Qatar

The Qatari nationality and the rules governing it shall be prescribed by law, and the same shall have the similar power as that of the constitution. (Art. 41)

The law shall specify the competent judicial body for settling of disputes pertaining to the constitutionality of laws and regulations, define its powers and method of challenging and procedures to be followed before the said body. It shall also specify the consequences of judgment regarding unconstitutionality. (Art. 140)

Education is one of the basic pillars of social progress. The state shall ensure, foster, and endeavor to spread it. (Art. 25)

All citizens have the right to education; and the State shall endeavor to make general education compulsory and free of charge in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations of the State. (Art. 49)

The employee-employer relationship shall be based on the ideals of social justice and shall be regulated by law. (Art. 30)

The Qatari society is based on the values of justice, benevolence, freedom, equality, and high morals. (Art. 18)

The State shall maintain the pillars of the society and ensure security, stability, and equal opportunities for all citizens. (Art. 19)

The Citizens of Qatar shall be equal in public rights and duties. (Art. 34)

All persons are equal before the law and there shall be no discrimination whatsoever on grounds of sex, race, language, or religion. (Art. 35)

Provisions pertaining to rights and public liberties may not be subject to amendment save for the purpose of granting more rights and guarantees for the interest of the citizen. (Art. 146)

Provisions pertaining to rights and public liberties may not be subject to amendment save for the purpose of granting more rights and guarantees for the interest of the citizen. (Art. 146)

No provision of this Constitution may be suspended save where martial laws are in force and within the limits specified by the law; however, the convening of the session of Al-Shoura Council may not be suspended neither may the immunity of its Members be violated during this period. (Art. 149)

The family is the basis of the society. A Qatari family is founded on religion, ethics, and patriotism. The law shall regulate adequate means to protect the family, support its structure, strengthen its ties, and protect maternity, childhood, and old age. (Art. 21)

The sanctity of human privacy shall be inviolable, and therefore interference into privacy of a person, family affairs, home of residence, correspondence, or any other act of interference that may demean or defame a person may not be allowed save as limited by the provisions of the law stipulated therein (Art. 37)

The Citizens of Qatar shall be equal in public rights and duties. (Art. 34)

Individuals have the right to address public authorities. (Art. 46)

The State shall ensure the right of citizens to elect and be elected in accordance with the law. (Art. 42)

The right of citizens to establish association is guaranteed in accordance with the conditions and circumstances set forth in the law. (Art. 45)

Individuals have the right to address public authorities. (Art. 46)

The law shall determine the competent Judicial Authority that shall decide on the validity of the Members' election of Al‐Shoura Council. (Art. 82)

The rule of the State is hereditary in the family of Al Thani and in the line of the male descendants of Hamad Bin Khalifa Bin Hamad Bin Abdullah Bin Jassim. The rule shall be inherited by the son named as Heir Apparent by the Emir.
In the case that there is no such son, the prerogatives of rule shall pass to the member of the family named by the Emir as Heir Apparent. In this case, his male descendants shall inherit the rule. The provisions of the rule of the State and accession shall be determined by a special law that shall be issued within a year commencing as from the date of coming into force of this Constitution. This law shall have the power of the Constitution. (Art. 8)

The Emir shall, by an Emiri Order, appoint an Heir Apparent after consultation with the members of the Ruling Family and the people of wisdom (Ahal Alhal wal agd) in the State. The Heir Apparent must be a Muslim of a Qatari Muslim Mother. (Art. 9)

The Emir is the head of State. His person shall be inviolable and he must be respected by all. (Art. 64)

The Executive Authority shall be vested in the Emir and he shall be assisted by the Council of Ministers as specified in this Constitution. (Art. 62)

The Emir shall appoint the Prime Minister, accept his resignation and remove him from office by an Emiri order; … (Art. 72)

The Emir shall appoint Ministers by an Emiri Order upon nomination by the Prime Minister; … (Art. 73)

No one shall assume a Ministerial Post save a person of an original Qatari nationality. (Art. 117)

The Council Of Ministers shall assist the Emir in discharging his functions and exercising his powers in accordance with this Constitution and the provisions of the law. (Art. 120)

The Legislative Authority shall be vested in Al-Shoura Council as prescribed in this Constitution. (Art. 61)

Al‐Shoura Council shall assume the legislative authority, approve the general policy of the Government, the budget, and it shall exercise control over the executive authority as specified in this Constitution. (Art. 76)

Al-Shoura Council shall consist of forty-five Members thirty of whom shall be elected by direct, general secret ballot; and the Emir shall appoint the remaining fifteen Members from amongst the Ministers or any other persons. … (Art. 77)

The member of Al-Shoura council should fulfill the following conditions:
1. To be a holder of an original Qatari nationality;
2. His age shall not be less than thirty calendar years at the closing date of nomination;
3. To be good in reading and writing Arabic;
4. Not to have been convicted by a competent court of law for an offense involving moral turpitude or dishonesty unless rehabilitated in accordance with the law; and
5. Eligible to vote as determined in the elections law. (Art. 80)

Ownership, capital and labour constitute the foundation of the social structure of the State; and the same are individual rights with a social function and which shall be regulated by the law. (Art. 26)

Private property is inviolable; … (Art. 27)

The right of inheritance shall be maintained and governed by Shari'a law. (Art. 51)

Every person who is a legal resident of the State shall enjoy protection to his person and property in accordance with the provisions of the law. (Art. 52)

The State shall provide care for the young, and protect the same from corruption, exploitation, evils of physical, mental and spiritual neglect. … (Art. 22)

… no person may be subjected to torture, or any degrading treatment; and torture shall be considered a crime punishable by law. (Art. 36)

Every person who is a legal resident of the State shall enjoy protection to his person and property in accordance with the provisions of the law. (Art. 52)

The family is the basis of the society. A Qatari family is founded on religion, ethics, and patriotism. The law shall regulate adequate means to protect the family, support its structure, strengthen its ties, and protect maternity, childhood, and old age. (Art. 21)

The respect of the Constitution, compliance with the laws issued by Public Authority, abiding by public order and morality, observing national traditions and established customs is a duty of all who reside in the State of Qatar or enter its territory. (Art. 57)

All provisions embodied in laws and regulations in force upon the entering of this Constitution into force shall continue to be valid and effective unless they are amended in accordance with it. The enforcement of this Constitution shall not affect the provisions of the treaties and international agreements to which the State of Qatar is a party. (Art. 143)

The State shall respect the international charters and conventions, and strive to implement all international agreements, charters, and conventions it is party thereof. (Art. 6)

The Emir shall conclude treaties and agreements by a decree and refer them to Al-Shoura Council accompanied with appropriate explanatory notes. The treaty or agreement shall have the power of law after ratification and publication in the official Gazette; however, reconciliation treaties and treaties pertaining to the territory of the State or those relating to the right of sovereignty or public or private rights of the citizens, or those that involve an amendment of the laws of the State shall come into force when the same are issued as a law. Under no case may a treaty include secret conditions contradicting its publicized conditions. (Art. 68)

All provisions embodied in laws and regulations in force upon the entering of this Constitution into force shall continue to be valid and effective unless they are amended in accordance with it. The enforcement of this Constitution shall not affect the provisions of the treaties and international agreements to which the State of Qatar is a party. (Art. 143)

Qatar is an independent sovereign Arab State. Its religion is Islam and Shari’a law shall be a main source of its legislations. … (Art. 1)

The right of inheritance shall be maintained and governed by Shari’a law. (Art. 51)