of constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
d. international treaties of the Russian Federation pending their entry into force.
3. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation shall resolve disputes on authority:
a. between federal State government bodies;
b. between State government bodies of the Russian Federation and State government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
c. between higher State government bodies of constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
4. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, in the order established by the federal constitutional law, shall verify:
а) upon complaints on violation of constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens - the constitutionality of laws and other normative acts, enumerated in items "a" and "b" of part 2 of the present Article, that had been implemented in a concrete case, if all other internal judicial remedies have been exhausted;
б) upon requests of courts - the constitutionality of laws and other normative acts enumerated in items "a" and "b" of part 2 of the present Article, that are to be applied in a concrete case.
5. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, upon request of the President of the Russian Federation, the Council of Federation, the State Duma, the Government of the Russian Federation, and legislative authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, shall provide interpretation of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
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7. The Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, upon request of the Council of Federation, shall issue a resolution on the observation of the established procedure for bringing charges of treason or of other grave crimes against the President of the Russian Federation or the President of the Russian Federation who has ceased to exercise his (her) powers. (Art. 125) - Russian…
2. Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации по запросам Президента Российской Федерации, Совета Федерации, Государственной Думы, одной пятой сенаторов Российской Федерации или депутатов Государственной Думы, Правительства Российской Федерации, Верховного Суда Российской Федерации, органов законодательной и исполнительной власти субъектов Российской Федерации разрешает дела о соответствии Конституции Российской Федерации:
а) федеральных конституционных законов, федеральных законов, нормативных актов Президента Российской Федерации, Совета Федерации, Государственной Думы, Правительства Российской Федерации;
б) конституций республик, уставов, а также законов и иных нормативных актов субъектов Российской Федерации, изданных по вопросам, относящимся к ведению органов государственной власти Российской Федерации и совместному ведению органов государственной власти Российской Федерации и органов государственной власти субъектов Российской Федерации;
в) договоров между органами государственной власти Российской Федерации и органами государственной власти субъектов Российской Федерации, договоров между органами государственной власти субъектов Российской Федерации;
г) не вступивших в силу международных договоров Российской Федерации.
3. Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации разрешает споры о компетенции:
а) между федеральными органами государственной власти;
б) между органами государственной власти Российской Федерации и органами государственной власти субъектов Российской Федерации;
в) между высшими государственными органами субъектов Российской Федерации.
4. Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации в порядке, установленном федеральным конституционным законом, проверяет:
а) по жалобам на нарушение конституционных прав и свобод граждан – конституционность законов и иных нормативных актов, указанных в пунктах "а" и "б" части 2 настоящей статьи, примененных в конкретном деле, если исчерпаны все другие внутригосударственные средства судебной защиты;
б) по запросам судов – конституционность законов и иных нормативных актов, указанных в пунктах "а" и "б" части 2 настоящей статьи, подлежащих применению в конкретном деле.
5. Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации по запросам Президента Российской Федерации, Совета Федерации, Государственной Думы, Правительства Российской Федерации, органов законодательной власти субъектов Российской Федерации дает толкование Конституции Российской Федерации.
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7. Конституционный Суд Российской Федерации по запросу Совета Федерации дает заключение о соблюдении установленного порядка выдвижения обвинения Президента Российской Федерации либо Президента Российской Федерации, прекратившего исполнение своих полномочий, в государственной измене или совершении иного тяжкого преступления. (Статья 125)
Jurisdiction and Access
Ecuador
- EnglishConstitutional proceedings can be filed by a citizen individually or collectively. (Art. 439)
- SpanishLas acciones constitucionales podrán ser presentadas por cualquier ciudadana o ciudadano individual o colectivamente. (Art. 439)
Jurisdiction and Access
Maldives
- EnglishThe People’s Majlis may by resolution refer to the Supreme Court for hearing and consideration important questions of law concerning any matter, including the interpretation of the Constitution and the constitutional validity of any statute. The Supreme Court shall answer the questions so referred and shall provide the answers to the People’s Majlis, giving reasons for its answers. The option shall be pronounced in like manner as in the case of a judgement on appeal to the Supreme Court. (Art. 95)
- Dhivehiޤާނޫނުގެ ކަން އޮތްގޮތާއި މެދު އުފެދޭ މުހިއްމު ސުވާލުތަކާ މެދު ނުވަތަ ޤާނޫނީގޮތުން ކަމުއް އޮތްގޮތާމެދު ސުޕްރީމްކޯޓުގެ ލަފައަކަށް އެދި ރައްޔިތުންގެ މަޖިލީހުން ފާސްކުރާ ޤަރާރަކުން ސުޕްރީމްކޯޓަށް ހުށަހެޅިދާނެއެވެ. މިގޮތުން ހުށަހެޅޭ ކަންތައްތަކުގެ ތެރޭގައި ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީ މާނަކުރުމުގެ މައްސަލަތަކާއި ވަކި ޤާނޫނެއްގެ ސައްޙަކަމާ މެދު އުފެދޭ ސުވާލުތައް ހިމެނެއެވެ. މިފަދަ ކަންކަމަށް ސުޕްރީމްކޯޓުން ދޭ ލަފާ ބިނާކޮށްފައިވާ ސަބަބުތައް ބަޔާންކުރުމާއެކު އެ ލަފާ ސުޕްފީމްކޯޓުން ރައްޔިތުންގެ މަޖިލީހައް ފޮނުވާންވާނެއެވެ. އެލަފާ އޮންނަންވާނީ އިސްތިނާފު ކުރުމަށް ސުޕްރީމްކޯޓަށް ހުށަހެޅޭ މައްސަލަތަކުގައި އެ ކޯޓުން ނެރޭ ޙުކުމްތަމާ އެއްފަދައިންނެވެ. (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 95 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Jurisdiction and Access
Guinea
- English…
Any pleader [plaideur] may raise the exception of unconstitutionality of a law before any jurisdiction.
The jurisdiction referred to [the matter] postpones deciding and remits the exception before the Constitutional Court. In this case, the Constitutional Court decides in the fifteen days of its referral.
The Constitutional Court is the judge of the violations of the fundamental rights and public freedoms committed by the public powers, the agents of the State and the citizens. It can be referred to [the matter] by the National Institution of Human Rights.
… (Art. 96) - French…
Tout plaideur peut soulever l'exception d'inconstitutionnalité d'une loi devant toute juridiction.
La juridiction saisie sursoie à statuer et renvoie l'exception devant la Cour constitutionnelle. Dans ce cas, la Cour Constitutionnelle statue dans les quinze jours de sa saisine.
La Cour constitutionnelle est juge des violations des droits fondamentaux et des libertés publiques commises par les pouvoirs publics, les agents de l'État et les citoyens. Elle peut être saisie par l'Institution nationale des droits humains.
… (Art. 96)
Jurisdiction and Access
Slovenia
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court decides:
- on the conformity of laws with the Constitution;
- on the conformity of laws and other regulations with ratified treaties and with the general principles of international law;
- on the conformity of regulations with the Constitution and with laws;
- on the conformity of local community regulations with the Constitution and with laws;
- on the conformity of general acts issued for the exercise of public authority with the Constitution, laws, and regulations;
- on constitutional complaints stemming from the violation of human rights and fundamental freedoms by individual acts;
- on jurisdictional disputes between the state and local communities and among local communities themselves;
- on jurisdictional disputes between courts and other state authorities;
- on jurisdictional disputes between the National Assembly, the President of the Republic, and the Government;
- on the unconstitutionality of the acts and activities of political parties; and
- on other matters vested in the Constitutional Court by this Constitution or laws.
In the process of ratifying a treaty, the Constitutional Court, on the proposal of the President of the Republic, the Government, or a third of the deputies of the National Assembly, issues an opinion on the conformity of such treaty with the Constitution. The National Assembly is bound by the opinion of the Constitutional Court.
Unless otherwise provided by law, the Constitutional Court decides on a constitutional complaint only if legal remedies have been exhausted. The Constitutional Court decides whether to accept a constitutional complaint for adjudication on the basis of criteria and procedures provided by law. (Art. 160) - SloveneUstavno sodišče odloča:
- o skladnosti zakonov z ustavo;
- o skladnosti zakonov in drugih predpisov z ratificiranimi mednarodnimi pogodbami in s splošnimi načeli mednarodnega prava;
- o skladnosti podzakonskih predpisov z ustavo in zakoni;
- o skladnosti predpisov lokalnih skupnosti z ustavo in z zakoni;
- o skladnosti splošnih aktov, izdanih za izvrševanje javnih pooblastil, z ustavo, zakoni in podzakonskimi predpisi;
- o ustavnih pritožbah zaradi kršitev človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin s posamičnimi akti;
- o sporih glede pristojnosti med državo in lokalnimi skupnostmi, in med samimi lokalnimi skupnostmi;
- o sporih glede pristojnosti med sodišči in drugimi državnimi organi;
- o sporih o pristojnostih med državnim zborom, predsednikom republike in vlado;
- o protiustavnosti aktov in delovanja političnih strank;
- in o drugih zadevah, ki so mu naložene s to ustavo ali z zakoni.
Na predlog predsednika republike, vlade ali tretjine poslancev državnega zbora izreka ustavno sodišče v postopku ratifikacije mednarodne pogodbe mnenje o njeni skladnosti z ustavo. Državni zbor je vezan na mnenje ustavnega sodišča.
Če zakon ne določa drugače, odloča ustavno sodišče o ustavni pritožbi le, če je bilo izčrpano pravno varstvo. O tem, ali ustavno sodišče ustavno pritožbo sprejme v obravnavo, odloči na podlagi meril in postopka, določenih z zakonom. (160. Člen)
Jurisdiction and Access
Haiti
- EnglishThe Constitutional Council sees to and decides when it is referred to a matter:
• on the constitutionality of the laws before their promulgation;
• on the constitutionality of the internal regulations of the Senate and of the Chamber of Deputies before their implementation
• on the orders
For the same purposes, the laws in general may be referred to the Constitutional Council, before their promulgation, by the President of the Republic, the President of the Senate, the President of the Chamber of Deputies, a group of fifteen (15) Deputes or of (10) Senators.
The law determines the modalities of organization and of functioning of the Constitutional Council as well as the other entities enabled to refer a matter to it. (Art. 190ter-5) - FrenchLe Conseil Constitutionnel veille et statue lorsqu'il est saisi:
a. sur la constitutionnalité des lois organiques avant leur promulgation;
b. sur la constitutionnalité des règlements intérieurs du Sénat et de la Chambre des Députés avant leur mise en application.
c. sur les arrêtés.
Aux mêmes fins, les lois en général peuvent être déférées au Conseil constitutionnel, avant leur promulgation, par le Président de la République, le Président du Sénat, le Président de la Chambre des Députés, un groupe de quinze (15) députés ou de dix Sénateurs.
La loi détermine les autres entités habilitées à saisir le Conseil Constitutionnel. (Article 190ter.5)
Jurisdiction and Access
Palestine
- EnglishThe High Court shall temporarily assume all duties assigned to administrative courts and to the High Constitutional Court, unless they fall within the jurisdiction of other judicial entities, in accordance with applicable laws. (Art. 104)
- Arabicتتولى المحكمة العليا مؤقتاً كل المهام المسندة للمحاكم الإدارية والمحكمة الدستورية العليا ما لم تكن داخله في اختصاص جهة قضائية أخرى وفقاً للقوانين النافذة. (المادّة 104)